Management of children with obesity at local hospital and impact of COVID-19 pandemic.

This study investigated the status of children with obesity before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effects of lifestyle guidance on weight loss among children in Japan. We analysed the data of patients who visited our hospital after check-ups for obesity and evaluated the efficacy of lifestyle guidance. The patients were divided into groups A, B, and C (year 2011, 2019, and 2021, respectively).

Effects of four premolar extractions on vermilion height and lip area during a posed smile in patients with bimaxillary protrusion.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of four premolar extractions and orthodontic treatment on changes to the lips and vermilion height during a posed smile.

Methods: Fifteen female patients who were diagnosed with bimaxillary protrusion and treated with four premolar extractions were selected. The control group consisted of 25 female volunteers with a normal occlusion.

Effects of sliding velocity on friction: an in vitro study at extremely low sliding velocity approximating orthodontic tooth movement.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of sliding velocity on friction, particularly at extremely low sliding velocity approximating orthodontic tooth movement.

Materials And Methods: Stainless-steel (SS) 0.022-inch preadjusted brackets and 0.

Effects of vermilion height on lip esthetics in Japanese and Korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of vermilion height on the assessment of lip attractiveness by Japanese and Korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients.

Materials And Methods: Vermilion heights were modified by increasing or decreasing the vermilion height in 1.0-mm increments from -3.

Effects of vertical positions of anterior teeth on smile esthetics in Japanese and korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients.

Statement Of Problem: The perception of a pleasing smile may differ between the countries in Asia or may be converging on a more internationally pleasing one.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of vertical positions of anterior teeth on smile esthetics as assessed by Japanese and Korean orthodontists as well as by orthodontic patients.

Materials And Methods: A standard composite smile was constructed from different females' intraoral and extraoral photographs.

Effect of allergen sensitization on external root resorption.

In orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), we should be concerned about external root resorption (ERR) as an undesirable iatrogenic problem, but its mechanisms are not fully understood. Since our previous epidemiologic studies found that patients with allergic diseases showed higher rates of ERR during orthodontic treatment, we explored the possible effect of allergic sensitization on ERR. In ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized Brown-Norway rats, the amounts of ERR and OTM were greater than those in animals subjected to orthodontic force alone.

Effects of buccal corridors on smile esthetics in Japanese and Korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the size of buccal corridors on the assessment of attractive smile esthetics by Japanese and Korean orthodontists and orthodontic patients.

Methods: Buccal corridors were modified digitally from 0% to 25% compared with the inner intercommissural width. Using a visual analog scale, 41 Japanese and 25 Korean orthodontists, and 96 Japanese and 72 Korean orthodontic patients (15-29 years old) rated the attractiveness of 6 smiles with altered buccal corridors.

High production of interleukin-10 and interferon-γ in influenza-associated MERS in the early phase.

Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) occurs in various diseases and pathologies, and the clinical symptoms are not consistent with the impaired region. The mechanism of the region specificity is unclear. We investigated the cytokine profiling in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum obtained from a child with MERS during influenza infection, and compared them with those of serious another serious type of influenza-associated encephalopathy.

Effects of extraction of four premolars on vermilion height and lip area in patients with bimaxillary protrusion.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of orthodontic treatment, involving the extraction of four premolars, on vermilion height and lip area. Twenty-eight female patients (mean 21.9 ± 3.

Production of chemokines in respiratory syncytial virus infection with central nervous system manifestations.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children can be associated with acute encephalopathy. However, the roles of cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of such patients remain unevaluated. In this study, a profile of 17 cytokines was determined for eight RSV-infected children with neurological complications.

[Successful treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus infection with valganciclovir].

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs frequently in neonates. However, there are no screening tests or definitive treatments for this infection in Japan. We report a case of a 21-day-old Japanese boy with congenital CMV infection.

Transaminase in rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Background: Children infected with rotavirus often show increased levels of transaminase, and symptoms are characterized by white stool, similar to biliary atresia. Rotavirus infections are also sporadically accompanied with convulsions, encephalopathy and Reye syndrome. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate transaminase and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in rotavirus infection, in order to better understand their clinical significance.

A boy with non-herpes simplex acute limbic encephalitis and antiglutamate receptor antibodies.

This report concerns a 12-year-old male with intractable seizures over a long period. The case fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for nonherpetic acute limbic encephalitis. He had frequent convulsions starting with a partial seizure at the left angle of the mouth and progressing to secondary generalized seizures.

Classification of acute encephalopathy in respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is known to be associated with central nervous system symptoms such as convulsions. We investigated cytokines, nitrogen oxide (NO)( x ), and the viral genome in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from children with RSV infection-related convulsions or central nervous symptoms and compared the data with type of encephalopathy. Of nine patients enrolled (six boys and three girls; aged 10 days-3 years), one metabolic error, five excitotoxicity, one cytokine storm, and two hypoxia cases were found.

Myopathy and neurogenic muscular atrophy in unexpected cardiopulmonary arrest.

Background:   Neuromuscular disorders can be the cause of sudden death of infants because of their weakness and gastroesophageal reflux (GER).

Methods:   Muscle biopsy and genetic studies were performed by usual method.

Results:   In this report four cases of infants with neuromuscular disorders (two cases of congenital myopathy and two cases of spinal muscular atrophy) who had unexpected cardiopulmonary arrest on arrival (CPAOA) are presented.

Evaluation of well-balanced lip position by Japanese orthodontic patients.

Introduction: The purposes of this study were to assess and determine the range of a well-balanced anteroposterior lip position as evaluated by orthodontic patients from a series of varying lip positions in facial silhouettes, and whether the rater's sex and age were factors in the assessment.

Methods: The average profiles were constructed from 30 Japanese male and female subjects with normal occlusion. A series of 13 profiles was developed for males and females, respectively.

Effects of retraction of anterior teeth and initial soft tissue variables on lip changes in Japanese adults.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of retraction of anterior teeth and the initial soft tissue profile variables on upper and lower lip changes in Japanese adults. Pre- and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs of 33 Japanese female adults (aged 23.0±5.

Influence of gingival display on smile aesthetics in Japanese.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the amount of gingival display on smile aesthetics as assessed by Japanese orthodontists and dental students. A coloured photograph of a smiling female, displaying the first molar to first molar, whose upper lip was tangent to the upper gingival margin of the upper central incisors (zero point), was constructed from different subjects. Gingival displays were modified by moving the teeth within the lip frame in 1 mm increments, from -5 to 5.

Relationship between the unilateral TMJ osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis, mandibular asymmetry and the EMG activity of the masticatory muscles: a retrospective study.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationship between the unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis (OA), mandibular asymmetry and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masticatory muscles. Twenty-two Japanese women (aged 23.2 +/- 5.

Comparison of the kinetic frictional force between conventional plastic brackets with thermoplastic low-friction module ligation and self-ligating brackets.

Aim: To compare the kinetic frictional force of a conventional plastic preadjusted bracket with thermoplastic low-friction module ligation and a self-ligating bracket.

Materials And Methods: The testing model consisted of four 0.022-inch conventional plastic preadjusted brackets; four 0.