Maternal schooling and child's age interaction and its association with ultra-processed food consumption in Brazilian children <5 years of age: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

Background: The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has increased worldwide, including among children. Maternal schooling has been associated with children's UPF consumption. The present study examined the interaction between maternal schooling and child age in the association with UPF consumption in Brazilian children <5 years.

Comparison of Upper Central Incisor Torque in the ClinCheck with and without CBCT Integration: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Controlling root movement is one of the greatest challenges in orthodontic treatment with aligners, like Invisalign aligners. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) integration into ClinCheck, enabling bone and root visualisation, allows a more accurate follow-up of the teeth position. This study aims to compare torque measurements of the upper central incisors with and without CBCT and relate them to the upper incisor inclination and facial biotype.

Trends in Complementary Feeding Indicators in Children Aged 6-23 Months According to Participation in a Conditional Cash Transfer Program: Data from the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, 2015-2019.

Inadequate practices during complementary feeding are associated with malnutrition, especially in children experiencing vulnerable conditions and social inequality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends in complementary feeding indicators (CFIs) according to participation in a Brazilian cash transferu program-the Program (BFP). This was a time-series study with secondary data from 600,138 children assisted from 2015 to 2019 and registered within the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System.

Research on commercial milk formulas for young children: A scoping review.

A scoping review of publications about commercial milk formulas intended for or consumed by children 12-36 months (CMF 12-36) was conducted. This review aimed to comprehensively map the existing literature, identify key concepts in the field and understand its evolution through time. A total of 3329 articles were screened and 220 were included, published between 1986 and 2024.

Serum Zinc Concentrations by Inflammation Status, Time of Day, and Fasting Status for Estimating Zinc Deficiency in 6-59-Mo-Old Children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

Background: Serum zinc concentration (SZC) is considered the best biomarker of zinc status in population-level evaluations. However, zinc deficiency (ZD) estimations can be biased if they do not consider blood collection timing, inflammation, and fasting status.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine SZC without and with adjustment for inflammation, according to blood collection timing and fasting status, estimate ZD prevalence, and evaluate the associated factors with ZD in a representative sample of Brazilian children aged <5 y.

Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency in Brazilian children under 5 years of age: Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

To analyse the association of socio-demographic and health factors with vitamin D insufficiency and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in Brazilian children aged 6-59 months. Data from 8145 children from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) were analysed. The serum concentration of 25(OHD)D was measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay.

sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium isolated from the Atlantic Ocean.

A bacterial strain, PhyBa_CO2_2, was isolated from the North Atlantic Gyre, offshore Terceira Island in the Azores. Initially, the NCBI nucleotide blast analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain belongs to the genus , with a 100 % identity with LMG 19861. However, further genomic characterization through average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization analyses showed values of 96.

Social-Emotional Skills, Career Adaptability, and Agentic School Engagement of First-Year High School Students.

The transition to the first year of high school constitutes a critical moment because it corresponds to the implementation of a career choice, which can impact students' satisfaction and psychosocial adjustment. The career construction model of adaptation holds potential to explain how students adapt to high school, by suggesting linkages among adaptive readiness, resources, responses, and results. However, research applying the career construction model to school transitions, combining social-emotional, career, and academic variables is still needed.

Baby food industry interference with infant feeding international regulation-A case study on the standard for follow-up formula.

Introduction: Globally, first-food systems have changed and breastfeeding has decreased due to the increased growth in commercial breast milk substitute (BMS) consumption, which includes both follow-up and toddler formulas. These products are manufactured by a small number of corporate leaders in international BMS sales. Discussions for global regulation of these products take place in the Codex Alimentarius and are permeated by the strong participation of these corporations in the Codex committees.

Organizational Food Environments: Advancing Their Conceptual Model.

Understanding the complexity of the elements that constitute organizational food environments and their operating dynamics is essential to improving their healthiness. This study developed a conceptual model of organizational food environments. For this purpose, a comprehensive literature review was conducted, a first version of the conceptual model was prepared, a panel of experts was consulted, the model was improved, a second panel of experts was consulted, and the model was finalized.

Association of vitamin A with anemia and serum hepcidin levels in children aged 6 to 59 mo.

Objective: This study evaluates the association of serum retinol, hepcidin levels, and anemia in children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 312 children, ages 6 to 59 mo, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The association between hepcidin and retinol levels, hematologic parameters, and body mass index (BMI) was analyzed using a generalized linear model with and without adjustment for C-reactive protein (CRP) level.

Non-redundant functions of H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 in chromosome segregation and cell cycle progression.

H2A.Z is a H2A-type histone variant essential for many aspects of cell biology, ranging from gene expression to genome stability. From deuterostomes, H2A.

Reproducibility and Validity of Capillary Dried Blood Spot for Diagnosis of Vitamin A Deficiency and Anemia in Children <5 Years Old.

Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and anemia are the most prevalent nutritional deficiency in children globally. The dried blood spot (DBS) method has been used in prevalence studies of VAD and anemia in different age groups. However, it has not yet been validated for children.

Development and Application of Healthiness Indicators for Commercial Establishments That Sell Foods for Immediate Consumption.

Studies of food environments lack easy-to-apply indicators for their characterization and monitoring. This study aimed to create and assess the applicability of an a priori classification of establishments that sell foods for immediate consumption and to develop and apply indicators for assessment of the establishments' healthiness. The indicators were grouped by the types of foods sold most frequently at these establishments, according to the extent and purpose of the foods' industrial processing.

Altered nuclear architecture in blood cells from Huntington's disease patients.

Background: Cell nuclear architecture has been explored in cancer and laminopathies but not in neurodegenerative disorders. Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to neuronal death. Chromosome-wide changes in gene expression have been reported in HD, not only in the brain but also in peripheral blood cells, but whether this translates into nuclear and chromosome architecture alterations has not yet been studied.

Viruses in the Nucleus.

Viral infection is intrinsically linked to the capacity of the virus to generate progeny. Many DNA and some RNA viruses need to access the nuclear machinery and therefore transverse the nuclear envelope barrier through the nuclear pore complex. Viral genomes then become chromatinized either in their episomal form or upon integration into the host genome.

Opposing p53 and mTOR/AKT promote an in vivo switch from apoptosis to senescence upon telomere shortening in zebrafish.

Progressive telomere shortening during lifespan is associated with restriction of cell proliferation, genome instability and aging. Apoptosis and senescence are the two major outcomes upon irreversible cellular damage. Here, we show a transition of these two cell fates during aging of telomerase deficient zebrafish.

Antibiotics from Haloarchaea: What Can We Learn from Comparative Genomics?

The knowledge of antibiotics produced by Archaea (archaeocins) is still limited. So far, only two types of archaeocins are known: (i) sulfolobicins, produced by the extremely thermophilic Sulfolobus spp. and (ii) haloarcheocins, produced by halophilic archaea.

Reproducibility and validity of portable haemoglobinometer for the diagnosis of anaemia in children under the age of 5 years.

Portable haemoglobinometers have been used in order to estimate the prevalence of anaemia in diverse settings. However, few studies have been conducted to evaluate their performance in children of different age groups in distinct epidemiological contexts. To evaluate the reproducibility and reliability of a portable haemoglobinometer for the diagnosis of anaemia in children <5 years Hb was measured in the venous blood of 351 children <5 years by an automated system (standard method) and in three capillary blood samples, using a portable haemoglobinometer (HemoCue; test method).

The Differential Role of Central and Bridge Symptoms in Deactivating Psychopathological Networks.

The network model of psychopathology suggests that central and bridge symptoms represent promising treatment targets because they may accelerate the deactivation of the network of interactions between the symptoms of mental disorders. However, the evidence confirming this hypothesis is scarce. This study re-analyzed a convenience sample of 51 cross-sectional psychopathological networks published in previous studies addressing diverse mental disorders or clinically relevant problems.

Performance and microbial community structure of an aerobic granular sludge system at different phenolic acid concentrations.

The present work aims to use aerobic granular sludge technology for the treatment of wastewater containing high organic matter loads and a mixture of phenolic compounds normally present in olive washing water. The physicochemical performance of five bioreactors treating different concentrations of mixture of phenolic acid was monitored to observe the response of the systems. The bioreactors that operated at 50, 100 and 300 mg L did not show relevant changes in terms of performance and granules properties, showing high ratio of phenolic compound removal ratio.

Hypoxic Environment Promotes Barrier Formation in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells through Regulation of MicroRNA 320a Expression.

Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are exposed to the low-oxygen environment present in the lumen of the gut. These hypoxic conditions on one hand are fundamental for the survival of the commensal microbiota and, on the other hand, favor the formation of a selective semipermeable barrier, allowing IECs to transport essential nutrients/water while keeping the sterile internal compartments separated from the lumen containing commensals. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) complex, which allows cells to respond and adapt to fluctuations in oxygen levels, has been described as a key regulator in maintaining IEC barrier function by regulating their tight junction integrity.