Publications by authors named "Inui S"
Background/aim: HyperArc (HA) is an automated planning technique enabling single-isocenter brain stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT); however, dosimetric outcomes may be influenced by the planner's expertise. This study aimed to assess the impact of institutional experience on the plan quality of HA-SRT for both single and multiple brain metastases.
Materials And Methods: Twenty patients who underwent HA-SRT for single metastasis between 2020 and 2021 comprised the earlier group, while those treated between 2022 and 2024 constituted the later group.
Bone tissue engineering is a technique that simulates the bone tissue microenvironment by utilizing cells, tissue scaffolds, and growth factors. The collagen hydrogel is a three-dimensional network bionic material that has properties and structures comparable to those of the extracellular matrix (ECM), making it an ideal scaffold and drug delivery system for tissue engineering. The clinical applications of this material are restricted due to its low mechanical strength.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: High visceral fat area (VFA), estimated by computed tomography (CT), is reportedly associated with surgical site infection (SSI) in patients who undergo gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC). Given that fat distributions vary markedly according to sex, sex-specific definitions of visceral obesity should be applied. This study investigated the optimal sex-specific thresholds for VFA at the L3 level to assess the risk of SSI after gastrectomy.
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- The study assessed the accuracy of different segmentation methods in adaptive radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer, specifically focusing on atlas-based auto-segmentation (ABAS), deformable image registration (DIR), and deep learning auto-segmentation (DLAS).
- Seventeen patients were examined, using various datasets for the segmentation methods, including an atlas of 30 patients for ABAS and a training set of 143 for DLAS.
- Results showed that DIR provided the highest accuracy in delineating organs at risk, while mABAS slightly outperformed standard ABAS; no significant accuracy differences were found between ABAS and DLAS, indicating DIR as the best method overall.
Purpose: Although neuropathological comorbidities, including Alzheimer's disease neuropathological change (AD-NC) and limbic-predominant age-related TAR DNA-binding protein 43encephalopathy neuropathological change (LATE-NC), are associated with medial temporal atrophy in patients with Lewy body disease (LBD), the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived indices remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of MRI-derived indices representing medial temporal atrophy in differentiating between LBD with AD-NC and/or LATE-NC (mixed LBD [mLBD]) and without these comorbidities (pure LBD [pLBD]).
Methods: This study included 24 and 16 patients with pathologically confirmed mLBD and pLBD, respectively.
Article Synopsis
- Glycerophosphocholine (GPC) is a metabolite related to choline in cells and has been considered a potential supplement for brain health, but high choline intake may lead to TMAO production, linked to atherosclerosis.
- This study investigates how GPC is absorbed and metabolized by the intestine, showing that it converts to choline and is transported into cells.
- Researchers highlighted the enzyme Gpcpd1, which regulates this conversion and TMAO levels, with experiments indicating that its absence alters GPC metabolism and lowers TMAO in the bloodstream.
Purpose: Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is widely used to investigate white matter (WM) atrophy in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). In contrast to high-resolution 3D T1-weighted imaging such as magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequences, the utility of other 3D sequences has not been sufficiently evaluated. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of using a 3D fast low-angle shot sequence captured as a localizer image (L3DFLASH) for VBM analysis of WM atrophy patterns in patients with PSP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study aimed to evaluate if combining low muscle mass with additional body composition abnormalities, such as myosteatosis or adiposity, could improve survival prediction accuracy in a large cohort of gastrointestinal and genitourinary malignancies.
Methods: In total, 2015 patients with surgically-treated gastrointestinal or genitourinary cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Skeletal muscle index, skeletal muscle radiodensity, and visceral/subcutaneous adipose tissue index were determined.
Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the optimal isodose line (IDL) in linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiotherapy for single brain metastasis, using HyperArc. We compared the dosimetric parameters for target and normal brain tissue among six plans with different IDLs.
Methods: This study included 30 patients with single brain metastasis.
Article Synopsis
- A portable respiratory training system called the Gyroscope Respiratory Training System (GRTS) was developed to assess the feasibility of respiratory training.
- The study involved comparing respiratory waveforms from patients using GRTS and another system, the Respiratory Gating for Scanners (RGSC), to evaluate the stability and reproducibility of these waveforms during expiratory breath-hold radiation therapy.
- Results showed that GRTS provided similar accuracy to RGSC and effectively reduced variability in respiratory waveforms among patients, indicating its potential as an affordable and functional tool for respiratory training in clinical settings.
Purpose: The quality and bias of annotations by annotators (e.g., radiologists) affect the performance changes in computer-aided detection (CAD) software using machine learning.
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- The study investigates how the distance between the CBCT isocenter and the brain center (DBI) affects image quality in stereotactic irradiation for brain metastasis.
- Using both a phantom study and a patient study, researchers found that greater distances resulted in poorer image quality, particularly in objective measures like contrast-to-noise ratio and artifact levels.
- The findings suggest that aligning the CBCT isocenter with the brain center can enhance image quality and improve patient treatment outcomes.
This study aimed to investigate whether deep-learning reconstruction (DLR) improves interobserver agreement in the evaluation of honeycombing for patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) who underwent high-resolution computed tomography (CT) compared with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR). In this retrospective study, 35 consecutive patients suspected of ILD who underwent CT including the chest region were included. High-resolution CT images of the unilateral lung with DLR and HIR were reconstructed for the right and left lungs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The influence of limbic-predominant age-related TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa encephalopathy neuropathological change (LATE-NC) on structural alterations in argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) have not been documented. This study aimed to investigate the morphological impact of LATE-NC on AGD through voxel-based morphometry (VBM) technique.
Materials And Methods: Fifteen individuals with pathologically verified AGD, comprising 6 with LATE-NC (comorbid AGD [cAGD]) and 9 without LATE-NC (pure AGD [pAGD]), along with 10 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled.
Purpose: Magnetization prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequence is a gold-standard technique for voxel-based morphometry (VBM) because of high spatial resolution and excellent tissue contrast, especially between gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM). Despite its benefits, MPRAGE exhibits distinct challenge for VBM in some patients with neurological disease because of long scan time and motion artifacts. Speedily acquired localizer images may alleviate this problem.
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- - The study investigates the effectiveness of different skeletal muscle index (SMI) definitions in predicting survival rates for Asian patients with gastrointestinal or genitourinary cancers, emphasizing the importance of using appropriate cut-offs for low muscle mass or sarcopenia.
- - Researchers analyzed data from 2,015 patients and found that the Asian-specific definition was better at identifying low muscle mass compared to Caucasian-defined criteria, which classified a significantly larger proportion of patients as having low muscle mass.
- - Results show that all definitions predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), but the Asian-specific definition performed the best, demonstrating improved predictive accuracy for mortality outcomes in the studied cohort.
To explore predictors of the histopathological response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) using dual-energy computed tomography-reconstructed images. This retrospective study divided 40 patients who had undergone preoperative CRT (50-60 Gy in 25 fractions) followed by surgical resection into two groups: the response group (Grades II, III and IV, evaluated from surgical specimens) and the nonresponse group (Grades Ia and Ib). The computed tomography number [in Hounsfield units (HUs)] and iodine concentration (IC) were measured at the locations of the aorta, PC and pancreatic parenchyma (PP) in the contrast-enhanced 4D dual-energy computed tomography images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Due to confusing clinicoradiological features such as amnestic symptoms and hippocampal atrophy in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), antemortem differentiation between FTLD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be challenging. Although asymmetric atrophy of the cerebral peduncle is regarded as a representative imaging finding in some disorders of the FTLD spectrum, the utility of this finding has not been sufficiently evaluated for differentiating between FTLD and AD.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the diagnostic performance of asymmetric cerebral peduncle atrophy on axial magnetic resonance imaging as a simple radiological discriminator between FTLD and AD.
Purpose: The geometric distortion related to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in a diagnostic radiology (MR) and radiotherapy (MR) setup is evaluated, and the dosimetric impact of MR distortion on fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) in patients with brain metastases is simulated.
Materials And Methods: An anthropomorphic skull phantom was scanned using a 1.5‑T MR scanner, and the magnitude of MR distortion was calculated with (MR-DC and MR-DC) and without (MR-nDC and MR-nDC) distortion-correction algorithms.
Background/aim: Angiosarcoma of the scalp (AS) is a rare tumor that has often been treated by total scalp irradiation (TSI). TSI has technical and dosimetric challenges. This study aimed to compare the dosimetric performance of helical tomotherapy (HT) plans with that of HyperArc (HA) plans for TSI in AS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To develop a generative adversarial network (GAN) to quantify COVID-19 pneumonia on chest radiographs automatically.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 50,000 consecutive non-COVID-19 chest CT scans in 2015-2017 for training. Anteroposterior virtual chest, lung, and pneumonia radiographs were generated from whole, segmented lung, and pneumonia pixels from each CT scan.
This study aimed to compare dosimetric parameters for targets and organs at risk (OARs) between volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and automated VMAT (HyperArc, HA) plans in stereotactic radiotherapy for patients with cervical metastatic spine tumors. VMAT plans were generated for 11 metastases using the simultaneous integrated boost technique to deliver 35 to 40 and 20 to 25 Gy for high dose and elective dose planning target volume (PTVHD and PTVED), respectively. The HA plans were retrospectively generated using 1 coplanar and 2 noncoplanar arcs.
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- This study compares different techniques of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for treating patients with two brain metastases, focusing on single-isocentric (SIC) and multi-isocentric (MIC) plans.
- The researchers conducted a retrospective analysis on 58 patients, assessing how these plans handle rotational errors during treatment, particularly regarding the distances from the tumor surface.
- Results indicated that MIC plans better spare surrounding brain tissue for larger tumor surface distances (TSD > 6.6 cm), while SIC plans excelled in conformity for smaller TSD, highlighting the strengths of each technique based on specific clinical scenarios.
Background: Due to clinicoradiological similarities, including amnestic cognitive impairment and limbic atrophy, differentiation of argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) from Alzheimer's disease (AD) is often challenging. Minimally invasive biomarkers, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are valuable in routine clinical practice. Although it is necessary to explore radiological clues, morphometry analyses using new automated analytical methods, including whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM), have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with pathologically confirmed AGD and AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of deep-learning reconstruction (DLR) on the detailed evaluation of solitary lung nodule using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) compared with hybrid iterative reconstruction (hybrid IR).
Methods: This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board and included 68 consecutive patients (mean ± SD age, 70.1 ± 12.