The effect of steroid administration on fetal diaphragm function.

Background: Antenatal steroid administrations lead to not only accelerated lung maturation, improved blood gas measurements but also lung dynamics and lung compliance. This study aimed to investigate structural and functional changes in diaphragm after antenatal steroid administration.

Methods: The 79 volunteers were divided into 2 groups according to presence of preterm delivery.

Evaluation of fetal diaphragm excursion and thickness in term pregnancies complicated with pre-gestational and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Both pre-gestational (PGDM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) make pregnancy complicated. Moreover in the literature GDM and PGDM have been held responsible for respiratory morbidity in newborns. Diaphragm ultrasound (DUS) is a valuable and noninvasive method that provides an opportunity to examine the diaphragmatic morphology and function.

The effect of music on fetal well-being and anxiety levels and vital signs of pregnant women during non-stress test: Turkey sample.

To assess the effect of music on fetal well-being and anxiety levels and vital signs of pregnant women during the non-stress test. The study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. The sample comprised of 74 (37 music and 37 control group) pregnant women.

Effect of preeclampsia and its severity on maternal serum NGAL and KIM-1 levels during pregnancy and the post-pregnancy period.

Objective: The purpose of this trial was to appraise the effects of preeclampsia and its intensity on maternal serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels during pregnancy and the post-pregnancy period.

Study Design: Firstly pregnant participants (n = 156) were separated into three groups, as control, mild, and severe preeclampsia. Secondly women in post-pregnancy period (n = 368) were separated into three groups according to history of pregnancy, as healthy control, mild, and severe preeclampsia.

Evaluation of midtrimester ductus venosus diameter and peak systolic velocity to predict late onset small for gestational age fetuses.

Objective: The ductus venosus, a small blood vessel in the fetal venous system, has extraordinary physiologic significance because it connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava in the fetus circulation system and transports highly oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus' heart. Hence, assessment of ductus venosus flows is helpful in evaluating fetal hemodynamics. Considering the critical function of the ductus venosus, we hypothesized that the diameter of the midtrimester ductus venosus and its peak velocity index can be related to adequate fetal growth; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the midtrimester umbilical venous blood flow, ductus venosus diameter, and ductus venosus peak systolic velocity to help predict uncomplicated deliveries of small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses.

Effect of preeclampsia and preeclampsia severity on insulin, HOMA-IR, and betatrophin levels in non-diabetic pregnant women.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of preeclampsia and its severity on insulin, the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and betatrophin levels in non-diabetic pregnant women.

Methods: Our study comprised 102 pregnant women who were divided into the following three groups: (1) control, (2) severe preeclampsia, and (3) mild preeclampsia. The women were screened with the single-stage 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria were used for diagnosis.

Adverse fetal outcomes in patients with IUGR are related with fetal diaphragm evaluation parameters.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between diaphragmatic thickness, during both inspiratory (DTI) and expiratory (DTE) stages; diaphragmatic excursion (DE); diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF); and adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

Materials And Methods: A total of 77 participants were included in this case-control study. The case group was diagnosed as having both symmetric and asymmetric IUGR (n = 39).

Intra-ovarian stem cell transplantation in management of premature ovarian insufficiency: towards the induced Oogonial Stem Cell (iOSC).

The specialized resident-stem cells in gonads are tasked with restorating damaged ovarian cells following injury to maintain sequential reproductive events. When we talk about premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) we accept the existence of decreased stem cell and their regenerative abilities. The present study was to explain how restorating damaged ovarian cells following injury to maintain sequential reproductive events in evidence-based medicine indexed in PubMed and Web of Science.

The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia Early in the Third Trimester on Small for Gestational Age and Birth Weight: A Retrospective Cohort Study on Iron Deficiency Anemia and Fetal Weight.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between iron deficiency anemia and small for gestational age (SGA) in early third trimester pregnancies.

Methods: A total of 4800 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed retrospectively. We included pregnant women who had iron deficiency anemia between 26 and 30 weeks of gestation and delivered singletons between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation.

Effect of the anterior uterocervical angle in unexplained infertility: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate an anatomical region, the anterior uterocervical angle (UCA), to determine whether it plays a role in unexplained infertility.

Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, unexplained infertile and healthy fertile (controls) women were compared. The longitudinal and transverse axes of the uterine cervix and uterine corpus were measured by transvaginal ultrasonography.

The Effect of Immigration on Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: Analysis of Experiences at a Turkish Tertiary Hospital.

Introduction: In literature, it is well documented that migration is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in many countries over the world. But in Turkey, health care providers and obstetricians had to face the effects of migration for the first time after civil war in Syria. Hence, this situation motivated us to conduct the current research in Turkey.

Nppc/Npr2/cGMP signaling cascade maintains oocyte developmental capacity.

The follicle must fulfill the following criteria if it is to survive the period between early embryonic life and the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak. It should (i) be surrounded by pregranulosa cells; (ii) complete the first meiotic division and become dormant; and (iii) continue metabolism during the dormant stage. Interaction between the natriuretic peptide precursor type C (Nppc) and its receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (Npr2), affects female fertility through the production of oocytes with developmental capacity and maintain oocyte meiotic arrest.

Effect of vitamin D deficiency on the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test screening and insulin resistance.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), is the most common medical complications of pregnancy. This study aimed to clarify the effect of second-trimester vitamin D deficiency on the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) screening and insulin resistance. A total of 120 pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy at a gestational age of 26-28 weeks were analyzed.

The Effect of Anterior Uterocervical Angle on Primary Dysmenorrhea and Disease Severity.

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea, defined as painful menstrual cramps originating in the uterus without underlying pathology, is a gynecological disease that affects quality of life and school success. Our goal was to determine the effect of anterior uterocervical angle on primary dysmenorrhea and disease severity.

Methods: A total of 200 virgin adolescents, 16 to 20 years of age, were included in the study.

Cervical Local Immune Response for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection: Involvement With Cervical Mucus SLPI Proteins.

Purpose: To evaluate cervical mucus secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) concentrations in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) 16 or 18 positive and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL).

Method: Patients with HPV 16 or 18 positive from 30 to 45 years of age whose cervical cancer screening results reported cytologically LGSIL or HGSIL were included in the study. In the control group, we included participants in the same age with cytology negative and HPV-negative healthy women.

Role of osteocalcin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance.

Objective: Insulin resistance (IR) seems to be the main pathogenic factor in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are important in IR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations of osteocalcin, adiponectin, and TNF-α with IR in PCOS.

Effect of paracetamol, dexketoprofen trometamol, lidocaine spray, pethidine & diclofenac sodium application for pain relief during fractional curettage: A randomized controlled trial.

Background & Objectives: Patients frequently experience pain of moderate to severe degree during gynaecologic procedures. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of preoperative oral dexketoprofen trometamol, intravenous paracetamol, lidocaine spray, pethidine and diclofenac sodium on fractional curettage procedure.

Methods: A total of 144 multiparous women were randomly allocated to one of the six groups.

Assessment of ovarian reserve based on hormonal parameters, ovarian volume, and antral follicle count in women with familial Mediterranean fever.

Objective: To evaluate ovarian reserve in women with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).

Study Design: Thirty women with FMF (20-29 years) and thirty healthy controls (20-29 years) were admitted to this study. Basal serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), oestradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH) and inhibin B were measured on cycle day 3.

Clinical efficacy of low dose flutamide plus Diane-35 in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Idiopathic hirsutism (IH) or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are the most common causes of hirsutism which affects 5-10% of all women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of flutamide plus diane 35 in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Materials And Methods: 26 polycystic ovary syndrome and 24 idiopathic hirsutism patients were evaluated.

Serum levels of angiopoietin-related growth factor (AGF) are increased in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent reproductive and metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance. Recently, angiopoietins were identified in the systemic circulation and have been designated angiopoietinlike proteins (ANGPTL). More recently, it is shown that angiopoietin-related growth factor (AGF, also called ANGPTL6) directly regulate lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism independent of angiogenic effects in animal studies.

A prospective randomized trial comparing low-dose ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone 24/4 combined oral contraceptive vs. ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone 21/7 combined oral contraceptive in the treatment of hirsutism.

Background: A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy of two oral contraceptives containing drospirenone in the treatment of hirsutism in women.

Study Design: Fifty women with moderate to severe hirsutism were recruited. Three women were lost to follow-up.

Clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin vs N-acetyl-cysteine in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Study Design: In this prospective trial, 100 women with PCOS were randomly divided to receive metformin (500 mg p.o.

Effect of thyroid hormone replacement therapy on ovarian volume and androgen hormones in patients with untreated primary hypothyroidism.

Background And Objectives: Primary hypothyroidism may be associated with ovarian enlargement and/ or cyst formation. We evaluated the effect of thyroid hormone replacement therapy on hormonal changes, ovarian volume and sonographic appearance.

Design And Setting: Open, prospective study of women admitted to university gynecology clinic.

Comparison of two oral contraceptives containing either drospirenone or cyproterone acetate in the treatment of hirsutism.

Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are considered the first-line treatment for women with hirsutism. They diminish androgen release from the ovary and decrease plasma free testosterone levels by increasing sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations. COCs containing cyproterone acetate (CPA) and drospirenone (DRSP) have been proved effective for the treatment of acne and facial hirsutism.

Sildenafil reduces postoperative adhesion formation in a rat uterine horn model.

Objective: The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of oral sildenafil on postoperative adhesion formation in rats.

Study Design: Thirty-two Wistar Albino rats were subjected to standardized lesion by cauterization of the uterine horn and abrasion of the adjacent parietal peritoneum. They were randomized to receive sildenafil at a daily dose of 15 mg/kg, 7.