What is the Role of Measuring Urinary Gluten Immunogenic Peptides in Clinical Practice in Patients with Coeliac Disease?

Background And Aims: In coeliac disease, the clinical role of the urinary gluten immunogenic peptide is unclear. It has been suggested it can be a non-invasive marker of villous atrophy. Therefore, we present the largest cross-sectional clinical data in patients with coeliac disease to establish the diagnostic accuracy of the urinary gluten immunogenic peptide in identifying villous atrophy.

Role of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy in the management of adult patients with coeliac disease and persisting symptoms.

Background: Small bowel capsule endoscopy (CE) and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) are recommended for the management of patients with nonresponsive or refractory coeliac disease (CD). However, there is a paucity of data regarding the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients undergoing these investigations.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of two databases of adult patients with CD who underwent CE and/or DBE between 2017 and 2022 at the National Centre for Refractory CD in England.

#BeSeen: understanding young people's views of the motivation and impacts of sharing self-harm imagery online and use of their social media data for research-a UK participatory arts-led qualitative study.

Objectives: This study explored the views of young people from diverse backgrounds, with or without a history of self-harm, on the motivation and impacts of sharing self-harm imagery online and the use of their social media data for mental health research.

Design: Thematic analysis of 27 semi-structured one-to-one interviews.

Setting: Two workshops were conducted in 2021.

Longitudinal Outcome of Programmatic Assessment of International Medical Graduates.

Introduction: Australia depends on international medical graduates (IMGs) to meet workforce shortages. The current standard assessment for IMGs is by clinical examination in observed structured clinical encounter (OSCE) format lasting 200 minutes. There are concerns about adequateness of this assessment as it does not test the qualities required to practice in a new country.

Workplace-based assessment for international medical graduates: at what cost?

Objective: To estimate the cost of resources required to deliver a program to assess international medical graduates (IMGs) in Newcastle, Australia, known as the Workplace Based Assessment (WBA) Program.

Design And Setting: A costing study to identify and evaluate the resources required and the overheads of delivering the program for a cohort of 15 IMGs, based on costs in 2012.

Main Outcome Measures: Labour-related costs.

A systematic approach to workplace-based assessment for international medical graduates.

Objectives: To test whether a summative workplace-based assessment (WBA) is feasible and acceptable for international medical graduates (IMGs).

Design, Setting And Participants: A 6-month trial with 27 IMGs from teaching hospitals in Newcastle, Australia. IMGs were assessed by 65 trained assessors from different disciplines, using blueprinted, preset criteria.

Art and the theatre of mind and body: how contemporary arts practice is re-framing the anatomo-clinical theatre.

The correspondences and disparities between how artists and anatomists view the body have historically been a source of creative collaboration, but how is this imaginative interdisciplinarity sustained and expressed in a contemporary context? In this review I suggest that contemporary artists engaging with the body, and the corresponding biomedical and architectural spaces where the body is investigated, are engendering innovative and challenging artworks that stimulate new relationships between art and anatomy. Citing a number of examples from key artists and referencing some of my own practice-based research, I posit that creative cross-fertilization provokes a discourse between mediated public perceptions of disease, death and the disposal of morbid remains, and the contemporary reality of biomedical practice. This is a dialogue that is complex, rich and diverse, and ultimately rewarding for both art and anatomy.

Interaction of the fibronectin COOH-terminal Fib-2 regions with fibrin: further characterization and localization of the Fib-2-binding sites.

Incorporation of fibronectin into fibrin clots is important for the formation of a provisional matrix that promotes cell adhesion and migration during wound healing. Previous studies revealed that this incorporation occurs through noncovalent interaction between two NH2-terminal Fib-1 regions of fibronectin (one on each chain) and the alphaC-regions of fibrin, and is further reinforced by factor XIIIa-mediated covalent cross-linking of fibronectin to the fibrin matrix. To clarify the role of another pair of fibrin-binding regions, Fib-2, located at the disulfide-linked COOH-terminal ends of fibronectin, we prepared by limited proteolysis a dimeric 140 kDa (Fib-2)2 fragment containing both Fib-2 regions and tested its interaction with recombinant fragments corresponding to the alphaC regions of fibrin(ogen).

Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus fibronectin-binding protein with fibronectin: affinity, stoichiometry, and modular requirements.

The repetitive D1, D2, and D3 elements of Staphylococcus aureus fibronectin-binding protein FnBPA each bind the N-terminal 29-kDa fragment (N29) of fibronectin with low micromolar dissociation constants (Kd), but in tandem they compose a high affinity domain, D1-3. An additional seven Fn-binding segments have been predicted in FnBPA in a region N-terminal of the D-repeats (Schwarz-Linek, U., Werner, J.

Localization of a cryptic binding site for tenascin on fibronectin.

Fibronectin and tenascin are large extracellular matrix proteins that interact with each other and with integrin receptors to regulate cell growth and movement. They are both modular proteins composed of independently folded domains (modules) that are arranged in linear fashion. Fibronectin is a covalent dimer and tenascin is a hexamer.

A comparison of methods for measuring serum and urinary markers of bone metabolism in cats.

Biochemical markers of bone cell activity have recently been shown to be useful for monitoring skeletal health in domestic animals, including dogs and horses. The aim of this study was to evaluate a number of biochemical assays, originally developed for use in humans, for their ability to measure indicators of bone cell activity in serum and urine of normal cats over a range of ages. Bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), a marker of bone formation, was measured in serum using wheatgerm lectin precipitation (WGL) and by ELISA.

Interaction of fibrin(ogen) with heparin: further characterization and localization of the heparin-binding site.

The beta chain 15-42 sequence of the fibrin(ogen) E region was implicated in heparin binding [Odrljin et al. (1996) Blood 88, 2050-2061]; whether heparin binds to other fibrin(ogen) regions remains to be clarified. To address this question, we studied the interaction of heparin with fibrinogen, fibrin, and their major fragments D(1), D-D, E(1), E(3), and alphaC, which together cover the entire structure of the molecule, by ligand blotting, surface plasmon resonance, and fluorescence.

Allosteric modulation of ligand binding to low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein by the receptor-associated protein requires critical lysine residues within its carboxyl-terminal domain.

The low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) is a large endocytic receptor that recognizes more than 30 different ligands and plays important roles in protease and lipoprotein catabolism. Ligand binding to newly synthesized LRP is modulated by the receptor-associated protein (RAP), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein that functions as a molecular chaperone and prevents ligands from associating with LRP via an allosteric-type mechanism. RAP is a multidomain protein that contains two independent LRP binding sites, one located at the amino-terminal portion of the molecule and the other at the carboxyl-terminal portion of the molecule.

Effect of a dental chew on dental substrates and gingivitis in cats.

The use of special diets or dietary adjuncts, although not eliminating the need for regular professional therapy, may serve to improve gingival health during the interval between professional oral health assessments and intervention. This study was performed to determine the effect of a dental chew on dental hygiene and gingival health in cats. The accumulation of dental substrates and the development of gingivitis were assessed in cats fed either a dry diet only or a dry diet supplemented with dental chews.

All six modules of the gelatin-binding domain of fibronectin are required for full affinity.

The gelatin-binding sites of fibronectin are confined to a 42-kDa region having four type I and two type II modules in the following order: I(6)-II(1)-II(2)-I(7)-I(8)-I(9). To determine the relative importance of each module for recognition of gelatin, recombinant green fluorescent fusion proteins were prepared in which individual modules or groups of modules were deleted, and the resulting proteins were tested for binding to gelatin by analytical affinity chromatography. Deletion of both type II modules did not eliminate binding, confirming that at least some of the type I modules in this region are able to bind gelatin.

A feline assay using osteoclasts generated in vitro from peripheral blood for screening anti-resorptive agents.

Musculo-skeletal diseases are a major cause of pain and suffering in cats and several conditions involve increased bone resorption by osteoclasts. However, little is known about the biology of these cells in the cat. In this study we established a method to generate feline osteoclasts from blood mononuclear cells stimulated by macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL).

Type I collagen contains at least 14 cryptic fibronectin binding sites of similar affinity.

There is uncertainty in the literature regarding the number and location of fibronectin binding sites on denatured collagen. Although most attention has focused on a single site near the collagenase-sensitive region of each alpha chain, there is evidence for additional sites in other regions. We treated bovine type I collagen with cyanogen bromide, labeled the resulting mixture with fluorescein, and separated the peptides by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Interaction of fibrin(ogen) with fibronectin: further characterization and localization of the fibronectin-binding site.

The interaction of fibronectin with fibrin and its incorporation into fibrin clots are thought to be important for the formation of a provisional matrix that promotes cell adhesion and migration during wound healing. However, it is still unclear whether fibronectin interacts with both fibrin and fibrinogen or fibrin only and whether fibronectin binds exclusively to the fibrin(ogen) alphaC domains. To address these questions, we studied the interaction of fibronectin with fibrinogen, fibrin, and their proteolytic and recombinant fragments.