An Evidence-Based Nurse-Led Intervention to Reduce Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetes Distress (REDUCE): Development of a Complex Intervention Using Qualitative Methods Informed by the Medical Research Council Framework.

Background: Diabetes distress refers to the negative emotional reaction to living with the demands of diabetes; it occurs in >40% of adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, no interventions to reduce diabetes distress are specifically designed to be an integral part of diabetes care.

Objective: This study aims to modify and adapt existing evidence-based methods into a nurse-led group intervention to reduce diabetes distress among adults with T1D and moderate to severe diabetes distress.

Discussions About Binge Eating and Type 2 Diabetes in a Facebook Group: A Qualitative Analysis.

Objective: Binge eating has adverse health effects and may be 10 times more common in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) than in the general population. Still, binge eating is not consistently addressed in diabetes treatment. People with T2D and binge eating may, therefore, seek guidance on the topic on social media.

Which self-reported measures are useful to explore diabetes support needs among adults with diabetes and severe mental illness?

Objectives: To construct and test patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for identifying diabetes support needs of adults with co-existing diabetes and severe mental illness (SMI) provided by mental health professionals at psychiatric outpatient clinics.

Methods: Design thinking was used to identify, select, and modify PROMs in collaboration with 18 adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and SMI and 10 healthcare experts. The PROMs were then tested with 86 adults with diabetes and SMI recruited from eight psychiatric outpatient clinics in Denmark.

Peer support for adults with type 2 diabetes starting continuous glucose monitoring-An exploratory randomised controlled trial.

Aims: To explore the feasibility and potential benefits of a peer support programme for adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D) starting continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).

Methods: This part of the Steno2tech study is an exploratory, single-centre, open-labelled, prospective, randomised controlled trial (RCT). A total of 60 participants were randomised 2:1 to 12 months of CGM with or without peer support.

Associations between use of diabetes technology and diabetes distress: a Danish cross-sectional survey of adults with type 1 diabetes.

Introduction: The study aimed to investigate independent and combined associations between insulin delivery method (insulin pump therapy (IPT) vs multiple daily injections (MDI)), glucose monitoring method (intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) and real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) vs blood glucose metre (BGM)) and diabetes distress (DD) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Research Design And Methods: We combined data from two Danish questionnaire-based surveys, the Steno Tech Survey (n=1591) and the Type 1 Diabetes Distress Scale (T1-DDS) validation survey (n=4205), in which individuals aged ≥18 years with T1D were invited to participate. The 28-item T1-DDS was used to measure DD and DD scores were categorised as little or no distress (score <2.

"I Haven't Told Anyone but You": Experiences and Biopsychosocial Support Needs of People With Type 2 Diabetes and Binge Eating.

Up to 25% of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) may binge eat which is almost 10 times as many as in the general population. Binge eating is associated with depression, anxiety, and social isolation. Moreover, binge eating may increase the risk of obesity and high blood glucose levels, both of which can accelerate the onset of complications to diabetes and death in people with T2D.

Bringing an end to diabetes stigma and discrimination: an international consensus statement on evidence and recommendations.

People with diabetes often encounter stigma (ie, negative social judgments, stereotypes, prejudice), which can adversely affect emotional, mental, and physical health; self-care, access to optimal health care; and social and professional opportunities. To accelerate an end to diabetes stigma and discrimination, an international multidisciplinary expert panel (n=51 members, from 18 countries) conducted rapid reviews and participated in a three-round Delphi survey process. We achieved consensus on 25 statements of evidence and 24 statements of recommendations.

A Short-Form Measure of Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes for Use in Clinical Practice: Development and Validation of the T1-DDS-7.

Objective: Valid and reliable diabetes distress assessment is essential for identifying adults with elevated levels of concern and to guide targeted support. However, assessing diabetes distress must also be feasible in time-limited settings. We aimed to identify a short-form measure of the 28-item Type 1 Diabetes Distress Scale (T1-DDS-28) representing seven sources of type 1 diabetes distress that would be convenient for use in clinical practice.

Copenhagen Diabetes Consensus (CODIAC) 2021: User involvement in diabetes care, prevention and research.

Aims: User involvement is pivotal for health development, but there are significant gaps in our understanding of the concept. The Copenhagen Diabetes Consensus on User Involvement in Diabetes Care, Prevention and Research (CODIAC) was established to address these gaps, share knowledge and develop best practices.

Methods: A literature review of user involvement was undertaken in diabetes care, prevention and research.

The impact of upper extremity impairments on work and everyday life of people with type 1 diabetes-A nationwide controlled study.

Aims: The study objective was to explore how upper extremity impairments (UEIs) affect the everyday life and work-life of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to compare them to a control group without T1D to determine if there are diabetes-specific consequences of UEIs.

Methods: In a controlled cross-sectional study, a survey was distributed across all regions of Denmark. A total of 2174 people with T1D and 827 controls were included in the study population.

We can work it out: A qualitative study of the work-life experiences of people living with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: People with type 2 diabetes experience a range of negative work-related outcomes at a time when people are expected to remain active within the labour market for longer. This study sought to identify the work-related challenges faced by people with type 2 diabetes and ways to address them.

Methods: Recruitment was undertaken in two contexts and focussed on people living with type 2 diabetes of working age (18-67).

Associations between clinical and psychosocial factors and HbA1c in adult insulin pump users with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: Many adults with type 1 diabetes do not achieve recommended glycemic goals despite intensive insulin therapy using insulin pumps. The aim of this study was to explore associations between clinical and psychosocial factors and HbA1c in insulin pump users to identify and prioritize areas for potential intervention.

Methods: A questionnaire-based survey covering clinical and psychosocial aspects of life with type 1 diabetes was distributed to all adult (≥ 18 years) insulin pump users in the Capital Region of Denmark.

Upper-Extremity Impairments in Type 1 Diabetes: Results From a Controlled Nationwide Study.

Objective: This study aimed to identify current and lifetime prevalence of upper-extremity impairments (UEIs) among individuals with type 1 diabetes and explore factors associated with UEIs.

Research Design And Methods: In a Danish cross-sectional nationwide case-control study, data on UEIs and health behavior were paired with data on sociodemographics and clinical factors from national registers. Participants included individuals with type 1 diabetes (n = 2,245) and a control group (n = 841).

How has the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Diabetes Self-Management in People With Diabetes? - A One-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background And Aim: In Denmark, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in two lockdowns, one from March to May 2020 and another from December 2020 to April 2021, which had severe impact on everyday life. The aim of this study was to explore changes in diabetes self-management behaviors during the pandemic and to examine how specific population characteristics were associated with changes in diabetes management.

Methods And Participants: In a cohort study from March 2020 to April 2021, two online questionnaires were collected from a total of 760 people with diabetes.

Staff experiences of diabetes care in residential care facilities for people with severe disabilities in Denmark: a mixed-methods assessment of access to screening for diabetes complications.

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of diabetes among adults (>18 years) living in residential care facilities in Denmark and to identify the structural, practical, and individual barriers and drivers related to their participation in screening programmes.

Design: SETTING: The register-based study included all residents living in residential care facilities in Denmark. The survey and qualitative analysis were carried out exclusively in the Capital Region of Denmark.

Effects of initiating insulin pump therapy in the real world: A nationwide, register-based study of adults with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: We aimed to estimate effects of insulin pump therapy (IPT) on HbA level, HbA variability, and risk of hospitalised diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and severe hypoglycaemia (SH), compared with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI).

Methods: We identified a cohort of all adults with type 1 diabetes in Denmark using national registry data and assigned each individual to either IPT (treatment) or MDI (control) from 2010 to 2020. We estimated average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) and treatment effects among population subgroups using treatment-staggered difference-in-differences.

Prevalence of mental disorders in people living with type 1 diabetes: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased prevalence of individual categories of mental disorders. We aimed to systematically synthesise the prevalence of all the different categories of mental disorders to estimate the overall burden of psychiatric morbidity in the type 1 diabetes population.

Method: The electronic database of OVID was searched, and retrieved papers were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers.

Does health literacy predict cardiometabolic marker trajectories among people with diabetes? A longitudinal mixed-effect analysis.

Aims: To assess trajectories in cardiometabolic markers among people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with varying health literacy levels.

Methods: Survey data assessing self-reported health literacy among 1401 people with type 1 diabetes and 910 people with type 2 diabetes were linked to prospective clinical data. Mixed effects modelling was used to identify the impact of three health literacy domains on trajectories of systolic blood pressure (SBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Improving Health and Diabetes Self-Management in Immigrants with Type 2 Diabetes Through a Co-Created Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Intervention.

To examine the impact of a co-created culturally sensitive diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) intervention on the physical and mental health of immigrants with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Pre- and post-test among people with T2D whose primary language was Urdu, Arabic or Turkish (n = 97). Participants were offered a six-week intervention based on a person-centred approach using research-based dialogue tools to facilitate learning and reflection, which was developed in co-creation with immigrants and healthcare professionals.

Flexible inclusion of dialogue about psychosocial aspects of life with type 1 diabetes in routine consultations: A study of a questionnaire-based dialogue tool to promote person-centred support.

Aims: To explore (1) experiences among people with type 1 diabetes and diabetologists of using a questionnaire-based dialogue tool in routine consultations to identify and address psychosocial challenges and (2) experiences of person-centredness in this group compared with a group who did not use the tool.

Methods: In all, 42 people with type 1 diabetes (mean age 54 years, mean diabetes duration 31 years and 60% women) were interviewed and completed an evaluation questionnaire following a routine consultation with the use of a dialogue tool including PAID-5, WHO-5 and open-ended questions. A comparison group of 42 people with type 1 diabetes attending routine consultations without the use of dialogue tools completed evaluation questionnaires.

Insulin Pump Treatment in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in the Capital Region of Denmark: Design and Cohort Characteristics of the Steno Tech Survey.

Introduction: Insulin pump therapy can improve quality of life and glycaemic outcomes for many people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The multidimensional Steno Tech Survey study aims to investigate why some insulin pump users do not achieve treatment goals. In this article, we present the study design and analyse differences in population characteristics between responders and non-responders.

A co-design study to develop supportive interventions to improve psychological and social adaptation among adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes in Denmark and the UK.

Objective: To develop supportive interventions for adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) to facilitate positive adaptive strategies during their transition into a life with diabetes.

Design: The study used a co-design approach informed by Design Thinking to stimulate participants' reflections on their experiences of current care and generate ideas for new supportive interventions. Visual illustrations were used to depict support needs and challenges.