Morphological Diversity of Calretinin Interneurons Generated From Adult Mouse Olfactory Bulb Core Neural Stem Cells.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the olfactory bulb (OB) core can generate mature interneurons in the adult mice brain. The vast majority of these adult generated cells express the calcium-binding protein Calretinin (CalR), and they migrate towards different OB layers. However, these cells have yet to be fully characterized and hence, to achieve this we injected retroviral particles expressing GFP into the OB core of adult animals and found that the CalR neurons generated from NSCs mainly migrate to the granule cell layer (GCL) and glomerular layer (GL) in similar proportions.

The Orphan Nuclear Receptor TLX Represses Hes1 Expression, Thereby Affecting NOTCH Signaling and Lineage Progression in the Adult SEZ.

In the adult subependymal zone (SEZ), neural stem cells (NSCs) apically contacting the lateral ventricle on activation generate progenitors proliferating at the niche basal side. We here show that Tailless (TLX) coordinates NSC activation and basal progenitor proliferation by repressing the NOTCH effector Hes1. Consistent with this, besides quiescence Hes1 expression also increases on Tlx mutation.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein Promotes Lewis X Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigen 1 Expression Thereby Interfering with Neural Precursor and Stem Cell Proliferation.

The glycoprotein Prominin-1 and the carbohydrate Lewis X stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (LeX-SSEA1) both have been extensively used as cell surface markers to purify neural stem cells (NSCs). While Prominin-1 labels a specialized membrane region in NSCs and ependymal cells, the specificity of LeX-SSEA1 expression and its biological significance are still unknown. To address these issues, we have here monitored the expression of the carbohydrate in neonatal and adult NSCs and in their progeny.