Work ability following breast cancer - the MyHealth randomized controlled trial.

Background And Purpose: We previously demonstrated positive effects on quality of life and mental health following breast cancer when comparing a nurse-led follow-up program without scheduled visits (MyHealth) to regular follow-up. This study aims to examine whether MyHealth also positively impacts self-reported work ability.

Patients/material And Methods: A total of 288 patients, potentially active on the labour market, were randomized to MyHealth or control follow-up after primary treatment for early-stage breast cancer (2017-2019).

Disease management program in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The aim of this paper was to study ethnic and socioeconomic (SEP) factors' association with provision and participation in a type 2 diabetes disease-management program. In 2016-21, 3464 persons were referred to type 2 diabetes management in Copenhagen municipality. Personalized plans included a mix of activities; program consultations, dietary education, telephone conversations, patient education, and physical training.

The Effect of Peer-Mentor Support for Older Vulnerable Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease-A 24-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The positive effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) are well established; however, among older and vulnerable patients, nonattendance and dropout are prevalent problems.

Aim: The objective of this study is to explore if a 24-week peer-mentor intervention increases initial and long-term CR attendance. Secondary aims are whether peer-mentor intervention improves lifestyle (diet and physical activity) and psychological outcomes (self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, and quality of life) among older vulnerable patients with ischemic heart disease.

Utilization of a public subsidy scheme for dental care services among socially vulnerable citizens out of labor in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Objective: Addressing social inequality in oral health and access to dental care is a global concern. This study aims to describe the utilization of a public subsidy scheme targeting vulnerable individuals out of labor in Copenhagen municipality (2013-2018) and to identify key characteristics of individuals eligible to apply.

Material And Methods: Data from Copenhagen municipality were combined with data from population and health registers.

Development of geographic inequality in dental caries and its association with socioeconomic factors over an 18-year period in Denmark.

Background: Few studies have examined the development of geographic and socioeconomic inequalities in caries over time or have simultaneously assessed individual-level socioeconomic position (SEP) and neighborhood-level factors as a multi-layered phenomenon influencing caries inequalities. This study examined (i) the trends in geographic inequalities in caries among adolescents in Denmark and (ii) how the association between SEP and caries has progressed over time, when accounting for individual and neighborhood-level confounding factors.

Methods: This nationwide repeated cross-sectional study included 15-year-olds in Denmark from 1995, 2003, and 2013 (n = 149,808).

Impact of the association between education and obesity on diabetes-free life expectancy.

Background: The purpose of the study was to quantify the association between body weight and health by estimating the expected lifetime with and without diabetes (diabetes-free life expectancy) at age 30 and 65. In addition, the diabetes-free life expectancy was stratified by educational level.

Methods: Life tables by sex, level of education and obese/not obese were constructed using nationwide register data and self-reported data on body weight and height and diabetes from the Danish National Health Survey in 2021.

Performing up to Nordic principles? Geographic and socioeconomic equity in ambulatory care sensitive conditions among older adults in capital areas of Denmark, Finland and Sweden in 2000-2015.

Background: Denmark, Finland and Sweden pursue equity in health for their citizens through universal health care. However, it is unclear if these services reach the older adult population equally across different socioeconomic positions or living areas. Thus, we assessed geographic and socioeconomic equity in primary health care (PHC) performance among the older adults in the capital areas of Denmark (Copenhagen), Finland (Helsinki) and Sweden (Stockholm) in 2000-2015.

Underlying pathways of social inequality in tooth loss: The mediating role of sugary beverages and diabetes.

Background: Previous studies show social inequality in tooth loss, but the underlying pathways are not well understood. The aim was to investigate the mediated proportion of sugary beverages (SBs) and diabetes and the association between educational level and tooth loss, and to investigate whether the indirect effect of SBs and diabetes varied between educational groups in relation to tooth loss.

Methods: Data from 47,109 Danish men and women aged 50 years or older included in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study was combined with data from Danish registers.

Trends in mortality patterns in two countries with different welfare models: comparisons between CUBA and Denmark 1955-2020.

Cuba and Denmark represent states with different welfare models that have reached the same level of life expectancy. The purpose was to investigate and compare mortality changes in the two countries. Systematically collected information on population numbers and deaths for the entire Cuban and Danish populations was the basis of life table data used to quantify differences in the change in age-at-death distributions since 1955, age-specific contributions to differences in life expectancy, lifespan variation, and other changes in mortality patterns in Cuba and Denmark.

The long-term burden of a symptom cluster and association with longitudinal physical and emotional functioning in breast cancer survivors.

Background: Fatigue, insomnia and pain are some of the most common and distressing symptoms experienced during breast cancer (BC) treatment and survivorship. The symptoms have been found to impact one another and to form a symptom cluster, and greater severity of the symptoms may be negatively associated with physical and emotional functioning in survivorship. In exploratory analyses from a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of progressive resistance training on the development of lymphedema after BC, we aimed to examine the burden of the symptom cluster fatigue-pain-insomnia, and its prognostic value for long-term symptom severity as well as emotional and physical functioning.

The organisation and responsibility for care for older people in Denmark, Finland and Sweden: outline and comparison of care systems.

Aim: To outline the organisation and responsibility for health and social care provided to older people in Denmark, Finland and Sweden.

Methods: Non-quantifiable data on the care systems were collated from the literature and expert consultations. The responsibilities for primary healthcare, specialised healthcare, prevention and health promotion, rehabilitation, and social care were presented in relation to policy guidance, funding and organisation.

Equity of referrals to type 2 diabetes rehabilitation in a universal welfare state.

Objective: Despite aims of equal access to treatment and care in the Nordic countries, marked socioeconomic inequality in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) complications persists. The study purpose was to estimate the associations of individual socioeconomic position and deprivation at the general practitioner (GP) level with referrals to T2D rehabilitation.Research Design and Methods: In 2015-2018, 3390 people affiliated with 432 primary GPs living in the municipality of Copenhagen were identified through registry data as newly diagnosed with T2D.

Opportunities for transitional care and care continuity following hospital discharge of older people in three Nordic cities: A comparative study.

Aim: To outline and discuss care transitions and care continuity following hospital discharge of older people with complex care needs in three Nordic cities: Copenhagen, Tampere and Stockholm.

Methods: Data on potential pathways following hospital discharge of older people were obtained from existing literature and expert consultations. The pathways for each system were outlined and presented in three figures.

Peer-mentor support for older vulnerable myocardial infarction patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation: single-arm feasibility study.

Background: The positive effects of cardiac rehabilitation are well established. However, it has an inherent challenge, namely the low attendance rate among older vulnerable patients, which illustrates the need for effective interventions. Peer mentoring is a low-cost intervention that has the potential to improve cardiac rehabilitation attendance and improve physical and psychological outcomes among older patients.

Association between Health-Related Quality of Life and Completion of First-Line Treatment among Lung Cancer Patients.

Experts recommend assessing lung cancer patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the diagnostic evaluation. We investigated the association between HRQOL and completion of first-line treatment among lung cancer patients in a prospective cohort study. Clinical information on lung cancer patients was obtained from medical records, and information on quality of life and lung cancer-related symptoms was obtained through questionnaires at time of diagnosis.

A decade of socioeconomic inequality in type 2 diabetes area-level prevalence: an unshakeable status quo?

Aims: It is well known that there is a socioeconomic gradient in the prevalence of many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We present a simple assessment of the macro-level association between area socioeconomic disadvantage and the area-level prevalence of T2DM in Danish municipalities and the development in this relationship over the last decade.

Methods: We used readily available public data on the socioeconomic composition of municipalities and T2DM prevalence to illustrate this association and report the absolute and relative summary measures of socioeconomic inequality over the time period 2008-2018.

Mediating role of multimorbidity in inequality in mortality: a register study on the Danish population.

Background: The social inequality in mortality is due to differential incidence of several disorders and injury types, as well as differential survival. The resulting clustering and possible interaction in disadvantaged groups of several disorders make multimorbidity a potentially important component in the health divide. This study decomposes the effect of education on mortality into a direct effect, a pure indirect effect mediated by multimorbidity and a mediated interaction between education and multimorbidity.

Joint effects of educational attainment, type 2 diabetes and coexisting morbidity on disability pension: results from a longitudinal, nationwide, register-based study.

Aims/hypothesis: High prevalence of coexisting morbidity in people with type 2 diabetes highlights the need to include interactions with education and comorbidity in the assessments of societal consequences of type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to estimate the joint effects of education, type 2 diabetes and six frequent comorbidities.

Methods: Nationwide administrative register data on type 2 diabetes diagnosis, hospital admissions, education and disability pension were grouped at the individual level by means of a unique personal identification number.

Working life expectancies among individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes over a 30-year period.

Objectives: This study aimed to (i) estimate working life expectancies (WLE) and the number of working years lost (WYL) among individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes over a 30-year period and (ii) identify educational differences in WLE and WYL.

Methods: Individuals aged 18-65 years diagnosed with type 1 (N=33 188) or type 2 diabetes (N=81 930) in 2000-2016 and age- and gender-matched controls without diabetes (N=663 656) were identified in Danish national registers. WLE in years were estimated as time in employment from age 35-65 years.

Social inequality in type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Faroe Islands: a cross-sectional study.

The Faroe Islands is considered a homogeneous society and has a low Gini coefficient, but the knowledge about the social distribution of health and disease is sparse. In a large population-based sample we investigated: (a) the association between socioeconomic position defined by level of education and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus by self-report in the Faroe Islands; and (b) to what degree lifestyle factors mediate the association. We used cross-sectional data from the population-based Public Health Survey Faroes 2015 (=1095).

Disability pension among persons with chronic disease: Differential impact of a Danish policy reform.

Background: In 2013, Denmark implemented a reform that tightened the criteria for disability pension, expanded a subsidized job scheme ('flexi-job') and introduced a new vocational rehabilitation scheme. The overall aim of the reform was to keep more persons attached to the labour market. This study investigates the impact of the reform among persons with chronic disease and whether this impact differed across groups defined by labour market affiliation and chronic disease type.

What is the effect of changing eligibility criteria for disability benefits on employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from OECD countries.

Background: Restrictions in the eligibility requirements for disability benefits have been introduced in many countries, on the assumption that this will increase work incentives for people with chronic illness and disabilities. Evidence to support this assumption is unclear, but there is a danger that removal of social protection without increased employment would increase the risk of poverty among disabled people. This paper presents a systematic review of the evidence on the employment effects of changes to eligibility criteria across OECD countries.

Income inequality in life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy in Denmark.

Background: Income has seldom been used to study social differences in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE). This study investigates income inequalities in life expectancy and DFLE at age 50 and 65 and estimates the contributions from the mortality and disability effects on the differences between income groups.

Methods: Life tables by income quintile were constructed using Danish register data on equivalised disposable household income and mortality.

Inequalities in extending working lives beyond age 60 in Canada, Denmark, Sweden and England-By gender, level of education and health.

Background: Keeping older workers in employment is critical for societies facing the challenge of an ageing population. This study examined the association between types of health conditions and differentials in the probability of employment by level of education among men and women between 60-69 years of age in Canada, Denmark, Sweden and England.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.