[Bronchoscopic methods in complex diagnosis and treatment of burned patients with inhalation injuries].

Chromobronchoscopy was first used in treatment of 37 burned patients with inhalation injuries for better visual manifestation of the injuries of the tracheobronchial tree mucosa. The trachea and bronchi mucosa was irrigated with a viral stain--0.25% aqueous solution of methylene blue.

[Endoscopic and histological changes in the mucosa of the gastric stump in Helicobacter pylori infection].

Under investigation there were 50 patients with resected stomach at different terms after operations: 37 patients after subtotal resection of the stomach for cancer and 13 patients after resection of 2/3 of the stomach for ulcer disease. The overwhelming majority of the patients with the resected stomach had chronic gastritis of the stump diagnosed endoscopically and histologically. No reliable difference of the endoscopic and histological indices of the state of the gastric stump mucosa was found in relation to the disease which was the cause of resection and to the time since the operation.

[The clinico-endoscopic characteristics of gastric erosions and their relationship to Helicobacter pylori lesions].

Fibrogastroduodenoscopy was carried out in 285 patients. In all cases with gastric erosions chromograstroscopy was done with the purpose of revealing the acid-production function of the stomach. Helicobacter pylori was revealed mainly in patients with "complete" erosions against the background of chronic gastritis B.

[Means of improving the surgical treatment of gastric and duodenal peptic ulcer].

Based upon the experience with the treatment of 2312 patients with ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum the authors analysed the major tasks which must be solved for obtaining better immediate and long-term results of the surgical treatment. In 1880 (81,3%) of the patients with a gastric ulcer and a complicated ulcer of the duodenum the stomach resection gave favorable outcomes in 98,6%. In 432 patients (18,7%) organ-preserving operations were made, in 185 of them it was vagotomy.

[Endoscopic characteristics of focal hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa].

A gastroscopic examination of 58 patients with atrophic gastritis established focal hyperplasia in 3.5% of cases. Endoscopically, focal hyperplasia appeared as flat plaques, tuberosity and short folds.

[Assessment of precancerous states of the esophagus in dynamic observation].

One hundred and thirty six patients with chronic lesions of the esophagus and stomach were observed dynamically for a 5-year period (with the use of fibroesophagogastroscopy). Twelve patients showed the esophageal cancer development: in 7 of 86 patients with chronic esophagitis and in 5 of 15 patients with leukoplakia. A high incidence of leukoplakia transition into cancer allows its being referrred to an obligate precancer of the esophagus.

[Clinical endoscopic criteria of the early forms of esophageal cancer].

An analysis is given of the clinico-endoscopic findings in 1389 patients with esophageal cancer, in 27 of them an early form of cancer was noted. Fibroesophagoscopy is of special importance for early diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Visual examination of the mucous membrane associated with the possibility to obtain the material for histological and cytologic assays makes the technic concerned indispensable for solving the diagnostic difficulties involved.