The Challenge of Implementing Digital Twins in Operating Value Chains.

The concept of digital twins has become increasingly popular in recent years. To exploit their full potential, integration of systems and data across entire value chains is required. Implementing digital twins to newly built plants or production lines is challenging and even more complicated for currently operating production processes or factories.

Comparison of four different mobile devices for measuring heart rate and ECG with respect to aspects of usability and acceptance by older people.

In the area of product design and usability, most products are developed for the mass-market by technically oriented designers and developers for use by persons who themselves are also technically adept by today's standards. The demands of older people are commonly not given sufficient consideration within the early developmental process. In the present study, the usability and acceptability of four different devices meant to be worn for the measurement of heart rate or ECG were analyzed on the basis of qualitative subjective user ratings and structured interviews of twelve older participants.