Giant-Cell Aortitis-Induced Acute Aortic Insufficiency: An Underestimated Etiology.

BACKGROUND Acute aortic insufficiency can be secondary to multiple conditions, including infective endocarditis, aortic root pathologies (eg, dissection, aortitis), or traumatic injury. Aortitis involves a broad spectrum of disorders characterized by inflammatory changes in the aortic wall. This pathology can be subsequently classified depending on its etiology into inflammatory and infectious causes.

Relation of Community-Level Socioeconomic Status to Delayed Diagnosis of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

Acute type A aortic dissection requires timely diagnosis and intervention. Previous studies have examined risk factors associated with delayed diagnosis; however, the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) has not been previously studied. Our study examined the impact of various SES measures on time to diagnosis.

A bridge from HeartMate XVE to HeartMate 3.

Cardiac recovery after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is rare. Recurrent heart failure after device explantation is also rare. We describe a patient who is the recipient of a third-generation LVAD due to recurrent heart failure nearly one decade after successfully being bridged to recovery after implantation of a first-generation LVAD.

Acute Trans-Diaphragmatic Herniation of the Caudate Lobe of the Liver.

Diaphragmatic liver herniation is often associated with thoracoabdominal trauma. Spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture is a thoracoabdominal emergency and requires a high index of suspicion combined with high-resolution imaging studies for establishing an accurate and timely diagnosis. We present a case report of a patient who was admitted to the emergency department with severe substernal chest pain and shortness of breath who was diagnosed with spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture and caudate liver herniation.

Craniotomy for anterior cranial fossa meningiomas: historical overview.

The surgical treatment of meningiomas located at the base of the anterior cranial fossa is often challenging, and the evolution of the surgical strategy to resect these tumors parallels the development of craniotomy, and neurosurgery in general, over the past century. Early successful operations to treat these tumors were pioneered by prominent figures such as Sir William Macewen and Francesco Durante. Following these early reports, Harvey Cushing made significant contributions, allowing a better understanding and treatment of meningiomas in general, but particularly those involving the anterior cranial base.

Small (< 10-mm) incidentally found intracranial aneurysms, Part 2: treatment recommendations, natural history, complications, and short-term outcome in 212 consecutive patients.

Object: The management of incidental small unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) is controversial and many factors need to be considered in the decision-making process. The authors describe a large consecutive series of patients harboring small incidental intracranial aneurysms. Treatment strategy, natural history, complications, and short-term outcomes are presented.

Small (< 10-mm) incidentally found intracranial aneurysms, Part 1: reasons for detection, demographics, location, and risk factors in 212 consecutive patients.

Object: The widespread use of imaging techniques for evaluating nonspecific symptoms (vertigo, dizziness, memory concerns, unsteadiness, and the like) and focal neurological symptoms related to cerebrovascular disease has led to increased identification of asymptomatic incidentally discovered unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). The management of these incidental aneurysms is controversial and many factors need to be considered. The authors describe reasons leading to diagnosis, demographics, and risk factors in a large consecutive series of patients with small incidentally found UIAs.

Radiosurgery for intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs): a review.

The management of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) is complex and may require a combination of various treatment techniques. Endovascular embolization has recently emerged as the primary definitive treatment modality. However, an increasing body of literature has supported the use of stereotactic radiosurgery as the sole therapeutic modality or in combination with embolization and/or surgery.

"Real time" angiographic evidence of "pseudoaneurysm" formation after aneurysm rebleeding.

Background: Pseudoaneurysms occur at the rupture site of true aneurysms and appear as irregularly shaped and partially thrombosed outpouchings of the main sac. Recanalization of thrombi inside pseudoaneurysmal sac is one of the putative mechanisms of rebleeding of unsecured aneurysms and of coil migration after endovascular treatment. We document "real time" pseudoaneurysm formation after rerupture of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm.