Changes in the transcriptional activity of the entero-insular axis genes in streptozotocin-induced diabetes and after the administration of TNF-α non-selective blockers.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the transcriptional activity of the GLP-1R, DPP-4, SGLT-1, INSR, and IGF-1R genes in GALT cells of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in both untreated and treated with pentoxifylline, as a non-specific blocker of TNF-α.

Methods: The expression of GLP-1R, DPP-4, SGLT-1, INSR, and IGF-1R genes in GALT cells of rats was studied by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results: It was shown that the development of diabetes was accompanied by the decrease of GLP-1R and an increase of DPP-4 genes expression in rat ileum.

Nerve impulse transmission pathway-focused genes expression analysis in patients with primary hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis.

Objective: Thyroid hormones have important actions in the adult brain. They regulate genes expression in myelination, differentiation of neuronal and glial cells, and neuronal viability and function.

Methods: We used the pathway-specific real-time PCR array (Neurotrophins and Receptors RT2 Profiler PCR Array, QIAGEN, Germany) to identify and verify nerve impulse transmission pathway-focused genes expression in peripheral white blood cells of patients with postoperative hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism as a result of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and AIT with elevated serum an anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies.