17-Beta estradiol enhances osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal cells.

Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) possess multiple differentiation potentials and may serve as a cell source, if effectively modulated, for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Due to estrogen's function in tissue and organ development through regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, we hypothesized that an estrogen supplement may effectively enhance the multiple differentiation potentials of human ASCs. 17-Beta estradiol (E2) was investigated for modulating in vitro osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in human ASCs isolated from a healthy female donor.

Modulations of 17-beta estradiol on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. However, effective regulation to improve differentiation potentials of MSCs plays a critical role in promoting successful tissue formation. Because estrogen has been demonstrated to modulate tissue and organ development and differentiation, we hypothesized that adding estrogen could effectively improve the multiple differentiation potentials of human bone marrow MSCs in vitro.

Multiple differentiation potentials of neonatal dura mater-derived cells.

Objective: The involvement of the dura mater in calvarial development and bone healing lead to a hypothesis that progenitor cells with multiple differentiation potentials exist within this tissue. The present study investigated the differentiation potentials of dura mater-derived cells by driving them into several cell-restricted lineages.

Methods: Dissected dura mater tissue of neonatal rats was washed, finely minced, and enzymatically digested.

Adipose tissue engineering by human adipose-derived stromal cells.

Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative approach to current clinical treatments for restoration of soft tissue defects. The purpose of this study was to investigate adipose tissue formation in vitro and in vivo by using human adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) utilizing a gelatin sponge (Gelform) as a scaffold. Adipogenic potentials of human ADSCs were demonstrated by Oil-O-red staining and cellular morphology.

MR assessment of osteogenic differentiation in tissue-engineered constructs.

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSC) are a promising source of osteoprogenitor cells for bone tissue engineering. However, the population of the osteoprogenitor cells and their differentiation potentials change with the gender, age, and health of the donor. Development of a noninvasive method to assess osteogenic progression is critical for successful bone tissue regeneration.

Comparison of osteogenic potentials of visceral and subcutaneous adipose-derived cells of rabbits.

Background: The demand for a large amount of osteogenic cells required in bone tissue engineering warranted exploration of a new source of osteoprogenitor cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that adipose-derived stromal cells possess multiple differentiation capacities, including osteogenic potential, as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In the present study, the authors compared the osteogenic potentials of adipose-derived stromal cells from different anatomical sites of rabbits.

Nondestructive evaluation of osteogenic differentiation in tissue-engineered constructs.

Conventional measurements of osteogenesis in tissue-engineered constructs are destructive to living cells and incapable to provide three-dimensional information. In the present study, noninvasive magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy was used to evaluate osteogenic differentiation in vitro in human mesenchymal stem cell-based tissue-engineered constructs. The constructs were prepared by seeding the cells (10(6)cells/ml) on 4 x 4 x 4 mm gelatin sponge cubes and subsequently exposing them to osteogenic differentiation or basic medium.

Magnetic resonance microscopy for monitoring osteogenesis in tissue-engineered construct in vitro.

Magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) is used to monitor osteogenesis in tissue-engineered constructs. Measurements of the developing tissue's MR relaxation times (T(1) and T(2)), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and elastic shear modulus were conducted over a 4-week growth period using an 11.74 T Bruker spectrometer with an imaging probe adapted for MR elastography (MRE).