Candidate proteomic biomarkers for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) discovered with mass-spectrometry: a systematic review.

Context: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver which is accompanied by a series of metabolic deregulations. There are sustained research efforts focusing upon biomarker discovery for NAFLD diagnosis and its prognosis in order investigate and follow-up patients as minimally invasive as possible.

Objective: The objective of this study is to critically review proteomic studies that used mass spectrometry techniques and summarize relevant proteomic NAFLD candidate biomarkers.

Ratio of spleen diameter to red blood cell distribution width: a novel indicator for celiac disease.

Celiac disease (CD) is currently considerably underdiagnosed, setting the need for developing tools to select patients with probability of CD, who warrant further testing. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been shown in previous studies to be a sensitive predictor for CD, but it lacks specificity. Splenic hypotrophy is also noted frequently in celiac patients.

Hospital-based surveillance to estimate the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children below five years of age in Romania.

Introduction: Rotavirus (RV) is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE), affecting 95% of children below five years of age.

Methods: In this prospective, multi-center study, children below five years of age who were hospitalized or those who visited the emergency room (ER) due to AGE or who developed AGE at least 48 hours after hospitalization (nosocomial infection) and had a RV-positive stool sample were included (n=1,222). RV-positive samples were genotyped by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

Preterm screening by transfontanelar ultrasound - results of a 5 years cohort study.

Objectives: Intracranial hemorrhages (ICH) might be the cause of significant psycho-motor or cognitive impairment in preterm babies. A 5 year cohort study performed in the IOMC was aimed at determining the prevalence and proportion of the main types of ICH diagnosed by transfontanelar (TF) ultrasound among admitted preterms, along with the neuro-developmental effects on a 12 month follow-up period.

Material And Methods: In the above mentioned period all enrolled newborns were examined by TF ultrasound according to a common standardized protocol.

Hypoxic ischemic cerebral lesions of the newborn--ultrasound diagnosis. Pictorial essay.

Transcranial ultrasonography is the most widely used neuroimaging technique in both premature and full term infants. The high susceptibility to hypoxia of the preterm brain explains the raised prevalence of intracranial haemorrhages at this group of patients. Ultrasound examination contributes to assessment of the neurologic status in children by diagnosing and staging of the intracranial bleeding, and brings informations about immediate and long term prognosis.

[Respiratory symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux in children].

In the current pediatric practice, respiratory symptoms are one of the most common reasons that lead to referral to a pediatric specialist. Although most such symptoms are generated by respiratory causes, mainly infectious ones, sometimes extra-respiratory pathogenesis is involved. In the last twenty years, pediatric gastroesophageal reflux (GER) has been more frequently recognized both because the increased awareness of the disease and the progresses concerning the diagnostic techniques.

[Cardiac failure in the newborn. Diagnostic pitfalls].

Echocardiography commonly represents the diagnostic clue in neonatal heart failure (HF). Congenital heart diseases are the most frequent causes of HF in this age group. Arterio-venous malformations are the most common noncardiac causes of HF.

[Differential diagnosis of febrile exanthema].

Febrile exanthema (FE) is an extremely polymorphous clinical entity, frequently seen in daily clinical practice. FE is characterized by diffuse rash and fever. FE is classified in 4 types, depending on the primary skin lesion: macular, maculopapular, vesicular, and bullous exanthema.