The study evaluated the reliability of shoulder testing methods for measuring flexion range of motion (ROM), hand-behind-back (HBB) positioning, and external rotation (ER) strength in healthy adults.
Both intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and standard error of measurement (SEM) were used to assess reliability, with HBB exhibiting excellent reliability (ICCs 0.94-0.98) and isometric ER strength also showing high reliability across various positions (ICCs 0.96-0.98).
The results indicated significant differences in HBB and isometric ER strength between dominant and non-dominant sides, confirming the effectiveness of standardized tests in clinical settings.