The Challenge of Measuring Sweet Taste in Food Ingredients and Products for Regulatory Compliance: A Scientific Opinion.

The Codex Alimentarius Commission, a central part of the joint Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organizations Food Standards Program, adopts internationally recognized standards, guidelines, and code of practices that help ensure safety, quality, and fairness of food trade globally. Although Codex standards are not regulations per se, regulatory authorities around the world may benchmark against these standards or introduce them into regulations within their countries. Recently, the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses (CCNFSDU) initiated a draft revision to the Codex standard for follow-up formula (FUF), a drink/product (with added nutrients) for young children, to include requirements for limiting or measuring the amount of sweet taste contributed by carbohydrates in a product.

Tannic acid mimicking dendrimers as small intestine submucosa stabilizing nanomordants.

Chemical stabilization resulting in increased resistance to proteolytic degradation is one of the approaches in prevention of post-implantational aneurysm development in decellularized natural vascular scaffolds. Recently, tannic acid (TA) and tannic acid mimicking dendrimers (TAMD) have been suggested as potential stabilization agents for collagen and elastin. The aim of this work was to determine the stabilizing effects of TAMD on decellularized natural scaffolds.

Synthesis and cholera toxin binding properties of multivalent GM1 mimics.

Dendrimers based on the 3,5-di-(2-aminoethoxy)-benzoic acid branching unit were used to attach multiple copies of a GM1 mimic for inhibition of cholera toxin binding. Systems up to octavalent were synthesized along with relevant reference compounds that contained in one case the ligand in a monovalent format and in another case the scaffold but not the ligand. Using a surface plasmon resonance inhibition assay the prepared inhibitors showed good inhibition.

Rigidified multivalent lactose molecules and their interactions with mammalian galectins: a route to selective inhibitors.

New and rigid multivalent lactose molecules were prepared. The structures contain lactose-2-aminothiazoline units at the periphery that were formed from a cyclisation of the thiourea sulphur onto the triple bond of the spacer. The lactosides were evaluated as inhibitors against lectin binding in a solid phase inhibition assay.

Synthesis and biological activity of polygalloyl-dendrimers as stable tannic acid mimics.

Inspired by the structure of tannic acid, first- to third-generation dendrimers containing two, four, and eight galloyl moieties were synthesized. Stability, antioxidant activity and collagen cross-linking activity of the natural product and its dendrimer analogues were compared. The experimental results indicate that polygalloyl dendrimers might be used as new lead compounds to improve the long-term healing characteristics of burn wounds.

Synthesis and cholera toxin binding properties of a lactose-2-aminothiazoline conjugate.

[structure: see text] During the search for improved monovalent ligands for cholera toxin (CT), a new lactose-2-aminothiazoline conjugate was discovered. In a fluorescence binding assay the compound was found to be one of the strongest relatively simple CT ligands to date with a K(d) of 23 microM.