Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: crystallographic and solution binding studies for the interaction of a boron-containing aromatic sulfamide with mammalian isoforms I-XV.

We investigated the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Combined carotid and cardiac surgery: improving the results.

Background: Aim of this study was to analyze our experience in the last 5 years of combined carotid and cardiac surgery.

Methods: During a 5-year period (January 2002-December 2006), 111 patients underwent combined carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (group 1), while 1,446 patients underwent isolated CEA (group 2). Perioperative outcomes in the two groups were compared using chi(2) and Fisher's exact tests to analyze neurological deficits, cardiac events, and death at 30 days.

Nanoscale enzyme inhibitors: fullerenes inhibit carbonic anhydrase by occluding the active site entrance.

We investigated a series of derivatized fullerenes possessing alcohol, amine, and amino acid pendant groups as inhibitors of the zinc enzymes carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human cytosolic isozymes I and II and transmembrane isozymes IX, XII (cancer-associated) and XIV with 4-substituted 3-pyridinesulfonamides.

A series of novel 4-substituted-3-pyridinesulfonamides (2-27 and 31-33) have been synthesized and investigated as inhibitors of five isoforms of zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Sulfonamide linked neoglycoconjugates--a new class of inhibitors for cancer-associated carbonic anhydrases.

The contribution of membrane-bound carbonic anhydrases (CAs) to hypoxic tumor growth and progression in cancer implicates cancer-associated CAs as a promising drug target for oncology. In this paper, we present a new class of sulfonamide-linked neoglycoconjugate that was designed to selectively target and inhibit the extracellular domains of the cancer-relevant CA isozymes. We describe the application of novel, yet straightforward, chemistry toward the synthesis of inhibitors that comprise both S-glycosyl sulfenamides and S-glycosyl sulfonamides.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of mammalian isoforms I-XIV with a series of natural product polyphenols and phenolic acids.

A series of phenolic acids and phenol natural products, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, quercetin, and ellagic acid, were investigated for their inhibitory effects against the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of transmembrane isoforms IX, XII, and XIV with less investigated anions including trithiocarbonate and dithiocarbamate.

An inhibition study of the transmembrane carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase activators: Activation of the beta-carbonic anhydrase from the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata with amines and amino acids.

The protein encoded by the NCE103 gene of Candida glabrata, a beta-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase activators: activation of the beta-carbonic anhydrases from the pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with amines and amino acids.

The proteins encoded by the Nce103 genes of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans are catalytically active beta-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.

Genetic structure in the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica: disentangling past vicariance events from contemporary patterns of gene flow.

The Mediterranean Sea is a two-basin system, with the boundary zone restricted to the Strait of Sicily and the narrow Strait of Messina. Two main population groups are recognized in the Mediterranean endemic seagrass Posidonia oceanica, corresponding to the Western and the Eastern basins. To address the nature of the East-West cleavage in P.

The coumarin-binding site in carbonic anhydrase accommodates structurally diverse inhibitors: the antiepileptic lacosamide as an example and lead molecule for novel classes of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

Coumarins constitute a general and totally new class of inhibitors of the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Identification of selective inhibitors of the human mitochondrial isozymes VA and VB over the cytosolic isozymes I and II from a natural product-based phenolic library.

We have investigated the enzyme inhibition characteristics of a natural product (NP)-based phenolic library against a panel of human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs, EC 4.2.1.

Alternative hybrid reconstruction for bilateral common and internal iliac artery aneurysms associated with external iliac artery occlusion.

Purpose: To describe an alternative reconstruction for bilateral common (CIA) and internal (IIA) iliac artery aneurysms associated with external iliac artery (EIA) occlusion in a patient unfit for open surgery.

Case Report: A high-risk 81-year-old man presented with contained rupture of a left CIA aneurysm in the presence of bilateral CIA and IIA aneurysms associated with complete occlusion of the left EIA and normal patency of both common femoral arteries. In an emergent procedure, the left EIA was recanalized subintimally, and the right IIA was embolized with a 14-mm Amplatzer Plug.

S-glycosyl primary sulfonamides--a new structural class for selective inhibition of cancer-associated carbonic anhydrases.

In this paper, we present a new class of carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor that was designed to selectively target the extracellular domains of the cancer-relevant CA isozymes. The aromatic moiety of the classical zinc binding sulfonamide CA inhibitors is absent from these compounds and instead they incorporate a hydrophilic mono- or disaccharide fragment directly attached to the sulfonamide group to give S-glycosyl primary sulfonamides (1-10). The inhibition properties of these compounds at the physiologically abundant human CA isozymes I and II and cancer-associated IX and XII were determined, and all compounds had moderate potency with K(i)s in the micromolar range.

Carotid endarterectomy in female patients.

Objectives: To evaluate early and late results of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in female patients in a large single center experience.

Methods: Over a 12-year period ending in December 2007, 4009 consecutive primary and secondary CEAs in 3324 patients were performed at our institution. All patients were prospectively enrolled in a dedicated database containing pre-, intra-, and postoperative parameters.

The proteoglycan region of the tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoform IX acts as anintrinsic buffer optimizing CO2 hydration at acidic pH values characteristic of solid tumors.

The enzymatic activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Comparison of aliphatic sulfamate/bis-sulfamate adducts with isozymes II and IX as a platform for designing tight-binding, more isoform-selective inhibitors.

Two approaches were used to design inhibitors of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Sildenafil is a strong activator of mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms I-XIV.

Sildenafil citrate, a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor widely used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction was investigated for its interaction with the zinc-enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors; fluorinated phenyl sulfamates show strong inhibitory activity and selectivity for the inhibition of the tumor-associated isozymes IX and XII over the cytosolic ones I and II.

A series of fluorinated-phenylsulfamates have been prepared by sulfamoylation of the corresponding phenols and the inhibition of four physiologically relevant carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of the beta-class enzyme from the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata with anions.

A beta-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides incorporating phenacetyl, pyridylacetyl and thienylacetyl tails act as potent inhibitors of human mitochondrial isoforms VA and VB.

A series of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides incorporating phenyl(alkyl), halogenosubstituted-phenyl- or 1,3,4-thiadiazole-sulfonamide moieties and thienylacetamido; phenacetamido and pyridinylacetamido tails were prepared and assayed as inhibitors of four physiologically relevant carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

The protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib and nilotinib strongly inhibit several mammalian alpha-carbonic anhydrase isoforms.

The protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are essential enzymes in cellular signaling processes that regulate cell growth, differentiation, migration and metabolism. Their inhibition was recently shown to constitute a new modality for treating cancers. Two clinically used PTK inhibitors (PTKIs), imatinib (Glivec/Gleevec) and nilotinib (Tasigna) were investigated for their effects on the zinc enzymes carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition studies of a coral secretory isoform by sulfonamides.

The inhibition of a newly cloned coral carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.

Carbonic anhydrase activators. Activation of the membrane-associated isoform XV with amino acids and amines.

An activation study of the membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.