Publications by authors named "Ioannis Verginadis"
Circadian misalignment has been associated with obesity both in rodents and humans. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis contributes to energy expenditure and can be activated in adults to reduce body weight. Although previous studies suggest control of BAT thermogenesis by the circadian clock, the site and mechanisms of regulation remain unclear.
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- Ultra-high dose rate FLASH radiotherapy shows promise in reducing toxicity to normal tissues compared to standard proton radiotherapy while maintaining effective anti-tumor responses.
- Research demonstrated that FLASH treatment led to faster recovery and improved survival in mice after whole-abdomen irradiation, linked to enhanced proliferation of stem and progenitor cells for tissue regeneration.
- The benefits of FLASH are attributed to changes in immune and stromal cell signaling, particularly involving TGF-β and IFN-I pathways, which differ significantly from those activated in standard radiotherapy, thus minimizing side effects.
FLASH Proton Radiation Therapy Mitigates Inflammatory and Fibrotic Pathways and Preserves Cardiac Function in a Preclinical Mouse Model of Radiation-Induced Heart Disease.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
July 2024
Article Synopsis
This Roadmap paper covers the field of precision preclinical x-ray radiation studies in animal models. It is mostly focused on models for cancer and normal tissue response to radiation, but also discusses other disease models. The recent technological evolution in imaging, irradiation, dosimetry and monitoring that have empowered these kinds of studies is discussed, and many developments in the near future are outlined.
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- This study examines how combining different types of data, like clinical, radiomic, and genetic information, can improve risk assessment and overall survival predictions in patients with a specific type of brain tumor (GBM).
- Researchers used multi-parametric MRI data from 516 patients to train machine learning classifiers to identify high-risk and low-risk patient groups based on their predicted survival.
- The findings demonstrated that integrated approaches, using both traditional clinical measures and advanced multi-omic data, significantly enhance the accuracy of survival predictions compared to using clinical data alone.
Article Synopsis
- Ultra-high dose rate FLASH proton radiotherapy (F-PRT) was tested against standard dose rate proton radiotherapy (S-PRT) in mouse intestines to see its effects on tissue toxicity and regeneration.
- The study involved irradiating mice using both F-PRT and S-PRT in two regions: the entrance area and the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP), and measuring the proliferation of intestinal cells post-treatment.
- Results indicated that F-PRT allowed for better preservation of healthy intestinal cells and crypt structures than S-PRT, with no significant differences in tumor growth between the two treatment methods.
In studies of electron and proton radiotherapy, ultrahigh dose rates of FLASH radiotherapy appear to produce fewer toxicities than standard dose rates while maintaining local tumor control. FLASH-proton radiotherapy (F-PRT) brings the spatial advantages of PRT to FLASH dose rates (>40 Gy/second), making it important to understand if and how F-PRT spares normal tissues while providing antitumor efficacy that is equivalent to standard-proton radiotherapy (S-PRT). Here we studied PRT damage to skin and mesenchymal tissues of muscle and bone and found that F-PRT of the C57BL/6 murine hind leg produced fewer severe toxicities leading to death or requiring euthanasia than S-PRT of the same dose.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel Mouse Model of Radiation-Induced Cardiac Injury Reveals Biological and Radiological Biomarkers of Cardiac Dysfunction with Potential Clinical Relevance.
Clin Cancer Res
April 2021
Article Synopsis
Alterations in gut microbiota impact the pathophysiology of several diseases, including cancer. Radiotherapy (RT), an established curative and palliative cancer treatment, exerts potent immune modulatory effects, inducing tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cross-priming with antitumor CD8+ T cell elicitation and abscopal effects. We tested whether the gut microbiota modulates antitumor immune response following RT distal to the gut.
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