Oncology-Led Early Identification of Nutritional Risk: A Pragmatic, Evidence-Based Protocol (PRONTO).

Nutritional issues, including malnutrition, low muscle mass, sarcopenia (i.e., low muscle mass and strength), and cachexia (i.

Gastrointestinal Tolerance and Protein Absorption Markers with a New Peptide Enteral Formula Compared to a Standard Intact Protein Enteral Formula in Critically Ill Patients.

The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate gastrointestinal tolerance and protein absorption markers with a new enteral peptide formula (PF) compared to an isocaloric enteral intact protein standard formula (SF) containing the same amount of protein in ICU patients. Patients admitted to a cardio-thoracic intensive care unit expected to receive tube feeding for ≥5 days were randomized to receive either PF (1.5 kcal/mL) or SF in a double-blind manner for ≤14 days.

Association Between AND-ASPEN Malnutrition Criteria and Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill Trauma Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Malnutrition is prevalent in trauma victims because of intense muscle wasting triggered by traumatic events and is a mortality risk. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics-American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (AND-ASPEN) tool has the potential to diagnose malnutrition in this population. This study aims to evaluate this criterion as a malnutrition diagnostic tool and as a hospital mortality predictor in critically ill trauma patients.

Protected time for nutrition support teams: What are the benefits?

Background & Aims: Nutrition support teams (NSTs) are important and unique entities in acute care hospitals. Despite their utility, NSTs are lacking in the majority of hospitals worldwide and where they exist, most members only spend a fraction of their time working within that role. We aim to evaluate the effect of protected time on NST performance by assessing the influence of structure and process in NST activities.

Diarrhea in Critically Ill Patients: The Role of Enteral Feeding.

This tutorial presents a systematic approach to the management of diarrhea in the critical care setting. Diarrhea is a common and prevalent problem in critically ill patients. Despite the high prevalence, its management is far from simple.

Acidosis: progression of chronic kidney disease and quality of life.

Metabolic acidosis (MA) is relatively common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) particularly in stages 4 and 5. It is assumed to play a contributory role in the development of several complications including bone disease, skeletal muscle wasting, altered protein synthesis, and degradation. Recent evidence also suggests that even mild acidosis might play a role in progressive glomerular filtration rate loss.

The role of salt intake and salt sensitivity in the management of hypertension in South Asian people with chronic kidney disease: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: The effectiveness of salt restriction to lower blood pressure (BP) in Bangladeshi patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is uncertain.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that a tailored intervention intended to reduce salt intake in addition to standard care will achieve a greater reduction in BP in UK Bangladeshi patients with CKD than standard care alone.

Design: A randomised parallel-group controlled trial conducted over a 6 month period.

Bicarbonate supplementation slows progression of CKD and improves nutritional status.

Bicarbonate supplementation preserves renal function in experimental chronic kidney disease (CKD), but whether the same benefit occurs in humans is unknown. Here, we randomly assigned 134 adult patients with CKD (creatinine clearance [CrCl] 15 to 30 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)) and serum bicarbonate 16 to 20 mmol/L to either supplementation with oral sodium bicarbonate or standard care for 2 yr.

A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to improve phosphate levels in hemodialysis patients.

Objective: To determine the effect of a dietetic educational intervention on phosphate and calcium levels of hemodialysis patients.

Design: Parallel-group randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Teaching hospital hemodialysis unit in London, England.