[Primary care nurses' difficulties in advance care planning processes: A qualitative study].

Objective: To know the primary care nurses' difficulties to promote advance care planning process with patients in the end of life.

Design: Phenomenological qualitative methodology.

Location: Health Management Area North of Jaén.

Content of Public Health Ethics Postgraduate Courses in the United States.

Unlabelled: This paper evaluates the content of the syllabi of postgraduate courses on public health ethics (PHE) within accredited schools and programs of public health (PH) in the United States in order to gain an awareness of the topics addressed within these courses.

Methods: Data was gathered via the analysis of syllabi of courses on PHE. In 2012, information was requested by e-mail from the 48 schools and 86 PH programs accredited by the U.

Stability over time in the preferences of older persons for life-sustaining treatment.

Objective: To measure the stability of life-sustaining treatment preferences amongst older people and analyse the factors that influence stability.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: Primary care centres, Granada (Spain).

[Euthanasia in Belgium].

The experience of the Netherlands in relation with the legalization and practice of euthanasia is better known in Spain than the Belgian experience in this matter. But the historical process of social debate in Belgium has many specific details which should be known by Spanish healthcare professionals, bioethicists, politicians and lawyers. This paper begins with a comparative analysis of both countries: Spain and Belgium and follows with a description of the milestones of the historical process of debating and, finally, passing the Belgian Law on Euthanasia in 2002.

End-of-life healthcare decisions, ethics and law: the debate in Spain.

The debate on euthanasia in Spain has been ongoing from the beginning of the 20th century and remains extant. Three periods can be identified: prior to 1978, 1978-2002, and after 2002. The debate increased significantly after the Ramon Sampedro case (1995-1998), and was fuelled with new, although very different cases, such as those of Leganés (2005-2008), Jorge Leon (2006) or Inmaculada Echevarria (2006-2007).

Are the health messages in schoolbooks based on scientific evidence? A descriptive study.

Background: Most textbooks contains messages relating to health. This profuse information requires analysis with regards to the quality of such information. The objective was to identify the scientific evidence on which the health messages in textbooks are based.

Advance directives and proxies' predictions about patients' treatment preferences.

The accuracy of proxies when they interpret advance directives or apply substituted decision-making criteria has been called into question. It therefore became important to know if the Andalusian Advance Directive Form (AADF) can help to increase the accuracy of proxies' predictions. The aim of this research was to compare the effect of the AADF on the accuracy of proxies' predictions about patients' preferences with that gained from informative and deliberative sessions about end-of-life decision making.

[Life support treatment preferences in critical health situations].

Objective: To explore citizens' treatment preferences in critical health situations.

Method: We performed a cross-sectional study through a questionnaire administered to 306 participants, randomly selected from nursing consultations, cultural centers, nursing homes and the university. Treatment preferences in critical health situations were measured through the Life Support Preferences Questionnaire (LSPQ).

[Not Available].

The debate about the "right to die with dignity" will only be productive if the words used are constructed properly. "Euthanasia" is probably the word that most needs further clarification. This word is frequently abused and still remains unclear.

[Grammatical readability of the package leaflets of the medicinal products most widely consumed and generating the highest expense in Spain during 2005].

Background: The manufacturers of medicinal products are responsible for providing consumers proper information on the use of such products. This information is set out in the package leaflets which, according to current legislation, must be easy for patients to read and understand. The purpose of this study is to analyse the linguistic/grammatical readability of the package leaflets of medicinal products through application of the Flesch formula.

[Validation of the Life-Support Preferences Questionnaire (LSPQ) for its use in Spain].

Objective: To validate the Life-Support Preferences Questionnaire (LSPQ) for its use in Spain.

Design: Three-stage study: a) translation and linguistic adaptation; b) evaluation of its validity; and c) validation of its psychometric properties.

Setting: Nine primary care nursing clinics and 2 university classes in Granada, Spain.

[Presence of current child and adolescent health priorities in school textbooks].

Background: Textbooks are an educational tool for learning health habits. The aim of this study was to determine how these textbooks present the health priorities defined by health organizations to children and teenagers.

Method: We performed a descriptive study in 3 steps: a) the priorities defined by health organizations were identified; b) the messages on health in the textbooks used in the schools of a municipality were identified, and c) the extent to which these messages fitted the priorities established was analyzed.

[Ethical criteria for substitute decision-making in people without capacity].

Nowadays healthcare relationships rest on the recognition of the right of patients to take part in the decisions about their health. This idea is the foundation of the informed consent theory. Nevertheless, problem arises when the patient cannot take part in these decisions because he hasn't enough capacity.