Zonation of the Vitis vinifera microbiome in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano PDO production area.

The microbial dimension of the terroir is crucial for wine quality, as microbiomes contribute to plant biofertilization, stress tolerance and pathogen suppression. While microbial terroir can act as a biological signature at large scale, data for local contexts is lacking, hindering the characterization of regional microbial diversity in vineyards. Here, we define the microbial terroir of vineyards across the 12 sub-areas (Additional Geographic Units -AGUs) of the "Consorzio del Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG" PDO area (Italy), a world-renowned wine-producing region.

Sulfated Bile Acids in Serum as Potential Biomarkers of Disease Severity and Mortality in COVID-19.

The fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues. Since the pandemic's onset, several biomarkers have been proposed to assess the diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. This research aimed to identify potential disease severity biomarkers in serum samples of patients with COVID-19 during the disease course.

The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) gut microbiome, seasonal dynamics, and potential application in lignocellulose bioconversion.

Aiming to shed light on the biology of wild ruminants, we investigated the gut microbiome seasonal dynamics of the Alpine ibex () from the Central Italian Alps. Feces were collected in spring, summer, and autumn during non-invasive sampling campaigns. Samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, shotgun metagenomics, as well as targeted and untargeted metabolomics.

Metabolic Bile Acid Profile Impairments in Dogs Affected by Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy.

Bile acids (BAs), endogenous acidic steroids synthetized from cholesterol in the liver, play a key role in the gut-liver axis physiopathology, including in hepatotoxicity, intestinal inflammatory processes, and cholesterol homeostasis. Faecal Oxo-BAs, relatively stable intermediates of oxidation/epimerization reactions of the BA hydroxyls, could be relevant to investigating the crosstalk in the liver-gut axis and the relationship between diseases and alterations in microbiota composition. A paucity of information currently exists on faecal BA profiles in dogs with and without chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE).

Disruption of the microbiota-gut-brain axis is a defining characteristic of the α-Gal A (-/0) mouse model of Fabry disease.

Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked metabolic disease caused by a deficiency in α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) activity. This causes accumulation of glycosphingolipids, especially globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), in different cells and organs. Neuropathic pain and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and early satiety, are the most frequent symptoms reported by FD patients and severely affect their quality of life.

Extraction method for the multiresidue analysis of legacy and emerging pollutants in marine mussels from the Adriatic Sea.

The release of hazardous chemicals into aquatic environments has long been a known problem, but its full impact has only recently been realized. This study presents a validated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for detecting pharmaceutical and pesticide residues in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). An innovative MS-compatible extraction method was developed and validated, demonstrating successful recovery rates for analytes at three different concentration levels (25-95%).

Seasonal dynamics of the microbiome-host response to pharmaceuticals and pesticides in Mytilus galloprovincialis farmed in the Northwestern Adriatic Sea.

Marine mussels, especially Mytilus galloprovincialis, are well-established sentinel species, being naturally resistant to the exposure to multiple xenobiotics of natural and anthropogenic origin. Even if the response to multiple xenobiotic exposure is well known at the host level, the role of the mussel-associated microbiome in the animal response to environmental pollution is poorly explored, despite its potential in xenobiotic detoxification and its important role in host development, protection, and adaptation. Here, we characterized the microbiome-host integrative response of M.

Determination of Free Amino Acids in Milk, Colostrum and Plasma of Swine via Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence and UV Detection.

Amino acids are ubiquitous components of mammalian milk and greatly contribute to its nutritional value. The compositional analysis of free amino acids is poorly reported in the literature even though their determination in the biological fluids of livestock animals is necessary to establish possible nutritional interventions. In the present study, the free amino acid profiles in mature swine milk, colostrum and plasma were assessed using a targeted metabolomics approach.

Analysis of fecal bile acids and metabolites by high resolution mass spectrometry in farm animals and correlation with microbiota.

There is a growing interest in the named "acidic sterolbiome" and in the genetic potential of the gut microbiome (GM) to modify bile acid (BA) structure. Indeed, the qualitative composition of BAs in feces correlates with the bowel microorganisms and their collective genetic material. GM is responsible for the production of BA metabolites, such as secondary and oxo-BAs.