Organ-based tube current modulation and bismuth eye shielding in pediatric head computed tomography.

Background: Exposure of the eye lens to ionizing radiation results in cataract. Several dose optimization techniques to protect the lens are available for computed tomography (CT).

Objective: The radiation dose to the eye lens, volume CT dose index (CTDI) and image quality of various methods of dose optimization were evaluated for pediatric head CT: automated tube current modulation (ATCM), automated tube voltage selection (ATVS), organ-based tube current modulation (OBTCM) and bismuth shielding.

Lysosomal acid lipase as a preproprotein.

Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL; EC 3.1.1.