Blood Pressure Response and Pulse Arrival Time During Exercise Testing in Well-Trained Individuals.

There is a lack of data describing the blood pressure response (BPR) in well-trained individuals. In addition, continuous bio-signal measurements are increasingly investigated to overcome the limitations of intermittent cuff-based BP measurements during exercise testing. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the BPR in well-trained individuals during a cycle ergometer test with a particular focus on the systolic BP (SBP) and to investigate pulse arrival time (PAT) as a continuous surrogate for SBP during exercise testing.

The Use of Wearable Sensor Technology to Detect Shock Impacts in Sports and Occupational Settings: A Scoping Review.

Shock impacts during activity may cause damage to the joints, muscles, bones, or inner organs. To define thresholds for tolerable impacts, there is a need for methods that can accurately monitor shock impacts in real-life settings. Therefore, the main aim of this scoping review was to present an overview of existing methods for assessments of shock impacts using wearable sensor technology within two domains: sports and occupational settings.

Preoperative incipient osteoarthritis predicts failure after periacetabular osteotomy: 69 hips operated through the anterior intrapelvic approach.

Background: Untreated developmental hip dysplasia may result in pain, loss of function and is a common cause of osteoarthritis (OA). The periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) was developed to relieve symptoms and postpone further degeneration of the hip. We aimed to assess preoperative clinical and radiographic prognostic factors and evaluate survivorship of PAO after medium-term follow-up of 7.

Quantifying Quadriceps Muscle Strength in Patients With ACL Injury, Focal Cartilage Lesions, and Degenerative Meniscus Tears: Differences and Clinical Implications.

Background: Reduced quadriceps strength influences knee function and increases the risk of knee osteoarthritis. Thus, it is of significant clinical relevance to precisely quantify strength deficits in patients with knee injuries.

Purpose: To evaluate isokinetic concentric quadriceps muscle strength torque values, assessed both from peak torque and at specific knee flexion joint angles, in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, focal cartilage lesions, and degenerative meniscus tears.

Inter- and intrarater reliability of four single-legged hop tests and isokinetic muscle torque measurements in children.

Purpose: Single-legged hop tests and isokinetic muscle torque are common outcome measures in the evaluation of knee function. The reliability of the single-legged hop tests in children has not been documented. The aim was to examine inter- and intrarater reliability of four single-legged hop tests and isokinetic muscle torque measurements in children.

Gait Characteristics, Symptoms, and Function in Persons With Hip Osteoarthritis: A Longitudinal Study With 6 to 7 Years of Follow-up.

Study Design: Longitudinal laboratory study.

Objectives: (1) To compare gait characteristics between individuals with early-stage hip osteoarthritis who underwent total hip replacement (THR) and those who did not undergo THR, and (2) to evaluate whether gait characteristics, function, and symptoms declined among individuals who did not undergo THR during a 6- to 7-year follow-up.

Background: The natural history of symptoms, function, and gait changes secondary to hip osteoarthritis, including potential differences at an early stage of disease, is unknown.

No effects of a 12-week supervised exercise therapy program on gait in patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial.

Background: It is unknown whether gait biomechanics in hip osteoarthritis patients with mild to moderate symptoms change following exercise therapy interventions. The aim of the present study was to compare stance phase gait characteristics in hip osteoarthritis patients with mild to moderate symptoms participating in a randomized trial with two different interventions; patient education only or patient education followed by a 12-week supervised exercise therapy program.

Results: The study was conducted as a secondary analysis of a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Self-reported knee function can identify athletes who fail return-to-activity criteria up to 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a delaware-oslo ACL cohort study.

Study Design: Cohort study, cross-sectional.

Objectives: To determine if self-reported knee function assessed with the International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 Subjective Knee Form (IKDC 2000) could discriminate between successful and nonsuccessful performance on return-to-activity criteria (RTAC) tests after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Background: Selecting appropriate performance-based and patient-reported tests that can detect side-to-side asymmetries, assess global knee function, and determine a participant's readiness to return to activity after ACL reconstruction can be a challenge for rehabilitation specialists.

Nonsurgical or Surgical Treatment of ACL Injuries: Knee Function, Sports Participation, and Knee Reinjury: The Delaware-Oslo ACL Cohort Study.

Background: While there are many opinions about the expected knee function, sports participation, and risk of knee reinjury following nonsurgical treatment of injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), there is a lack of knowledge about the clinical course following nonsurgical treatment compared with that after surgical treatment.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 143 patients with an ACL injury. Isokinetic knee extension and flexion strength and patient-reported knee function as recorded on the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) 2000 form were collected at baseline, six weeks, and two years.

Weight-bearing asymmetries during Sit-To-Stand in patients with mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis.

The Sit-To-Stand (STS) transition is a mechanically demanding task that may pose particular challenges for individuals with lower limb osteoarthritis (OA). Biomechanical features of STS have been investigated in patients with OA, but not in patients with early stage hip OA. The purpose of this study was to explore inter-limb weight-bearing asymmetries (WBA) and selected kinematic and kinetic variables during STS in patients with mild-to-moderate hip OA compared with healthy controls.

Consensus criteria for defining 'successful outcome' after ACL injury and reconstruction: a Delaware-Oslo ACL cohort investigation.

Background: No gold standard exists for identifying successful outcomes 1 and 2 years after operative and non-operative management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. This limits the ability of a researcher and clinicians to compare and contrast the results of interventions.

Purpose: To establish a consensus based on expert consensus of measures that define successful outcomes 1 and 2 years after ACL injury or reconstruction.

Online registration of monthly sports participation after anterior cruciate ligament injury: a reliability and validity study.

Background: The current methods measuring sports activity after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury are commonly restricted to the most knee-demanding sports, and do not consider participation in multiple sports. We therefore developed an online activity survey to prospectively record the monthly participation in all major sports relevant to our patient-group.

Objective: To assess the reliability, content validity and concurrent validity of the survey and to evaluate if it provided more complete data on sports participation than a routine activity questionnaire.

Functional outcomes following a non-operative treatment algorithm for anterior cruciate ligament injuries in skeletally immature children 12 years and younger. A prospective cohort with 2 years follow-up.

Background: The methodological quality of studies on treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in skeletally immature children after ACL injury is low, and no prospective studies have evaluated the functional outcomes following a non-operative treatment algorithm.

Purpose: To report changes in knee function and activity level in skeletally immature children following a non-operative treatment algorithm for a minimum of 2 years after ACL injury.

Study Design: Prospective cohort.

Sagittal plane gait characteristics in hip osteoarthritis patients with mild to moderate symptoms compared to healthy controls: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Existent biomechanical studies on hip osteoarthritic gait have primarily focused on the end stage of disease. Consequently, there is no clear consensus on which specific gait parameters are of most relevance for hip osteoarthritis patients with mild to moderate symptoms. The purpose of this study was to explore sagittal plane gait characteristics during the stance phase of gait in hip osteoarthritis patients not eligible for hip replacement surgery.

A pair-matched comparison of return to pivoting sports at 1 year in anterior cruciate ligament-injured patients after a nonoperative versus an operative treatment course.

Background: Patients usually return to pivoting sports between 6 months and 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, but no matched study has so far examined 1-year return to sport rates in nonoperatively and operatively treated ACL-injured patients.

Hypothesis: Anterior cruciate ligament-injured patients following a nonoperative treatment course, including recommendation of activity modification, will have lower return to pivoting sport rates than operatively treated patients 1 year after baseline testing/surgery, when matched by preinjury sports activity, age, and sex.

Study Design: Cohort study; level of evidence, 3.

Single-legged hop tests as predictors of self-reported knee function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: the Delaware-Oslo ACL cohort study.

Background: Single-legged hop tests are commonly used functional performance measures that can capture limb asymmetries in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Hop tests hold potential as predictive factors of self-reported knee function in individuals after ACL reconstruction.

Hypothesis: Single-legged hop tests conducted preoperatively would not and 6 months after ACL reconstruction would predict self-reported knee function (International Knee Documentation Committee [IKDC] 2000) 1 year after ACL reconstruction.

Inter- and intrarater reliability of isokinetic thigh muscle strength tests in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.

Objective: To evaluate inter- and intrarater reliability of isokinetic muscle strength measurements during knee extension and flexion in postmenopausal women with osteopenia.

Design: Reliability study assessing inter- and intrarater reliability.

Setting: General community.

Single-legged hop tests as predictors of self-reported knee function in nonoperatively treated individuals with anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Background: Previous studies have found significant predictors for functional outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction; however, studies examining predictors for functional outcome in nonoperatively treated individuals are lacking.

Hypothesis: Single-legged hop tests predict self-reported knee function (International Knee Documentation Committee [IKDC] 2000) in nonoperatively treated ACL-injured individuals 1 year after baseline testing.

Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2.

A progressive 5-week exercise therapy program leads to significant improvement in knee function early after anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study without a control group.

Objectives: Firstly, to present our 5-week progressive exercise therapy program in the early stage after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Secondly, to evaluate changes in knee function after completion of the program for patients with ACL injury in general and also when classified as potential copers or noncopers, and, finally, to examine potential adverse events.

Functional tests should be accentuated more in the decision for ACL reconstruction.

A high pre-injury activity level, the desire of the patient to continue pivoting sports and fear of future give-way episodes are considered the most significant factors affecting the decision to perform anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. However, since the functional status of the knee at the time of surgery affects the final outcome, assessments of knee function should be considered in the decision making for surgery. Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament injury can be classified as potential copers or non-copers from an existing screening examination.

Anterior cruciate ligament-deficient potential copers and noncopers reveal different isokinetic quadriceps strength profiles in the early stage after injury.

Background: Isokinetic muscle strength testing using the peak torque value is the most frequently included quadriceps muscle strength measurement for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured subjects. PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESES: The purpose of this study was to investigate quadriceps muscle performance during the whole isokinetic curve in subjects with ACL deficiency classified as potential copers or noncopers and to investigate whether these curve profiles were associated with single-legged hop performance. We hypothesized that quadriceps muscle torque at other knee flexion angles than peak torque would give more information about quadriceps muscle strength deficits.

Pressure mapping in seating: a frequency analysis approach.

Objectives: To discuss the methodologic challenges related to pressure mapping in seating and to present a new approach to the analysis and interpretation of results: the frequency analysis approach.

Design: Pressure mapping was performed on 3 prototypes of a newly developed foam and gel seat cushion.

Setting: Data collection was done in a private laboratory.