Formative research identifying message strategies for a campus bicycle safety campaign using self-determination theory and the social norms approach.

This formative study investigates the utility of the social norms approach (SNA) and self-determination theory (SDT) in framing safe bicycling messages with the goal of increasing intention to use bicycle lanes on a university campus. In Study 1, observational data showed that the majority of campus bicyclists did not use designated bike lanes while cycling; thus, intention to use bicycle lanes was chosen as the dependent variable for Study 2. Survey data (n = 168) collected from college students measured SNA and SDT constructs related to intention to use bicycle lanes, including descriptive norms, injunctive norms, autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

Variability Timescale and Spectral Index of Sgr A* in the Near Infrared: Approximate Bayesian Computation Analysis of the Variability of the Closest Supermassive Black Hole.

Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is the variable radio, near-infrared (NIR), and X-ray source associated with accretion onto the Galactic center black hole. We present an analysis of the most comprehensive NIR variability data set of Sgr A* to date: eight 24 hr epochs of continuous monitoring of Sgr A* at 4.5 m with the IRAC instrument on the , 93 epochs of 2.

Seven temperate terrestrial planets around the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1.

One aim of modern astronomy is to detect temperate, Earth-like exoplanets that are well suited for atmospheric characterization. Recently, three Earth-sized planets were detected that transit (that is, pass in front of) a star with a mass just eight per cent that of the Sun, located 12 parsecs away. The transiting configuration of these planets, combined with the Jupiter-like size of their host star-named TRAPPIST-1-makes possible in-depth studies of their atmospheric properties with present-day and future astronomical facilities.

Evaluation of biodiesel's impact on real-world occupational and environmental particulate matter exposures at a municipal facility in Keene, NH.

Many organizations are interested in biodiesel as a renewable, domestic energy source for use in transportation and heavy-duty equipment. Although numerous biodiesel studies exist, biodiesel studies are nearly absent from the literature. This study compared the impact of petroleum diesel fuel and a B20 blend (20% soy-based biodiesel/80% petroleum diesel) on occupational and environmental exposures at a rural municipal facility in Keene, NH.

The os supranaviculare and navicular stress fractures.

Tarsal navicular stress fractures are injuries more commonly observed in athletes involved in sprinting and jumping sports. Known risk factors for the development of navicular stress fractures include pes cavus, metatarsus adductus, limited subtalar or ankle motion, medial narrowing of the talonavicular joint, as well as a short first metatarsal. The presence of an os supranaviculare has yet to be described as a predisposing factor in the occurrence of navicular stress fractures.

Biodiesel versus diesel: a pilot study comparing exhaust exposures for employees at a rural municipal facility.

Many organizations interested in renewable, domestic energy have switched from petroleum diesel to biodiesel blends for use in transportation and heavy-duty equipment. Although considerable evidence exists on the negative health effects of petroleum diesel exhaust exposures in occupational settings, there has been little research examining biodiesel exposures. Working collaboratively with a local municipality, concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and other air toxics were measured at a recycling facility in southwestern New Hampshire while heavy equipment operated first on petroleum diesel and then on a B20 blend (20% soy-based biodiesel/80% petroleum diesel).

Atomic-level mapping of antibody epitopes on a GPCR.

Epitopes that define the immunodominant regions of conformationally complex integral membrane proteins have been difficult to reliably delineate. Here, a high-throughput approach termed shotgun mutagenesis was used to map the binding epitopes of five different monoclonal antibodies targeting the GPCR CCR5. The amino acids, and in some cases the atoms, that comprise the critical contact points of each epitope were identified, defining the immunodominant structures of this GPCR and their physicochemistry.

Spitzer spectral observations of the deep impact ejecta.

Spitzer Space Telescope imaging spectrometer observations of comet 9P/Tempel 1 during the Deep Impact encounter returned detailed, highly structured, 5- to 35-micrometer spectra of the ejecta. Emission signatures due to amorphous and crystalline silicates, amorphous carbon, carbonates, phyllosilicates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, water gas and ice, and sulfides were found. Good agreement is seen between the ejecta spectra and the material emitted from comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) and the circumstellar material around the young stellar object HD100546.

Production responses by early lactation cows to whole sunflower seed or tallow supplementation of a diet based on barley.

A 2-yr study to evaluate the effectiveness of whole sunflower seed as a source of fat was conducted with 18 primiparous and 31 multiparous Holstein cows. The three diets evaluated were a basal diet based on barley (control), a basal diet supplemented with 2.7% tallow, and a basal diet supplemented with 7.

Influence of moist heat treatment on ruminal and intestinal disappearance of amino acids from canola meal.

Three mature Angus steers fitted with large ruminal cannulas and three Holstein steers each fitted with T-shaped cannulas in the proximal duodenum and reentrant cannulas in the terminal ileum were used to study the effect of moist heat treatment on AA digestion of canola meal in each segment of the digestive tract. Canola meal was treated with moist heat at 127 degrees C for 15 or 45 min. Degradation of AA in the rumen was estimated using small nylon bags incubated for .

The SMS-CESF Medical Outcomes Research Project.

After reviewing the environment of cost, quality data collection and analysis, the State Medical Society of Wisconsin Task Force on Quality Assessment and Implementation of Practice Parameters concluded it is critical for the SMS to take a dynamic role in sponsoring the development and use of medical outcomes research. The initial emphasis will be on chronic diseases and health conditions representative of a large percentage of the Wisconsin patient population and involve physicians from diverse practice settings. The physicians of Wisconsin have a singular opportunity to seize the day by supporting and participating in a non-proprietary, regional study of patient medical outcomes.

Detection of estrus by radiotelemetric monitoring of vaginal and ear skin temperature and pedometer measurements of activity.

Methods to improve detection of estrus in dairy cows have been studied extensively without wide acceptance of any one method. In the present study, the use of body temperatures and pedometer-monitored activity were evaluated as methods of estrus detection. Twice daily activity levels of 13 lactating cows were monitored using pedometers, and vaginal and ear skin temperature measurements were made continuously using radiotelemetry.

Lactational response of dairy cows to oral administration of L-tyrosine.

Tyrosine was administered to lactating cows to determine if the lack of response to canola meal treated with formaldehyde could be due to failure to increase uptake of tyrosine. Disappearance of free tyrosine from nylon bags suspended in the rumen of a fistulated steer was 27.4% after 12 h.

Studies on the effects of rapeseed meal on thyroid status of cattle, glucosinolate and iodine content of milk and other parameters.

The effects of feeding rapeseed meals (RSM) containing low (Tower) or high (Target/Turret) levels of glucosinolates on thyroid status, iodine and glucosinolate content of milk and other parameters were studied in dairy cows and young calves. RSM (Tower and Turret) fed to dairy cows at 25% of the grain mixture reduced iodine content of milk. Diets containing Tower and Turret RSM tended to reduce plasma thyroxine (T4) in cows and increase the size of thyroids in rats.

Isolation and characterization of lymphocyte associated foamy virus from a red uakari monkey (Cacajao rubicundus).

A syncytium-forming virus was isolated from the lymphocytes of a uakari monkey 70 days after establishing a lymphocyte/owl monkey kidney coculture in the wild. The morphology and morphogenesis of the virus, plus its physicochemical characteristics indicate that the agent is a foamy virus. An unusal cell alteration found in cultures infected with this foamy was the formation of eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion in association with the syncytia.