The Prognostic Quality of Risk Prediction Models to Assess the Individual Breast Cancer Risk in Women: An Overview of Reviews.

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally, with an incidence of approximately two million cases in 2018. Organised age-based breast cancer screening programs were established worldwide to detect breast cancer earlier and to reduce mortality. Currently, there is substantial anticipation regarding risk-adjusted screening programs, considering various risk factors in addition to age.

The role of health economics within health technology assessment: past, present, and future - an Austrian perspective.

In many countries, the economics domain forms a routine part of health technology assessments (HTA) next to analyzing the comparative effectiveness and safety of a technology. The method applied most often is economic evaluation, such as cost-effectiveness analysis, which is supposed to support the efficient use of resources. In Austria, economic evaluation has played a negligible role in HTA and reimbursement decisions, even though the country faces the same public healthcare sustainability challenges as others.

Identifying and synthesizing components of perinatal mental health peer support - a systematic review.

Background: Becoming a parent, while often perceived as a joyous event, can also be a vulnerable life transition, with approximately one in five mothers experiencing perinatal mental illness. Peer support is recommended for its preventive and therapeutic benefits. However, relevant program components of perinatal mental health peer support remain to be identified.

Acceptability, engagement and exploratory outcomes and costs of a co-designed intervention to support children of parents with a mental illness: Mixed-methods evaluation and descriptive analysis.

Children whose parents have a mental illness are much more likely to experience mental health problems and other adverse long-term impacts. Child-centred psychosocial interventions can be effective, but not much is known about how to design and implement them in different settings. A pre-post, mixed methods, single-arm evaluation of a co-designed social support intervention with parents and children (4-18 years) measured parents' mental health (PHQ-9), perceived social support (ENRICHD), parental self-efficacy (PSAM) and children's mental health (SDQ), quality of life (Kidscreen-27), and child service use (CAMHSRI-EU) at baseline and 6 months.

Optimising child and adolescent mental health care - a scoping review of international best-practice strategies and service models.

Background: Psychiatric disorders are among the most common health problems in children and adolescents, with a recent prevalence rise due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The increasing demand for service provision in this patient population, together with infrastructural, financial and staff limitations in child and adolescent mental health services, calls for an adaptation/advancement of current models of service provision. This review offers an internationally informed overview of best-practice child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) strategies and care models, with the aim of assisting decision-makers in implementing topical CAMH care models.

Economic Evaluation of Family-Focused Programs When Parents Have a Mental Health Problem: Methodological Considerations.

Objectives: The nature of adverse effects of parental mental health problems and of the interventions to address them may require specific designs of economic evaluation studies. Nevertheless, methodological guidance is lacking. We aim to understand the broad spectrum of adverse effects from parental mental health problems in children and the economic consequences on an individual and societal level to navigate the design of economic evaluations in this field.

Practices to support co-design processes: A case-study of co-designing a program for children with parents with a mental health problem in the Austrian region of Tyrol.

Forms of collaborative knowledge production, such as community-academic partnerships (CAP), have been increasingly used in health care. However, instructions on how to deliver such processes are lacking. We aim to identify practice ingredients for one element within a CAP, a 6-month co-design process, during which 26 community- and 13 research-partners collaboratively designed an intervention programme for children whose parent have a mental illness.

Possible long COVID healthcare pathways: a scoping review.

Background: Individuals of all ages and with all degrees of severity of the coronavirus disease (COVID) can suffer from persisting or reappearing symptoms called long COVID. Long COVID involves various symptoms, such as shortness of breath, fatigue, or organ damage. The growing number of long COVID cases places a burden on the patients and the broader economy and, hence, has gained more weight in political decisions.

National Strategies for Preventing and Managing Non-communicable Diseases in Selected Countries.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide and are responsible for a high burden of disease. Many countries have developed national strategies for the management and prevention of NCDs to improve the care of chronically ill people or prevent NCDs. This article aims to provide an overview of national NCD strategies from selected countries and their implementation.

Development of an Evidence-Informed and Codesigned Model of Support for Children of Parents With a Mental Illness- "It Takes a Village" Approach.

Providing support to parents and their children to help address the cycle of intergenerational impacts of mental illness and reduce the negative consequences for children is a key focus of selective prevention approaches in public mental health. However, a key issue for children of parents with a mental illness is the lack of access to early intervention and prevention support when needed. They are not easily identifiable (until presenting with significant mental health issues of their own) and not easily accessing the necessary support that address the complex interplay of parental mental illness within families.

Towards a Program Theory for Family-Focused Practice in Adult Mental Health Care Settings: An International Interview Study With Program Leaders.

In several high-income countries, family-focused practice programs have been introduced in adult mental health care settings to identify and support children whose parents live with mental health problems. Whilst their common goal is to reduce the impact of parental mental illness on children, the mechanisms by which they improve outcomes in different systems and settings are less well known. This kind of knowledge can importantly contribute to ensuring that practice programs achieve pre-defined impacts.

Integrating home treatment into the Austrian child and adolescent mental health care system: an implementation science perspective.

Background: In Austria, similar to other countries, health care planners have considered implementing home treatment (HT) programs for children and adolescents with mental health problems. However, introducing any new service innovation into the complex environment of the child and adolescent mental health care system requires context and implementation issues to be taken into account in advance.

Methods: We identified implementation themes from international HT models and developed a questionnaire with open-ended implementation-related questions for Austrian professionals.

[Effectiveness and Safety of Home Treatment in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Care: A Systematic Literature Review].

Objective: In child and adolescent psychiatry, home treatment is becoming increasingly important due to limited inpatient care capacities and changing treatment philosophies. This paper examines its effectiveness and safety.

Methods: We did a systematic literature search and summarized the home treatment model characteristics as well as the evidence on its benefits and harms narratively.

Evaluating options for decision making on costly hospital drugs in Austria.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to suggest options for a national and standardized process for the reimbursement of costly drugs provided in Austrian hospitals.

Methods: For answering the research questions, reimbursement processes of ten countries were investigated and the strengths and weaknesses of elaborated options of actions were analyzed, resulting in suggestions for solutions in the Austrian reimbursement processes for hospital drugs.

Results: Based on the information derived from the international analysis and the deliberation of the strengths and weaknesses on optional approaches, as well as, on the consideration of the existing reimbursement processes in Austria, three options to reorganize the current decentralized inpatient reimbursement process in Austria were suggested.

Supporting children who have a parent with a mental illness in Tyrol: a situational analysis for informing co-development and implementation of practice changes.

Background: A research project, which aims to improve the situation of children of parents with a mental illness (COPMI) is currently underway in the Austrian region of Tyrol. The project aims to strengthen formal and informal support structures around the child, through enhancing their village of collaborative support. Understanding the current situation in the region is vital for implementing practice change.

Reaching families where a parent has a mental disorder: Using big data to plan early interventions.

Background: Children who grow up with a parent who has a mental health problem (25%) are at increased risk of developing (health) problems themselves. One approach to reach those children for early intervention supports is through their parents seeking treatment within the adult mental healthcare system. We aimed to gain information on the users of adult mental health services in Tyrol, Austria in order to understand more about the identification of these families to provide support.

The status of health economic evaluation within decision making in Austria.

Background: Given limited resources compared to the demand for them, spending resources efficiently is important. Key methods applied for supporting efficient resource allocation are health economic evaluations.

Methods: Based on secondary literature, we analyze international challenges for using two types of economic evaluations-cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-utility analysis-in reimbursement decisions and reflect on them for the Austrian case.

The European challenges of funding orphan medicinal products.

Background: Funding of orphan medicinal products (OMPs) is an increasing challenge in the European Union (EU).

Objectives: To identify the different methods for public funding of OMPs in order to map the availability for rare disease patients, as well as to compare the public expenditures on OMPs in 8 EU member states.

Methods: Information on the reimbursement status of 83 OMPs was collected in 8 countries by distinguishing standard and special reimbursements.

Services Use of Children and Adolescents before Admission to Psychiatric Inpatient Care.

Background: Although 20% of children and adolescents in Europe suffer from overt mental health problems, their illness-related service utilisation is often unknown. If at all, existing research has only addressed the health care sector while services requirements in mental health care go far beyond the health care system, including the social, the educational and the criminal justice system.

Aims Of Study: This paper aims at describing the service contact patterns of children and adolescents within and outside the health care sector before they are admitted to a child and adolescent mental health hospital.

Antenatal interventions to reduce preterm birth: an overview of Cochrane Systematic Reviews.

Background: Several factors are associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB); therefore, various interventions might have the potential to influence it. Due to the large number of interventions that address PTB, the objective of this overview is to summarise evidence from Cochrane reviews regarding the effects and safety of these different interventions.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.