In Vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties of Various Extracts.

Although is a plant widely used in traditional medicine in sub-Saharan Africa, its biological properties have been poorly investigated to date. We first characterized by conventional reactions the composition of several stem bark extracts and evaluated in acellular and cellular assays their pro- or antioxidant properties supported by their high phenolic and flavonoid content, particularly with the methanolic extract. The pro- or antioxidant effects observed did not correlate with their IC concentrations against five cancer cell lines determined by MTT assay.

Systematic Review of Potential Anticancerous Activities of .

The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the substances isolated from the African medicinal plant focusing on compounds harboring activities against cancer models detailed in depth herein at both in vitro and in vivo preclinical levels. The review was conducted through Pubmed and Google Scholar. Nineteen out of the forty-two secondary metabolites isolated to date from displayed interesting in vitro and/or in vivo antitumor activities.

Pharmacological Evaluation of the Bronchorelaxant Effect of L. (Malvaceae) Extracts on Rat Trachea.

L. (Malvaceae) is a plant used in Burkina Faso for the treatment of various ailments including asthma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pharmacological relaxant effect of the leafy stem extracts of and thereby verify claim of use in treating asthma.

Countrywide Survey of Plants Used for Liver Disease Management by Traditional Healers in Burkina Faso.

Liver disease is highly prevalent in Africa, especially in the western African country Burkina Faso, due to the presence of multiple biological and chemical aggressors of the liver. Furthermore, diagnosis and appropriate care for liver disease are uneven and usually insufficient. This drives local communities to turn to folk medicine based on medicinal plants from healers.

Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Engl. and K. Krause (Anacardiaceae) Trunk Barks Corrects Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Endothelial Dysfunction in Mice.

Traditional remedies prepared from leaves, barks, roots, and fruits are used to treat many diseases including hypertension. This study investigated whether oral administration of the ethyl acetate fraction of trunk barks (LMAE) corrects angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension in mice. Its effects on vascular function were specifically investigated.

Antioxidant activity of crude ethanolic extract and fractions of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Rhamnaceae) leaves from Burkina Faso.

Background Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. is a plant used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso in the treatment of several diseases, of which diabetes is characterized by oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant potential of the extracts of leaves of this plant.

[Prevalence and adverse effects of antihypertensive agents in patients followed up on an ambulatory basis at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo].

Medicinal treatment of arterial hypertension (AH) may cause adverse effects which can be annoying and thus influence patient's compliance with treatment. Our study focused on these undesirable effects in patients followed up for AH on an ambulatory basis in the Department of Cardiology at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo from July to September 2015. Our aim was to determine their rates and their characteristics.

An aqueous extract of the Anogeissus leiocarpus bark (AEAL) induces the endothelium-dependent relaxation of porcine coronary artery rings involving predominantly nitric oxide.

Background: Anogeissus leiocarpus is a Sahel tree traditionally used by the residents of Burkina Faso for its antihypertensive properties. In this study, experiments were conducted to evaluate whether an aqueous extract of the Anogeissus leiocarpus (AEAL) trunk bark induces a vasorelaxant effect on porcine coronary artery rings and to investigate the underlying mechanism.

Methods: AEAL-induced relaxations were assessed using porcine coronary artery rings suspended in organ chambers.

[Adverse effects of antimalarial drugs spontaneously reported to pharmacovigilance national center in Burkina Faso: descriptive study and factors associated].

Aim: To study spontaneous reporting of adverse effects of antimalarial drugs sent to pharmacovigilance national center.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore spontaneous reporting of adverse effects of antimalarial drugs sent to pharmacovigilance center from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2013.

Results: In total 104 spontaneous reporting forms regarding antimalarial drugs were analysed.

Cytotoxic, Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of 5-Hydroxyl-6,7,3',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavone Isolated from Lantana ukambensis.

Lantana ukambensis (Vatke) Verdc. is an African food and medicinal plant. Its red fruits are eaten and highly appreciated by the rural population.

Study of antisickling and vasorelaxant activities and acute toxicity assessment of crude extracts of leaves of Ficus sycomorus L. (Moraceae).

The leaves of Ficus sycomorus are used in Burkina Faso folk medicine for the treatment of sickle cell disease. The present comparative study of crude extracts of leaves (decoction, macerated extract and a 95% ethanol extract) was performed with the aim to assess the efficiency of this traditional use and to determine the most active of the three extracts. Antisickling activity was assessed by the Emmel's test.

Prevalence and factors associated with self-medication in rheumatology in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Objective: We sought to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with self-medication in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Material And Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from February to July 2013 in the rheumatology department. We included all patients who consulted for a rheumatic disease during the study period and who gave their consent.

Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants among Dozo hunters: an ethnobotanical survey in Niamberla village, Burkina Faso.

Objectives: This investigation aims to provide a database of Dozo traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used for the treatment of common diseases.

Design: The study was conducted through individual interviews using a survey form. Data were recorded in a database allowing statistical analysis.

Evaluation of Antiradical and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ethyl Acetate and Butanolic Subfractions of Agelanthus dodoneifolius (DC.) Polhill & Wiens (Loranthaceae) Using Equine Myeloperoxidase and Both PMA-Activated Neutrophils and HL-60 Cells.

The ethyl acetate and n-butanolic subfractions of Agelanthus dodoneifolius were investigated for their antioxidant and antimyeloperoxidase (MPO) activities. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was assessed by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) and dichlorofluorescein- (DCF-) induced fluorescence techniques from phorbol myristate acetate- (PMA-) stimulated equine neutrophils and human myeloid cell line HL-60, respectively. In parallel, the effects of the tested subfractions were evaluated on the total MPO release by stimulated neutrophils and on the specific MPO activity by means of immunological assays.

STAT3 Serine 727 Phosphorylation: A Relevant Target to Radiosensitize Human Glioblastoma.

Radiotherapy is an essential component of glioma standard treatment. Glioblastomas (GBM), however, display an important radioresistance leading to tumor recurrence. To improve patient prognosis, there is a need to radiosensitize GBM cells and to circumvent the mechanisms of resistance caused by interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment.

An overview of cancer chemopreventive potential and safety of proanthocyanidins.

Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. Over two-thirds of cancer-related deaths could most probably be prevented through lifestyle modification, particularly through dietary means. Proanthocyanidins (PAs), the most abundant polyphenolic substances after lignin in the plant kingdom, have been widely investigated for their chemopreventive potential.

Modulatory activities of Agelanthus dodoneifolius (Loranthaceae) extracts on stimulated equine neutrophils and myeloperoxidase activity.

Agelanthus dodoneifolius DC Danser (Loranthaceae) is used for the treatment of various diseases including asthma. The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts have been reported to have anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic and bronchorelaxant activities. The present study investigates the effects of the aqueous decoction and the diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and butanolic fractions of Agelanthus dodoneifolius DC Danser (Loranthaceae) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated equine neutrophils and on purified equine MPO activity.

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of Lepidagathis anobrya Nees (Acanthaceae).

This study investigated the general acute, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of methanol extract of Lepidagathis anobrya Nees (Acanthaceae). Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and croton oil-induced ear edema in rats were used for the evaluation of general acute anti-inflammatory effects. Acetic acid-induced writhing response and yeast-induced hyperpyrexia in mice were used to evaluate the analgesic and antipyretic activities respectively.

A new strategy to improve the cost-effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis testing of blood donations in sub-Saharan Africa: a pilot study in Burkina Faso.

Background: In Africa where blood-borne agents are highly prevalent, cheaper and feasible alternative strategies for blood donations testing are specifically required.

Study Design And Methods: From May to August 2002, 500 blood donations from Burkina Faso were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) according to two distinct strategies. The first strategy was a conventional simultaneous screening of these four blood-borne infectious agents on each blood donation by using single-marker assays.

[Traditional medicine in kidney diseases in Burkina Faso].

Kidney diseases are becoming public health problem worldwide, particularly in Africa. Kidney symptoms are frequent in African population witch have recourse to traditional medicine for primary cares. For a better knowledge of medicinal plants used for the treatment of kidney symptoms, we conducted a prospective study from January to March 2007 to collect the opinion of traditional healers in the area of three towns (Ouagadougou, Ziniare, Fada NGourma) of Burkina Faso.

Monoolein-water liquid crystalline gels of gentamicin as bioresorbable implants for the local treatment of chronic osteomyelitis: in vitro characterization.

To maximize the efficacy of chronic osteomyelitis antibiotherapy while reducing antibiotic systemic toxicity, as well as time and costs of hospitalizations, it has been thought that monoolein-water gels incorporating gentamicin sulfate could be used as local, bioresorbable,and sustained-release implants. For this purpose, four formulations were examined with regard to their physicochemical and in vitro drug release characteristics. Hot stage microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),and X-ray diffraction showed cubic liquid crystalline and eutectic structures.

Structure elucidation of a dihydropyranone from Tapinanthus dodoneifolius.

A new dihydropyranone, ( R)-6-[( S)-2-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butyl]-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one ( 1), was isolated from Tapinanthus dodoneifolius. The structure was determined from spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 1 (named dodoneine) showed a relaxing effect on preconstricted rat aortic rings (IC 50 of 81.

[Medical emergencies in the Yalgado Ouedraogo national hospital of Ouagadougou: patients' profile and assessment of care practices].

The Emergency Department, the showcase of the hospital, must be functional at all times with sufficient resources for looking after the patients without delay. In the Medical Emergency Department of the Yalgado Ouedraogo national hospital of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), problems such as delays and difficulties to obtain medicine, give rise to conflicts thus causing the hospital to be a target for public criticism. The aim of this study is to establish the profile of the patients and to assess how they are taken care of.

[Hospital staff use of generic essential drugs: the case of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Centre (Burkina Faso)].

With the institution of the primary health care strategy in 1978 and the devaluation of the CFA franc in 1994 the French-speaking countries of Africa are striving to encourage the prescription of generic essential drugs. However, their prescription rates continue to remain low in these countries, especially in the major hospitals. The aim of this study was thus to determine how prescribers at the national hospital in Ouagadougou were informed about genetric drugs and to analyse their attitudes and practices with a view to elucidating the barriers to a more widespread use of generic essential drugs in hospital practice.