: CI-RM6P has different binding sites with affinities for both M6P and IGF2, plays a role in the regulation of the TGF-β and IGF pathways that is important for controlling cell growth and differentiation. We hypothesize that previously synthesised derivative of M6P could be an alternative candidate for bone tissue regeneration in terms of higher binding affinity, stability in human serum, low cost and temporal delivery. : CH-M6P is synthesised based on previously described protocol; mesenchymal origin of isolated DPSCs was assessed by flow cytometry and AR staining prior to alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, qPCR to evaluate differentiation specific marker expression, immunofluoresence, and SEM/EDS to evaluate organic and inorganic matrix formation; and rat aortic ring model to evaluate angiogenic effect of molecule.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain tumors, despite the high mortality and morbidity, they are a rare type of heterogenous tumors that are highly dependent on sex, age, race, level of education, and socioeconomic status. Due to their high mortality rates, it is important to identify as many potential biomarkers for early detection as the earlier the tumor is discovered, the better the prognosis. One such early biomarker we propose in the current paper is the assessment of anxiety, depression, and cognitive changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForeign Accent Syndrome (FAS) is a rare and complex speech disorder characterized by the sudden emergence of a foreign accent, typically following neurological events such as strokes, traumatic brain injuries, or neurodegenerative diseases. This comprehensive review explores the pathophysiology, neuroimaging findings, and prevalence of FAS. Neuroimaging studies, including MRI and fMRI, reveal significant brain reorganization predominantly in the left hemisphere, involving regions such as the superior temporal gyrus and medial frontal structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has introduced new challenges in managing neurological conditions, particularly among athletes. This paper explores the intersection of post-COVID-19 neurological syndrome (PCNS/PASC) and post-concussion syndrome (PCS), focusing on their implications in sports medicine. Our analysis covers the symptomatology, pathophysiology, and management strategies for PCNS/PASC and PPCS, with special attention paid to the unique challenges faced by athletes recovering from these conditions, including the risk of symptom exacerbation and prolonged recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxidative stress, arising from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, contributes significantly to oral cancer such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) initiation, promotion, and progression. ROS, generated both internally and externally, induce cellular damage including DNA mutations and lipid peroxidation, fostering oncogene activation and carcinogenesis. The objective of this review was to cover and analyze the interplay between ROS and antioxidants, influencing the key processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, shaping the trajectory of OSCC development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngiogenesis is the process of developing new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. This review summarizes the main features of physiological and pathological angiogenesis and those of angiogenesis activation and inhibition. In healthy adults, angiogenesis is absent apart from its involvement in female reproductive functions and tissue regeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe describe in this paper the synthesis of two glycolipids containing a mannosyl residue functionalized with malonic acid and azide groups at the C6 position. Two synthetic routes have been successfully implemented: the first one involves Schmidt's glycosylation procedure using functionalized carbohydrates, whereas the second one involves nucleophilic substitutions in the C6 position of an iodinated intermediate obtained using Koenigs-Knorr reaction. A comparative discussion of reactions and yields is realized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is an important tool in the diagnosis, evaluation and follow up of glaucoma patients. Even if we are dealing with a primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) or a primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patient, the mechanism of angle closure can be revealed by performing an UBM. The device can help differentiate between the two types of glaucoma even in patients with opaque corneas when gonioscopy cannot be performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlaucoma represents the main cause of irreversible blindness in the world and for this consideration, the interest in a quick and precise diagnosis and progression of the disease, prior to the appearance of irreversible damage, has been continuously rising. Glaucoma risk factors are already well known, but current studies reveal that it is necessary to make a proper analysis of the intraocular pressure (IOP) to obtain an accurate diagnosis, so we must take into consideration corneal properties that might affect IOP measurements. Starting from corneal geometrical properties represented by central corneal thickness (CCT) and continuing with biomechanical properties represented by corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) we reviewed the value of investigating corneal properties in ocular hypertension (OH), primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrasound is a fundamental tool used in all medical specialties, including ophthalmology. Nowadays, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), a method with higher resolution, allows the investigation of in vivo details of the anterior segment of the eye at microscopic resolution. The examination is especially useful in patients with secondary glaucoma that involves a lens component such as phacomorphic glaucoma and occult phacomorphic glaucoma (OPG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe focus of this update is to emphasize the recent advances in the pathogenesis and various molecular key approaches associated with myopia in order to reveal new potential therapeutic targets. We review the current evidence for its complex genetics and evaluate the known or candidate genes and loci. In addition, we discuss recent investigations regarding the role of environmental factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlaucoma is known as an optic neuropathy prone to progression that determines characteristic not only structural (loss of the ganglion cells as well as their axons) but also functional defects (visual field loss). To evaluate the possibility of applying ganglion cell complex analysis (GCC) in patients who associate ocular hypertension with tilted disc and marked peripapillary atrophy. In order to evaluate its components, GCC can be investigated using the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) revealing: ganglion cell layer (cells bodies), inner plexiform layer (dendrites and synapses), and nerve fiber layer (axons).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlaucoma is an optic neuropathy that affects the ganglion cell complex in all its components: cell bodies, dendrites, and axons, the dendritic arbor being the first one damaged. This is the reason why the thickness of the ganglion cell and internal plexiform layers can be taken into account as an early predictor of the glaucomatous changes, along with the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. However, due to disc tilting and peripapillary atrophy, the RNFL evaluation may be prone to errors in myopic patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFto familiarize the public with the role of corneal biomechanics in glaucoma patient management. Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) is the only device that measures in vivo corneal biomechanics. Recent studies regarding "corneal biomechanics and glaucoma" were reviewed and the obtained data were compared in order to present a better understanding of the corneal biomechanical properties involvement in glaucoma care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKeratoconus is a degenerative disorder with progressive stromal thinning and transformation of the normal corneal architecture towards ectasia that results in decreased vision due to irregular astigmatism and irreversible tissue scarring. The pathogenesis of keratoconus still remains unclear. Hypotheses that this condition has an inflammatory etiopathogenetic component apart from the genetic and environmental factors are beginning to escalate in the research domain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Abstract
Purpose: We present the clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic features in a patient with secondary congenital aphakia.
Methods: A 2-year-old patient, diagnosed with congenital rubella syndrome including sensorineural deafness, congenital heart disease, intellectual disability, microcephaly, microphthalmia, and congenital cataract, presented to our clinic for the surgical treatment of cataract.
Results: During the surgery, the absence of the lens' cortex was observed, hence, the final diagnose was of secondary congenital aphakia.
Two novel compounds with mannose-derived structure, bearing a tetrazole (compound 3) and a sulfone group (compound 4) in terminal position, have been prepared from methyl α-d-mannopyranoside in reduced number of steps. The angiogenic activity of 3 and 4 has been screened using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) method. Tetrazole 3 has been identified to possess a promising bioactivity, being identified as angiogenesis inhibitor, with 68% of neovascular vessels when compared to control (PBS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo investigate the variability of the corneal hysteresis in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) patients. Out of 123 eyes, 99 carried out the inclusion criteria and were investigated further using Goldman Aplanotonometer to measure intraocular pressure(IOP), Ocular Response Analyzer(ORA) in order to determine corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor(CRF), ultrasonic pachimetry (Ocuscan) to measure central corneal thickness(CCT) and Humphrey visual field to determine mean deviation(MD), pattern standard deviation(PSD) and visual field index(VFI). The patients were divided into two groups: one group of diagnosed POAG patients and one control group of healthy individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To investigate the relationship between corneal biomechanical changes and glaucoma severity in primary open angle glaucoma patients.
Design: Correlation study.
Materials And Methods: Our study included 70 glaucomatous eyes; they were divided in groups using Glaucoma Staging System Based on Humphrey Visual Field.
Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma is a rare disease, more frequent in children. The indication for resection is due to the presence of symptoms or compression of the neighboring organs. Hereby, it is described the case of an adult patient with previous surgery for seminoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi
September 2004
Neuroblastoma is the most common nonhematopoietic solid tumor of childhood and has been intensively studied for at least 4 decades. Despite this, few predictive histopathologic clues to its behavior exist. Ages, anatomic sites of occurrence, histopathology of the tumor and clinical stage have traditionally been the only reliable prognostic factors in this disease.
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