A rust fungal effector binds plant DNA and modulates transcription.

The basidiomycete Melampsora larici-populina causes poplar rust disease by invading leaf tissues and secreting effector proteins through specialized infection structures known as haustoria. The mechanisms by which rust effectors promote pathogen virulence are poorly understood. The present study characterized Mlp124478, a candidate effector of M.

Pre-PCI angiographic TIMI flow in the culprit coronary artery influences infarct size and microvascular obstruction in STEMI patients.

Objective: The influence of initial-thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (i-TIMI) coronary flow in the culprit coronary artery on myocardial infarct and microvascular obstruction (MVO) size is unclear. We assessed the impact on infarct size of i-TIMI flow in the culprit coronary artery, as well as on MVO incidence and size, by contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (ce-CMR).

Methods: In a prospective, multicenter study, pre-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) coronary occlusion was defined by an i-TIMI flow ≤1, and patency was defined by an i-TIMI flow ≥2.

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Cervical Cancer Screening Among Latinas.

To reduce the high incidence of cervical cancer among Latinas in the United States it is important to understand factors that predict screening behavior. The aim of this study was to test the utility of theory of planned behavior in predicting cervical cancer screening among a group of Latinas. A sample of Latinas (N = 614) completed a baseline survey about Pap test attitudes subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention to be screened for cervical cancer.

Influence of arterial hypotension on fractional flow reserve measurements.

Aims: To assess fractional flow reserve (FFR) variability in case of arterial hypotension in the clinical setting. FFR measurement is supposed to be independent of haemodynamics; there is, however, a strong relationship between trans-stenotic pressure variation and coronary flow. Non-clinical models suggest an inverse relationship between arterial pressure and FFR, but no clinical data have as yet confirmed this hypothesis.

Postconditioning attenuates no-reflow in STEMI patients.

After acute myocardial infarction, the presence of no-reflow (or microvascular obstruction: MVO) has been associated with adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling and worse clinical outcome. This study examined the effects of mechanical ischemic postconditioning on early and late MVO size in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Fifty patients undergoing primary coronary angioplasty for a first STEMI with TIMI grade flow 0-1 and no collaterals were randomized to ischemic postconditioning (PC) (n = 25) or control (n = 25) groups.

Acute myocardial infarction: early CT aspects of myocardial microcirculation obstruction after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objective: To evaluate the capabilities of delayed enhanced multidetector CT (DE-MDCT), performed immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), in predicting myocardial microvascular obstruction (MVO) formation assessed by delayed enhanced MRI (DE-MRI).

Methods: Thirty-two patients presenting with a primary acute myocardial infarction, successfully recanalised by PCI, underwent a DE-MDCT immediately after PCI and a DE-MRI within 1 week. The left ventricle was split into 64 subsegments, rated as "healthy", "infarcted" or "MVO" on DE-MRI.

Persistent abnormal intraventricular conduction after myocarditis revealed by recurrent syncopes.

A 24-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for recurrent syncopes. Several ECG showed paroxysmal second degree atrioventricular block with the QRS axis changing between conducted beats and escape beats. Transvenous cardiac pacing was performed until permanent recapture of atrioventricular conduction (day 4).

Cardioprotection by clopidogrel in acute ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients: a retrospective analysis.

Antiplatelet agents have been extensively used in acute coronary syndromes and improve clinical outcome in STEMI patients. Previous experimental studies of the impact of antiplatelet agents on infarct size have been equivoqual. We questioned whether clopidogrel might reduce infarct size in STEMI patients, independently of any antithrombotic effect, by activating a post-conditioning-like myocardial protection.

Post-conditioning reduces infarct size and edema in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether post-conditioning at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention could reduce reperfusion-induced myocardial edema in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Background: Myocardial edema is a reperfusion injury with potentially severe consequences. Post-conditioning is a cardioprotective therapy that reduces infarct size after reperfusion, but no previous studies have analyzed the impact of this strategy on reperfusion-induced myocardial edema in humans.

Effect of cyclosporine on left ventricular remodeling after reperfused myocardial infarction.

Objectives: This study examined the effect of a single dose of cyclosporine administered at the time of reperfusion on left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function by cardiac magnetic resonance 5 days and 6 months after myocardial infarction.

Background: In a human study, administration of cyclosporine at the time of acute reperfusion was associated with a smaller infarct size.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients of the original cyclosporine study had an acute (at 5 days) and a follow-up (at 6 months) cardiac magnetic resonance study to determine LV volumes, mass, ejection fraction, myocardial wall thickness in infarcted and remote noninfarcted myocardium, and infarct size.

Inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening: translation to patients.

A large body of experimental evidence indicates that during an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), tissue injury occurring after reperfusion represents a significant amount of the whole, irreversible damage. It is now recognized that mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening plays a crucial role in this specific component of myocardial infarction. Ischaemic postconditioning and cyclosporine A (CsA) have been shown to dramatically reduce infarct size in many animal species.

The right axillary artery approach for the Impella Recover LP 5.0 microaxial pump.

As a ventricular unloading catheter, the Impella Recover LP 5.0 (Abiomed, Danvers, MA) is appropriate for temporary circulatory assistance in severe left ventricular dysfunction. We describe a new implantation approach to the right axillary artery with the aims of avoiding vascular problems due to atherosclerosis of the peripheral arteries and improving patient mobility and rehabilitation during mechanical support.

Should a reimplantation valve sparing procedure be done systematically in type A aortic dissection?

Objective: To evaluate the risks and benefits of a systematic reimplantation valve sparing procedure in the surgical treatment of type A aortic dissection (TAAD).

Patients And Methods: From February December 2005, 15 consecutive patients (mean age 61+/-12 years) who underwent surgery for TAAD were analyzed prospectively. Eleven had a preoperative CT-scan and all had an echography.