Utilizing Artificial Intelligence and Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer to Answer Questions About Clinical Scenarios in Neuroanesthesiology.

Objective: We tested the ability of chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT), an artificial intelligence chatbot, to answer questions relevant to scenarios covered in 3 clinical guidelines, published by the Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SNACC), which has published management guidelines: endovascular treatment of stroke, perioperative stroke (Stroke), and care of patients undergoing complex spine surgery (Spine).

Methods: Four neuroanesthesiologists independently assessed whether ChatGPT could apply 52 high-quality recommendations (HQRs) included in the 3 SNACC guidelines. HQRs were deemed present in the ChatGPT responses if noted by at least 3 of the 4 reviewers.

Injectable Adhesive Hydrogels for Soft tissue Reconstruction: A Materials Chemistry Perspective.

Injectable bioadhesives offer several advantages over conventional staples and sutures in surgery to seal and close incisions or wounds. Despite the growing research in recent years few injectable bioadhesives are available for clinical use. This review summarizes the key chemical features that enable the development and improvements in the use of polymeric injectable hydrogels as bioadhesives or sealants, their design requirements, the gelation mechanism, synthesis routes, and the role of adhesion mechanisms and strategies in different biomedical applications.

Crystal structure of a trigonal polymorph of aqua-dioxidobis(pentane-2,4-dionato-κ ,')uranium(VI).

The title compound, [UO(acac)(HO)] consists of a uran-yl(VI) unit ([O=U=O]) coordinated to two monoanionic acetyl-acetonate (acac, CHO) ligands and one water mol-ecule. The asymmetric unit includes a one-half of a uranium atom, one oxido ion, one-half of a water mol-ecule and one acac ligand. The coordination about the uranium atom is distorted penta-gonal-bipyramidal.

Sex Hormones, Metabolic Status, and Obesity in Female Patients with Acne Vulgaris Along with Clinical Correlation: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological disorder. Several hormones are suspected to play a role in its etiopathogenesis.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the role of sex-hormones, metabolic status, and obesity in acne vulgaris and correlate with its severity and symptom load.

A review on antiviral and immunomodulatory polysaccharides from Indian medicinal plants, which may be beneficial to COVID-19 infected patients.

The emergence of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 has pushed forward the world to experience the first pandemic of this century. Any specific drug against this RNA virus is yet to be discovered and presently, the COVID-19 infected patients are being treated symptomatically. During the last few decades, a number of polysaccharides with potential biological activities have been invented from Indian medicinal plants.

Biologically active polysaccharide from edible mushrooms: A review.

Mushrooms are renewable natural gift for humankind, furnished with unique taste, flavor and medicinal properties. For the last few decades study of mushroom polysaccharides has become a matter of great interest to the researchers for their immunomodulating, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antitumor properties. Molecular mass, branching configuration, conformation of polysaccharides and chemical modification are the major factors influencing their biological activities.

CO release from Mn(i)-based photoCORMs with single photons in the phototherapeutic region.

Both the instrumentation required for two photon excitation (TPE) and tissue damage possibility by high intensity laser lights could impede TPE-induced CO delivery in hospital settings. Herein we report two Mn(i)-based photoCORMs with a fac-{Mn(CO)} moiety that exhibit facile CO release upon simple exposure to light within the phototherapeutic region (no TPE required).

Polymers and Composites Derived from Castor Oil as Sustainable Materials and Degradable Biomaterials: Current Status and Emerging Trends.

Recent years have seen rapid growth in utilizing vegetable oils to derive a wide variety of polymers to replace petroleum-based polymers for minimizing environmental impact. Nonedible castor oil (CO) can be extracted from castor plants that grow easily, even in an arid land. CO is a promising source for developing several polymers such as polyurethanes, polyesters, polyamides, and epoxy-polymers.

Structural studies of immunomodulatory (1 → 3)-, (1 → 4)-α glucan from an edible mushroom Polyporus grammocephalus.

A water soluble polysaccharide (PGPS) with molecular weight ~ 1.4 × 10 Da was isolated by alkali treatment from an edible mushroom Polyporus grammocephalus and purified by gel chromatography using sepharose-6B column. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that PGPS was made up of glucose only.

Room temperature blooming of CeO 3D nanoflowers under sonication and catalytic efficacy towards CO conversion.

Carbon monoxide (CO), being a highly toxic gas, bears hazardous effects on human health and contributes majorly to environmental pollution. It is mostly produced by automobile exhausts and incomplete combustion of carbon-containing substances. Thus, the development of catalysts for CO conversion is highly imperative and has always gained interest for real field applications.

COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention.

The COVID-19 pandemic is considered as the most crucial global health calamity of the century and the greatest challenge that the humankind faced since the 2nd World War. In December 2019, a new infectious respiratory disease emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province, China and was named by the World Health Organization as COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). A new class of corona virus, known as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has been found to be responsible for occurrence of this disease.

Enhanced Bactericidal Effects of Pyrazinamide Toward and upon Conjugation to a {Au(I)-triphenylphosphine} Moiety.

As part of the quest for new gold drugs, we have explored the efficacy of three gold complexes derived from the tuberculosis drug pyrazinamide (PZA), namely, the gold(I) complex [Au(PPh)(PZA)]OTf (, OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate) and two gold(III) complexes [Au(PZA)Cl] () and [Au(PZO)Cl] (, PZO = pyrazinoic acid, the metabolic product of PZA) against two mycobacteria, and . Only complex with the {Au(PPh)} moiety exhibits significant bactericidal activity against both strains. In the presence of thiols, gives rise to free PZA and {Au(PPh)}-thiol polymeric species.

Structural characterization of a heteroglycan from an edible mushroom Termitomyces heimii.

A water soluble heteroglycan (THPS) of an average molecular weight ~1.98 × 10 Da was isolated from the aqueous extract of the fruit bodies of an edible mushroom Termitomyces heimii. Structural characterization of THPS was carried out using acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation and 1D/2D NMR studies.

unsupervised learning using stochastic switching in magneto-electric magnetic tunnel junctions.

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a bio-plausible and potentially power-efficient alternative to conventional deep learning. Although there has been progress towards implementing SNN functionalities in custom CMOS-based hardware using beyond Von Neumann architectures, the power-efficiency of the human brain has remained elusive. This has necessitated investigations of novel material systems which can efficiently mimic the functional units of SNNs, such as neurons and synapses.

Therapeutic Potential of Two Visible Light Responsive Luminescent photoCORMs: Enhanced Cellular Internalization Driven by Lipophilicity.

Herein we report the synthesis, characterization, and cellular internalization properties of two visible-light active luminescent Mn-based photoCORMs. The enhanced membrane permeability of the photoactive Mn carbonyl complex (photoCORM) derived from a designed lipophilic ligand namely, [Mn(CO)(Imdansyl)()](CFSO) () (where = a diazabutadiene-based ligand containing two highly lipophilic adamantyl motifs, Imdansyl = dansylimidazole) promoted rapid internalization within human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells compared to [Mn(CO)(Imdansyl)()](CFSO) () (where = a diazabutadiene ligand bearing two hydrophilic 1,3,5-triazaadamantyl group). Colocalization experiments using membrane stain indicate different extents of localization of the two CO complexes within the cellular matrix.

Facet-Dependent Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Using Pristine CeO Nanostructures.

This work comprises the shape- and facet-dependent catalytic efficacies of different morphologies of CeO, namely, hexagonal, rectangular, and square. The formation of different shapes of CeO is controlled using polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a surfactant. The surface reactivity of formation of differently exposed CeO facets is thoroughly investigated using UV-visible, photoluminescence, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies.

Nitrite Reduction by Trinuclear Copper Pyrazolate Complexes: An Example of a Catalytic, Synthetic Polynuclear NO Releasing System.

Two trinuclear Cu pyrazolato complexes with a Cu(μ-E)-core (E = O or OH) and terminal nitrite ligands in two coordination modes were characterized crystallographically, spectroscopically, and electrochemically. One-electron oxidation of the μ-O species produces a delocalized, mixed-valent, formally CuCu-nitrite, but no nitrate. In contrast, under reducing conditions-addition of PhSH as an electron and proton donor-both complexes mediate the reduction of nitrite, releasing NO.

Effect of bovine serum albumin on tartrate-modified manganese ferrite nano hollow spheres: spectroscopic and toxicity study.

The emerging category of magneto-fluorescent tartrate-modified MnFeO nano hollow spheres (T-MnFeO NHSs) can be considered as promising candidates for biomedical applications. The interaction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with T-MnFeO NHSs has been studied using several spectroscopic techniques, which suggest that the interaction occurs by an electrostatic mechanism. Furthermore, BSA enhances the charge transfer transition from the tartrate ligand to the metal ions along with the d-d transition of Fe ions on NHSs surfaces at different pH.

Perovskite nickelates as bio-electronic interfaces.

Functional interfaces between electronics and biological matter are essential to diverse fields including health sciences and bio-engineering. Here, we report the discovery of spontaneous (no external energy input) hydrogen transfer from biological glucose reactions into SmNiO, an archetypal perovskite quantum material. The enzymatic oxidation of glucose is monitored down to ~5 × 10 M concentration via hydrogen transfer to the nickelate lattice.

Spontaneous Resolution by Crystallization of an Octanuclear Iron(III) Complex Using Only Racemic Reagents.

The P and M enantiomers of the octanuclear [Fe (μ -O) (μ-4-Cl-pz) Cl ] complex, having T symmetry, were resolved by temporary substitution of chloride ligands by racemic 4- Bu-phenolates and subsequent crystallization, where the (S)- and (R)-phenolates coordinate selectively to the M and P complexes, respectively. The complexes were characterized by circular dichroism analysis and X-ray structure determination. This work constitutes a rare example of enantiomeric recognition resulting in spontaneous resolution upon crystallization.

Simultaneous nitrosylation and N-nitrosation of a Ni-thiolate model complex of Ni-containing SOD.

Nitric oxide (NO) is used as a substrate analogue/spectroscopic probe of metal sites that bind and activate oxygen and its derivatives. To assess the interaction of superoxide with the Ni center in Ni-containing superoxide dismutase (NiSOD), we studied the reaction of NO and NO with the model complex, EtN[Ni(nmp)(SPh--NH--CF)] (; nmp = dianion of -(2-mercaptoethyl)picolinamide; SPh--NH--CF = 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenethiolate) and its oxidized analogue , respectively. The ultimate products of these reactions are the disulfide of SPh--NH--CF and the ,-bridged tetrameric complex [Ni(nmp)], a result of S-based redox activity.

Toward Fast Neural Computing using All-Photonic Phase Change Spiking Neurons.

The rapid growth of brain-inspired computing coupled with the inefficiencies in the CMOS implementations of neuromrphic systems has led to intense exploration of efficient hardware implementations of the functional units of the brain, namely, neurons and synapses. However, efforts have largely been invested in implementations in the electrical domain with potential limitations of switching speed, packing density of large integrated systems and interconnect losses. As an alternative, neuromorphic engineering in the photonic domain has recently gained attention.

Magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement in vitro and in vivo by octanuclear iron-oxo cluster-based agents.

A water-soluble octanuclear cluster, [Fe], was studied with regard to its properties as a potential contrast enhancing agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in magnetic fields of 1.3, 7.2 and 11.

Cationic Au(I) complexes with aryl-benzothiazoles and their antibacterial activity.

Two cationic Au(I) complexes derived from aryl-benzothiazoles, namely [(PPh)Au(pbt)](OTf) (1) and [(PPh)Au(qbt)](OTf) (2) (where pbt = 2‑(pyridyl)benzothiazole and qbt = (quinolyl)benzothiazole, and OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate anion), have been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Both complexes exhibit strong antibacterial effects against Gram-negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Results of examination of the reactions of 1 and 2 indicate that these cationic Au(I) complexes rapidly cross the bacterial membrane and exert drug action by disrupting cellular function(s) through binding of cytosolic thiol-containing peptides (such as glutathione) and proteins to the highly reactive (PPh)Au intermediate formed upon in situ dissociation of pbt or qbt.