Combined knee osteoarthritis and diabetes is associated with reduced muscle strength, physical inactivity, and poorer quality of life.

Objective: This study delves into the intriguing connection between knee osteoarthritis and diabetes in Malaysia. Specifically, the exacerbation of knee osteoarthritis in the presence of diabetes in terms of symptoms, physical performance, physical activity, psychological status, social participation, and quality of life was discussed.

Design: This cross-sectional study recruited adults aged 50 and above by convenient sampling and grouped them into: knee osteoarthritis-diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis+diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis-diabetes+, and knee osteoarthritis+diabetes+.

H NMR-metabolomics studies on acute toxicity effect of lead in adult zebrafish () model.

Zebrafish () is ideal for studying the effects of toxins like lead or plumbum (Pb) which persist in the environment and harm body systems when absorbed. Increasing Pb concentration could result in a higher mortality rate and alteration of behavior and metabolism. The present study evaluates the acute toxicity effect of Pb on metabolome and behavior in adult zebrafish.

Comparative proteome analysis revealed potential biomarkers and the underlying immune mechanisms in Vibrio-resistant hybrid grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂.

Vibrio alginolyticus is the causative agent of vibriosis, a common bacterial infection in grouper aquaculture that is associated with the development of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ulcerations on the fish. In the present study, comparative proteome analysis was performed on serum samples from Vibrio-resistant and Vibrio-susceptible grouper. Samples were analysed using high-throughput LC-MS/MS and identified 2770 unique peptides that corresponded to 344 proteins.

Dietary supplementation of improves the immunity of Asian seabass, (Bloch, 1790) against infection.

Aquaculture plays a significant role in the overall fish production in Malaysia, contributing a substantial quantity of food-fish amounting to roughly 573,683 tonnes with an estimated economic value of US$860 million in 2022. However, diseases have become a significant limitation for aquaculture production. Therefore, herbal immunostimulant has been considered a natural and practical approach of preventing disease infection in fish.

Protective effect of Clinacanthus nutans in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity on human kidney cell (PCS-400-010) elucidated by an LCMS-based metabolomics approach.

Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity has been widely reported in numerous studies. The objective of this study is to assess the potential nephroprotective effects of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.

Study on the acute toxicity of sodium taurocholate via zebrafish mortality, behavioral response, and NMR-metabolomics analysis.

Sodium taurocholate (NaT) is a hydrophobic bile salt that exhibits varying toxicity and antimicrobial activity. The accumulation of BSs during their entero-hepatic cycle causes cytotoxicity in the liver and intestine and could also alter the intestinal microbiome leading to various diseases. In this research, the acute toxicity of sodium taurocholate in different concentrations (3000 mg/L, 1500 mg/L, 750 mg/L, 375 mg/L, and 0 mg/L) was investigated on four months old zebrafish by immersion in water for 96 h.

Recent progress on production technologies of food waste-based biochar and its fabrication method as electrode materials in energy storage application.

The abundance of food waste across the globe has called for the mitigation and reduction of these discarded wastes. Herein, the potential of biochar derived from food waste is unquestionable as it provides a sustainable way of utilizing the abundance of available biomass, as well as an effective way of preserving the ecosystem through the reduction of concerning environmental issues. This review focuses on the food waste-based biochar as advanced electrode materials in the energy storage devices.

A Study of the Interaction between Xanthine Oxidase and Its Inhibitors from Using Computational Simulation and Multispectroscopic Methods.

The current therapeutic approach for gout is through the inhibition of the xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme. Allopurinol, a clinically used XO inhibitor, causes many side effects. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between XO and inhibitors identified from by using computational simulation and multispectroscopic methods.

Indonesian Mangrove Leaves Ethanol Extract Is a Potential Super Antioxidant and Anti Methicillin-Resistant Drug.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is an strain that has developed resistance against ß-lactam antibiotics, resulting in a scarcity of a potent cure for treating Staphylococcus infections. In this study, the anti-MRSA and antioxidant activity of the Indonesian mangrove species , , , and were studied. Disk diffusion, DPPH, a brine shrimp lethality test, and total phenolic and flavonoid assays were conducted.

Immunomodulatory effects of Isochrysis galbana incorporated diet on Oreochromis sp. (red hybrid tilapia) via Sera-H NMR metabolomics study.

Tilapia is one of the most common fish species that is intensively produced all over the world. However, significant measures at improving aquaculture health must be taken since disease outbreaks are often encountered in the rapidly developing aquaculture industry. Therefore, the objective of the study was designed to evaluate the metabolite changes in tilapia' sera through H NMR metabolomics in identifying the potential biomarkers responsible for immunomodulatory effect by the indigenous species of Malaysian microalgae Isochrysis galbana (IG).

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics studies on non-organic soybeans versus organic soybeans (Glycine max), and their fermentation by Rhizopus oligosporus.

Background: Soybeans (Glycine max) are high in proteins and isoflavones, which offer many health benefits. It has been suggested that the fermentation process enhances the nutrients in the soybeans. Organic foods are perceived as better than non-organic foods in terms of health benefits, yet little is known about the difference in the phytochemical content that distinguishes the quality of organic soybeans from non-organic soybeans.

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Extract ameliorates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism in acute reserpine-induced stress zebrafish model via H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics approach.

Depression is a common mental disorder that can adversely affect psychosocial function and quality of life. However, the exact aetiology and pathogenesis of depression are still unclear. Stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of depression.

Phenolic content of Terminalia catappa L. leaf and toxicity evaluation on red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.).

Despite the use of Terminalia catappa (TC) leaf by traditional fish farmers around the world to improve the health status of cultured fish, there is a paucity of information on comprehensive metabolite profile and the maximum safe dose of the plant. This study aims at profiling the methanol leaf extract of T. catappa, quantifying total phenolic content (TPC) as well as the total flavonoid content (TFC) and evaluating its acute toxicity on blood, plasma biochemical parameters and histopathology of some vital organs in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.

Synthesis of benzylated amine-substituted xanthone derivatives and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Oxidative stress and its constant companion, inflammation, play a critical part in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic illnesses. The discovery of new multi-targeted drug candidates with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties is deemed necessary. Thus, a series of novel xanthone derivatives with halogenated benzyl (4b-4d, 4f-4h) and methoxylated benzyl groups (4e) attached to the butoxy amine substituent were synthesized in this study.

Metabolomic Approach for Rapid Identification of Antioxidants in Leaves with Liver Protective Potential.

Antioxidants are currently utilized to prevent the occurrence of liver cancer in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. possesses anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties that could be an ideal therapy for liver problems. The objective of this study is to determine the potential antioxidative compounds from the leaves (CNL) and stems (CNS).

Rebaudioside A Enhances LDL Cholesterol Uptake in HepG2 Cells via Suppression of Expression.

Background: Rebaudioside A is one of the major diterpene glycosides found in Stevia had been reported to possess anti-hyperlipidemic effects. In this study, we explore the potential cholesterol-regulating mechanisms of Rebaudioside A in the human hepatoma (HepG2) cell line in comparison with simvastatin.

Methods: Cells were incubated with Rebaudioside A at several concentrations (0-10 µM) to determine the cytotoxicity by the MTT assay.

Preliminary Evaluation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extracted Dabai Pulp Oleoresin as a New Alternative Fat.

There has been growing interest among food scientists in producing a toxin-free fat as an end product with varying physical or nutritional properties of interest to the food industry. Oleoresin is a rich source of bioactive compounds which consumers can easily add to a large variety of food. Dabai () pulp oleoresin (DPL) was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO) extraction, a green extraction technology.

An insight on the future therapeutic application potential of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a native plant to Paraguay. The extracts have been used as a famous sweetening agent, and the bioactive components derived from stevia possess a broad spectrum of therapeutical potential for various illnesses. Among its medicinal benefits are anti-hypertensive, anti-tumorigenic, anti-diabetic, and anti-hyperlipidemia.

Investigation of Andrographolide Effect on Non-Infected Red Blood Cells Using the H-NMR-Based Metabolomics Approach.

Andrographolide (AG) has been shown to have several medicinal and pharmaceutical effects, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-malarial activities. Moreover, studies to assess the pharmacological effect of AG on the metabolic changes of uninfected red blood cells (uRBCs) have not yet been investigated. This study aims to evaluate the pharmacological effects of AG compared to chloroquine (CQ) on the metabolic variations of uRBCs in vitro using a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR)-based metabolomics approach coupled with multivariate data analysis (MVDA).

Clitorienolactones and Isoflavonoids of Roots Alleviate Stress-Like Symptoms in a Reserpine-Induced Zebrafish Model.

has been used in Ayurvedic medicine as a brain stimulant to treat mental illnesses and mental functional disorders. In this study, the metabolite profiles of crude root extract (CTRE), ethyl acetate (EA), and 50% aqueous methanol (50% MeOH) fractions were investigated using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS), while their effect on the stress-like behavior of zebrafish, pharmacologically induced with reserpine, was investigated. A total of 32 compounds were putatively identified, among which, a series of norneolignans, clitorienolactones, and various flavonoids (flavone, flavonol, isoflavone, and isoflavanone) was found to comprise the major constituents, particularly in the EA and 50% MeOH fractions.

Ginger Essential Oils-Loaded Nanoemulsions: Potential Strategy to Manage Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Enhanced Rice Yield.

The bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by pv. () is one of the most serious rice diseases, causing huge yield losses worldwide. Several technologies and approaches have been opted to reduce the damage; however, these have had limited success.

Production and characterization of bamboo-based activated carbon through single-step HPO activation for CO capture.

Bamboo is the fastest-growing plant and is abundant in Malaysia. It is employed as a starting material for activated carbon production and evaluated for its potential in CO capture. A single-stage phosphoric acid (HPO) activation is adopted by varying the concentrations of HPO between 50 and 70 wt.

Multi-Platform Metabolomics Analyses Revealed the Complexity of Serum Metabolites in LPS-Induced Neuroinflammed Rats Treated with Aqueous Extract.

The use of metabolomics as a comprehensive tool in the analysis of metabolic profiles in disease progression and therapeutic intervention is rapidly advancing. Yet, a single analytical platform could not be applied to cover the entire spectrum of a biological sample's metabolome. In the present paper, multi-platform metabolomics approaches were explored to determine the diverse rat sera metabolites extracted from intracerebroventricular lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced neuroinflammed rats treated with oral therapeutic interventions of positive drug (dextromethorphan, 5 mg/kg BW); with Clinacanthus nutans (CN) aqueous extract (CNE, 500 mg/kg BW); and with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as the control group for 14 days.

Complementary Analytical Platforms of NMR Spectroscopy and LCMS Analysis in the Metabolite Profiling of .

This study was designed to profile the metabolites of , an indigenous and less explored microalgae species. H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) were used to establish the metabolite profiles of five different extracts of this microalga, which are hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), absolute ethanol (EtOH), EtOH:water 1:1 (AqE), and 100% water (Aq). Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of the generated profiles revealed that EtOAc and Aq extracts contain a diverse range of metabolites as compared to the other extracts with a total of twenty-one metabolites, comprising carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids, that were putatively identified from the NMR spectra.

Evaluation of Indonesian mangrove Xylocarpus granatum leaves ethyl acetate extract as potential anticancer drug.

Local Xylocarpus granatum leaves were extracted by ethyl acetate solvent and characterized by TLC fingerprinting and 2D H NMR spectroscopy to contain phenolic compounds as well as several organic and amino acids as metabolic byproducts, such as succinic acid and acetic acid. Traces of flavonoids and other non-categorized phenolic compounds exhibited intermediate antioxidant activity (antioxidant IC 84.93 ppm) as well as anticancer activity against HeLa, T47D, and HT-29 cell lines; which the latter being most effective against HT-29 with Fraction 5 contained the strongest activity (anticancer IC 23.