Prevention and Treatment of Oral Complications in Hematologic Childhood Cancer Patients: An Update.

Cancers have a highly negative impact on the quality of life of paediatric patients and require an individualised oral treatment program for the phases of the disease. The aim of this study was to update existing research on oral care in children diagnosed with cancer. We carried out a literature search (in English, Spanish and Portuguese) in the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, WOS, SciELO, Lilacs, ProQuest, and SCOPUS databases and the websites of hospitals that treat childhood cancers.

Zn-containing Adhesives Facilitate Collagen Protection and Remineralization at the Resin-Dentin Interface: A Narrative Review.

This is a narrative review of the literature assessing the potential effectiveness of doping dentin polymeric adhesives with zinc compounds in order to improve bonding efficacy, remineralization and protection against degradation. A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, DIMDI and Web of Science. Through our search, we found literature demonstrating that Zn-doped dentin adhesives promote protection and remineralization of the resin-dentin interfaces.

Effects of Fluoride and Calcium Phosphate-Based Varnishes in Children at High Risk of Tooth Decay: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the application of two varnishes-MI Varnish (5% sodium fluoride with CPP-ACP) and Clinpro White Varnish (5% sodium fluoride with fTCP)-applied every three months in children with high caries risk for 12 months on plaque indexes, salivary pH, salivary lactic acid and chemical elements concentrations.

Methods: We included 58 children aged 4-12 years, assigned to control (placebo), Clinpro and MI groups. Baseline and three-month saliva samples were taken.

Mild acids facilitate functional dentin remineralization under thermo-mechanical stimuli.

Purpose: To evaluate if mechanical and thermal cycling promote remineralization at the resin-dentin interface after bonding with three different adhesive approaches.

Methods: Dentin surfaces were subjected to three different treatments: demineralization (1) by 37% phosphoric acid followed by application of an etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive Single Bond (Adper Single Bond) (SB); (2) by 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by SB; (3) application of a self-etch dentin adhesive: Clearfil-SEB (Clearfil SE Bond).

Zn-containing polymer nanogels promote cervical dentin remineralization.

Objective: Nanogels designing for effective treatment of eroded cervical dentin lesions.

Materials And Methods: Polymethylmetacrylate-based nanoparticles (NPs) were doxycycline (D), calcium, or zinc loaded. They were applied on eroded cervical dentin.

In vitro mechanical stimulation facilitates stress dissipation and sealing ability at the conventional glass ionomer cement-dentin interface.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the induced changes in the chemical and mechanical performance at the glass-ionomer cement-dentin interface after mechanical load application.

Methods: A conventional glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Ketac Bond), and a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC) (Vitrebond Plus) were used. Bonded interfaces were stored in simulated body fluid, and then tested or submitted to the mechanical loading challenge.

A zinc chloride-doped adhesive facilitates sealing at the dentin interface: A confocal laser microscopy study.

The aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of Zn-doping of dental adhesives and mechanical load cycling on the micromorphology of the resin-dentin interdiffusion zone (of sound and caries affected dentin). The investigation considered two different Zn-doped adhesive approaches and evaluated the interface using a doubled dye fluorescent technique and a calcium chelator fluorophore under a confocal laser scanning microscopy. Sound and carious dentin-resin interfaces of unloaded specimens were deficiently resin-hybridized, in general.

Oral Function Improves Interfacial Integrity and Sealing Ability Between Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements and Dentin.

The aim of this study was to investigate if load cycling affects interfacial integrity of glass ionomer cements bonded to sound- or caries-affected dentin. A conventional glass ionomer, Ketac Bond, and a resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitrebond Plus), were applied to dentin. Half of the specimens were load cycled.

Zinc-modified nanopolymers improve the quality of resin-dentin bonded interfaces.

Introduction: Demineralized collagen fibers at the hybrid layer are susceptible to degradation. Remineralization may aid to improve bond longevity.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to infiltrate zinc and calcium-loaded polymeric nanoparticles into demineralized dentin to facilitate hybrid layer remineralization.

Effect of zinc-doping in physicochemical properties of dental adhesives.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in the physicochemical properties, water sorption (WS), solubility (SO), modulus of elasticity (E), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and microhardness (MH) tests were undertaken in zinc-doped dental adhesives.

Methods: Two bonding resins, Adper Single Bond Plus (SB) and Clearfil SE Bond (SEB), were zinc-doped by mixing them with 5, 10 or 20 wt% of ZnO powder, or with 1 or 2 wt% ZnCl2. Resin disks were made of each adhesive blend for the evaluation of WS, SO, and MH, and dumbbell-shaped specimens were prepared for E and UTS testing.

On modeling and nanoanalysis of caries-affected dentin surfaces restored with Zn-containing amalgam and in vitro oral function.

The aim of this research was to assess the influence of mechanical loading on the ability of Zn-free versus Zn-containing amalgams to promote remineralization at the dentin interface. Sound and caries-affected dentin surfaces (CAD) were restored using Zn-free or Zn-containing dental amalgams. Midcoronal dentin surfaces were studied by (1) atomic force microscopy analysis (including plot and phase imaging, nanoindentation test [modulus of Young (Ei), nanoroughness measurements, and fibril diameter assessment], (2) Raman spectroscopy/cluster analysis, (3) x-ray diffraction, (4) field emission electron microscope and energy-dispersive analysis, for morphological, mechanical, and physicochemical characterization.

Improved Sealing and Remineralization at the Resin-Dentin Interface After Phosphoric Acid Etching and Load Cycling.

The purpose of this study was to investigate micro-morphology of the resin-dentin inter-diffusion zone using two different single-bottle self-etching dentin adhesives with and without previous acid-etching, after in vitro mechanical loading stimuli. Extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain dentin surfaces. Two different single-bottle self-etching dentin adhesives, Futurabond U and Experimental both from VOCO, were applied following the manufacturer's instructions or after 37% phosphoric acid application.

Nanoscopic dynamic mechanical analysis of resin-infiltrated dentine, under in vitro chewing and bruxism events.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the induced changes in mechanical behavior and bonding capability of resin-infiltrated dentine interfaces, after application of mechanical stimuli. Dentine surfaces were subjected to partial demineralization through 37% phosphoric acid etching followed by the application of an etch-and-rinse dentine adhesive, Single Bond (3M/ESPE). Bonded interfaces were stored in simulated body fluid during 24h, and then tested or submitted to the mechanical loading challenge.

Self-etching zinc-doped adhesives improve the potential of caries-affected dentin to be functionally remineralized.

The aim of this study was to evaluate if mechanical cycling influences bioactivity at the resin-carious dentin interface after bonding with Zn-doped self-etching adhesives. Caries-affected dentin surfaces were bonded with: Clearfil SE bond (SEB), and 10 wt. % ZnO nanoparticles or 2 wt.

Functional and molecular structural analysis of dentine interfaces promoted by a Zn-doped self-etching adhesive and an in vitro load cycling model.

The aim of this study was to evaluate if mechanical cycling influences bioactivity and bond strength of resin-dentine interface after bonding with Zn-doped self-etching adhesives. Sound dentine surfaces were bonded with Clearfil SE Bond (SEB), 10 wt% ZnO microparticles or 2 wt% ZnCl2 were added into the SEB primer (P) or bonding (Bd) for Zn-doping. Bonded interfaces were stored in simulated body fluid (24h), and then tested or submitted to mechanical loading.

Mechanical and chemical characterisation of demineralised human dentine after amalgam restorations.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of Zn-free vs Zn-containing amalgams to induce remineralisation at the dentine interface.

Methodology: Sound and caries-affected dentine surfaces (CAD) were subjected to both Zn-free and Zn-containing dental amalgam restorations. Dentine surfaces were studied by nano-indentation, Raman spectroscopy/cluster analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron microscope (FESEM) and energy-dispersive analysis (EDX), for mechanical, morphological and chemical characterisation.

Bond strength and bioactivity of Zn-doped dental adhesives promoted by load cycling.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate if mechanical loading influences bioactivity and bond strength at the resin-dentin interface after bonding with Zn-doped etch-and-rinse adhesives. Dentin surfaces were subjected to demineralization by 37% phosphoric acid (PA) or 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).

Effect of in vitro chewing and bruxism events on remineralization, at the resin-dentin interface.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate if different in vitro functional and parafunctional habits promote mineralization at the resin-dentin interface after bonding with three different adhesive approaches. Dentin surfaces were subjected to distinct treatments: demineralization by (1) 37% phosphoric acid (PA) followed by application of an etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive, Single Bond (SB) (PA+SB); (2) 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by SB (EDTA+SB); (3) application of a self-etch dentin adhesive, Clearfil SE Bond (SEB).

Masticatory function induced changes, at subnanostructural level, in proteins and mineral at the resin-dentine interface.

Objective: This study evaluated the ability of different in vitro mechanical loading tests to promote new mineral formation at the bonded dentine interfaces created with a two-step self-etching resin adhesive.

Methodology: Restored teeth were divided in the following groups: (1) unloaded, load cycling with (2) sine waveform, (3) square waveform, and hold waveform for (4) 24h, and (5) 72 h. Raman spectroscopy and cluster analysis were used to assess the resin-dentine interface.

Microanalysis of thermal-induced changes at the resin-dentin interface.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of two dentin adhesive systems to induce remineralization in the bonded dentin interface after in vitro thermo-cycling. Dentin surfaces were treated with two different adhesive approaches: (1) 37% phosphoric acid (PA) plus an "etch-and-rinse" dentin adhesive (single bond, SB) (PA+SB) or (2) application of a "self-etch" dentin adhesive (Clearfil SE bond, SEB). Three groups were established: (i) 24 h or (ii) 3 m storage, and (iii) specimens submitted to thermal cycling (100,000 cy/5 and 55ºC).

Remineralization of mechanical loaded resin-dentin interface: a transitional and synchronized multistep process.

This study evaluated the ability of different in vitro mechanical loading tests to promote new mineral formation at bonded dentin interfaces. This research demonstrated a sequential transition in the dentin remineralizing procedure through the analysis of the mineral and matrix gradients. Mechanical loading in phosphoric acid (PA)-treated samples promoted a generalized increases in relative presence of minerals, crystallinity, ratio of phosphate peaks and a decrease in the gradient of mineral content.

Load cycling enhances bioactivity at the resin-dentin interface.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if mechanical loading promotes bioactivity at the resin interface after bonding with three different adhesive approaches.

Methods: Dentin surfaces were subjected to three different treatments: demineralisation by (1) 37% phosphoric acid (PA) followed by application of an etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive Single Bond (SB) (PA+SB), (2) by 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by SB (EDTA+SB), (3) application of a self-etch dentin adhesive: Clearfil SE Bond (SEB).

Early dentine remineralisation: morpho-mechanical assessment.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate some physical-mechanical and morphological changes of demineralised dentine at early stages of dentine remineralisation.

Methods: Extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain dentine discs. After polishing the dentine surfaces, three groups were established: (1) untreated dentine - UD, (2) 37% phosphoric acid application for 15s (partially demineralised dentine - PDD) and (3) 10% phosphoric acid for 12h, at 25°C (totally demineralised dentine - TDD).

Bioactivity of zinc-doped dental adhesives.

Unlabelled: Design of restorative materials should be focused on promoting not only adhesion but also dentine self-repair processes.

Objective: To ascertain if ZnO and ZnCl2-doped resins are materials able to induce calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) deposition.

Methods: 48 resin disks were prepared with the following materials: (1) single bond -3M/ESPE-, (2) single bond+ZnO particles 20wt% and (3) single bond+ZnCl2 2wt%.