Incidence and Genetic Risk of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Norway by Latitude.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in the three geographic regions of Norway and whether potential regional incidence differences are explained by environmental or genetic factors across regions.

Methods: We conducted a register-based cohort study including all Norwegian children born from 2004 to 2019, with follow-up throughout 2020. The JIA diagnosis, defined by at least two International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes for JIA, was validated against medical records.

Antibiotic exposure in prenatal and early life and risk of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a nationwide register-based cohort study.

Objectives: Early antibiotic exposure influences the gut microbiota which is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We aimed to investigate the association between systemic antibiotics in prenatal and early life and risk of JIA.

Methods: We conducted a register-based cohort study including all children born in Norway from 2004 through 2012.

New species of Abyssocladia and two new cladorhizid genera (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from New Zealand and Australia.

Seamounts on subantarctic New Zealand's Macquarie Ridge, including parts of Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone surrounding Macquarie Island, have been demonstrated to be a rich source of new species of carnivorous sponges (Demospongiae Sollas, Poecilosclerida Topsent, Cladorhizidae Dendy). Four new species of Abyssocladia Lévi, 1964, are described from Macquarie Ridge seamounts and at other disparate locations: Abyssocladia lanceola sp. nov.

Stage-dependent prognostic shift in mismatch repair-deficient tumors: Assessing patient outcomes in stage II and III colon cancer.

Introduction: Deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) is associated with an improved prognosis in colon cancer stage II but poor prognosis in stage IV colon cancer. The clinical significance of dMMR in colon cancer stage III is not established.

Methods: Tissue microarrays (TMAs) from 544 patients with colon cancer stage II and III with clinicopathological and survival data were stained for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, CD3, CD8, and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and programmed death ligand- 1 (PD-L1).

Mapping Proteome Changes in Microsatellite Stable, Recurrent Colon Cancer Reveals a Significant Immune System Signature.

Background/aim: Better stratification of the risk of relapse will help select the right patients for adjuvant treatment and improve targeted therapies for patients with colon cancer.

Materials And Methods: To understand why a subset of tumors relapse, we compared the proteome of two groups of patients with colon cancer with similar stage, stratified based on the presence or absence of recurrence.

Results: Using tumor biopsies from the primary operation, we identified dissimilarity between recurrent and nonrecurrent mismatch satellite stable colon cancer and found that signaling related to immune activation and inflammation was associated with relapse.

Grab what you can-an evaluation of spatial replication to decrease heterogeneity in sediment eDNA metabarcoding.

Environmental DNA methods such as metabarcoding have been suggested as possible alternatives or complements to the current practice of morphology-based diversity assessment for characterizing benthic communities in marine sediment. However, the source volume used in sediment eDNA studies is several magnitudes lower than that used in morphological identification. Here, we used data from a North Sea benthic sampling station to investigate to what extent metabarcoding data is affected by sampling bias and spatial heterogeneity.

Evidence of Vent-Adaptation in Sponges Living at the Periphery of Hydrothermal Vent Environments: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications.

The peripheral areas of deep-sea hydrothermal vents are often inhabited by an assemblage of animals distinct to those living close to vent chimneys. For many such taxa, it is considered that peak abundances in the vent periphery relate to the availability of hard substrate as well as the increased concentrations of organic matter generated at vents, compared to background areas. However, the peripheries of vents are less well-studied than the assemblages of vent-endemic taxa, and the mechanisms through which peripheral fauna may benefit from vent environments are generally unknown.

Mismatch repair phenotype determines the implications of tumor grade and CDX2 expression in stage II-III colon cancer.

Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is an indicator of good prognosis in localized colon cancer but also associated with lack of expression of caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) and high tumor grade; markers that in isolation indicate a poor prognosis. Our study aims to identify clinically relevant prognostic subgroups by combining information about tumor grade, MMR phenotype, and CDX2 expression. Immunohistochemistry for MMR proteins and CDX2 was performed in 544 patients with colon cancer stage II-III, including a cohort from a randomized trial.

Validity and diagnostic performance of fluorescence optical imaging measuring synovitis in hand osteoarthritis: baseline results from the Nor-Hand cohort.

Objective: Fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) demonstrates enhanced microcirculation in finger joints as a sign of inflammation. We wanted to assess the validity and diagnostic performance of FOI measuring synovitis in persons with hand OA, comparing it with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)- and ultrasound-detected synovitis.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-one participants with hand OA underwent FOI and ultrasound (gray-scale synovitis and power Doppler activity) of the bilateral hands and contrast-enhanced MRI examination of the dominant hand.

Lifestyle, appearance satisfaction and depressive symptoms in 13-16 years old Norwegian adolescents - A cross-sectional study.

To examine gender-specific associations between multiple lifestyle-related risk factors, appearance satisfaction and depressive symptoms in a sample of Norwegian adolescents (13-16 years of age), and to study the role of appearance satisfaction as a possible confounder in the associations between lifestyle and depressive symptoms. Data were obtained from , a cross-sectional national survey of adolescents in Norway. In total 4379 subjects were included in the study.

Sleep problems and mental health among young Norwegian adolescents.

Purpose: The present study investigated the associations between the aspects of sleep problems and mental health in Norwegian young adolescents.

Materials And Methods: Adolescents (12-13 years) were recruited from the primary schools in Telemark County, Norway. Sleep related problems were assessed by asking parents three questions related to their childrens' sleep quality, sleep sufficiency, and daytime sleepiness.

A four-microRNA classifier as a novel prognostic marker for tumor recurrence in stage II colon cancer.

About 20 percent of TNM-stage II colon cancer patients who are treated by surgical resection develop recurrence, and adjuvant chemotherapy in this group is still debated among researchers and clinicians. Currently, adverse histopathological and clinical factors are used to select patients for adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery. However, additional biomarkers to classify patients at risk of recurrence are needed.

Identification of a sixteen-microRNA signature as prognostic biomarker for stage II and III colon cancer.

Despite advances in colon cancer research and novel therapies, high risk of recurrence remains a major challenge. This study reports miRNA expression profiling as a biomarker for the prognosis of TNM stage II and III colon cancer. Fresh frozen biopsies from the study cohort (N=111) were analyzed for miRNA by RT-qPCR and LASSO regression analysis was used to build a classifier of miRNAs.

The Microbiome and Occurrence of Methanotrophy in Carnivorous Sponges.

As shown by recent studies, filter-feeding sponges are known to host a wide variety of microorganisms. However, the microbial community of the non-filtering carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) has been the subject of less scrutiny. Here, we present the results from a comparative study of the methanotrophic carnivorous sponge from a mud volcano-rich area at the Barbados Accretionary Prism, and five carnivorous species from the Jan Mayen Vent Field (JMVF) at the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge.

The cladorhizid fauna (Porifera, Poecilosclerida) of the Caribbean and adjacent waters.

The carnivorous sponge family Cladorhizidae has been subject to several recent studies, yet the cladorhizid fauna of the Caribbean and adjacent areas remain comparatively poorly known. In this article we provide a description of the novel species Abyssocladia polycephalus sp. nov.

Cladorhiza corallophila sp. nov., a new carnivorous sponge (Cladorhizidae, Demospongiae) living in close association with Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Scleractinia).

In this study, we describe a new species of cladorhizid sponge, which shows a very peculiar mode of life: It always occurs in association with the scleractinian cold-water corals Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata. Although the sponge lives in nutrient-rich areas, we document its carnivorous feeding behavior. The identity of the new species was verified using molecular markers: the species is very closely related to the North-Atlantic Cladorhiza abyssicola, but it differs distinctly, and forms a monophyletic clade.

The systematics of carnivorous sponges.

Carnivorous sponges are characterized by their unique method of capturing mesoplanktonic prey coupled with the complete or partial reduction of the aquiferous system characteristic of the phylum Porifera. Current systematics place the vast majority of carnivorous sponges within Cladorhizidae, with certain species assigned to Guitarridae and Esperiopsidae. Morphological characters have not been able to show whether this classification is evolutionary accurate, and whether carnivory has evolved once or in several lineages.

Gender-specific association of weight perception and appearance satisfaction with slimming attempts and eating patterns in a sample of young Norwegian adolescents.

Objective: To examine gender-specific associations of weight perception and appearance satisfaction with slimming attempts and eating patterns among young Norwegian adolescents.

Design: Cross-sectional study. Adolescent dietary data were reported by parents using a retrospective FFQ.

Improving the quality of nursing students' clinical placements in nursing homes: an evaluation study.

The aim of this study was to explore students' experiences during their clinical placements in five nursing homes after implementing measures to improve the learning environment. It is vital to stimulate more future nurses to consider a career within geriatric wards and nursing homes. One way to achieve this, is to enhance nursing students' learning experiences during clinical placements in these settings.

Nuclear maspin expression as a predictive marker for fluorouracil treatment response in colon cancer.

Background: Maspin is a member of the serpin family of protease inhibitors whose function in colorectal cancer is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to determine whether level of maspin expression could have prognostic or predictive value in colorectal cancer.

Material And Methods: Maspin expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays obtained from 380 patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer randomized to adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil and levamisole (5-FU/Lev) or to surgery only (control), with scores (0-300) based on presence (0-100) and intensity (0-3) of maspin expression.

Associations between overweight, peer problems, and mental health in 12-13-year-old Norwegian children.

Overweight and mental health problems represent two major challenges related to child and adolescent health. More knowledge of a possible relationship between the two problems and the influence of peer problems on the mental health of overweight children is needed. It has previously been hypothesized that peer problems may be an underlying factor in the association between overweight and mental health problems.

Nursing students' perceptions of their clinical learning environment in placements outside traditional hospital settings.

Aims And Objectives: To explore students' opinions of the learning environment during clinical placement in settings outside traditional hospital settings.

Background: Clinical placement experiences may influence positively on nursing students attitudes towards the clinical setting in question. Most studies exploring the quality of clinical placements have targeted students' experience in hospital settings.