Enzyme-delivery Metal-organic Framework Composite Coatings for Restoration of Hyperglycemia-damaged Osteoblast Differentiation.

There is a significant clinical need to develop effective treatments for bone defects in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), as they are at higher risk of fractures and impaired healing. Guided bone tissue engineering using biocompatible and biodegradable polymers is a promising approach. However, current diabetic bone regenerative therapies often fail due to the accumulation of advanced glycation products, which can affect the integration of traditional tissue engineering scaffolds with native bone.

Biodegradable poly(caprolactone fumarate) 3D printed scaffolds for segmental bone defects within the Masquelet technique.

Segmental bone defects, often clinically treated with nondegradable poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) in multistage surgeries, present a significant clinical challenge. Our study investigated the efficacy of 3D printed biodegradable polycaprolactone fumarate (PCLF)/PCL spacers in a one-stage surgical intervention for these defects, focusing on early bone regeneration influenced by spacer porosities. We compared nonporous PCLF/PCL and PMMA spacers, conventionally molded into cylinders, with porous PCLF/PCL spacers, 3D printed to structurally mimic segmental defects in rat femurs for a 4-week implantation study.

Additively manufactured Ti-Ta-Cu alloys for the next-generation load-bearing implants.

Bacterial colonization of orthopedic implants is one of the leading causes of failure and clinical complexities for load-bearing metallic implants. Topical or systemic administration of antibiotics may not offer the most efficient defense against colonization, especially in the case of secondary infection, leading to surgical removal of implants and in some cases even limbs. In this study, laser powder bed fusion was implemented to fabricate Ti3Al2V alloy by a 1:1 weight mixture of CpTi and Ti6Al4V powders.

Porous metal implants: processing, properties, and challenges.

Porous and functionally graded materials have seen extensive applications in modern biomedical devices-allowing for improved site-specific performance; their appreciable mechanical, corrosive, and biocompatible properties are highly sought after for lightweight and high-strength load-bearing orthopedic and dental implants. Examples of such porous materials are metals, ceramics, and polymers. Although, easy to manufacture and lightweight, porous polymers do not inherently exhibit the required mechanical strength for hard tissue repair or replacement.

Improving Biocompatibility for Next Generation of Metallic Implants.

The increasing need for joint replacement surgeries, musculoskeletal repairs, and orthodontics worldwide prompts emerging technologies to evolve with healthcare's changing landscape. Metallic orthopaedic materials have a shared application history with the aerospace industry, making them only partly efficient in the biomedical domain. However, suitability of metallic materials in bone tissue replacements and regenerative therapies remains unchallenged due to their superior mechanical properties, eventhough they are not perfectly biocompatible.

3D Printing in alloy design to improve biocompatibility in metallic implants.

3D Printing (3DP) or additive manufacturing (AM) enables parts with complex shapes, design flexibility, and customization opportunities for defect specific patient-matched implants. 3DP or AM also offers a design platform that can be used to innovate novel alloys for application-specific compositional modifications. In medical applications, the biological response from a host tissue depends on a biomaterial's structural and compositional properties in the physiological environment.

3D Printing for Bone Regeneration.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to illustrate the current state of 3D printing (3DP) technology used in biomedical industry towards bone regeneration. We have focused our efforts towards correlating materials and structural design aspects of 3DP with biological response from host tissue upon implantation. The primary question that we have tried to address is-can 3DP be a viable technology platform for bone regeneration devices?

Recent Findings: Recent findings show that 3DP is a versatile technology platform for numerous materials for mass customizable bone regeneration devices that are also getting approval from different regulatory bodies worldwide.

Direct comparison of additively manufactured porous titanium and tantalum implants towards osseointegration.

Material properties of implants such as volume porosity and nanoscale surface modification have been shown to enhance cell-material interactions and osseointegration . Porous tantalum (Ta) and titanium (Ti) coatings are widely used for non-cemented implants, which are fabricated using different processing routes. In recent years, some of those implants are being manufactured using additive manufacturing.

Electrically polarized TiO nanotubes on Ti implants to enhance early-stage osseointegration.

Ti is characteristically bioinert and is supplemented with modifications in surface topography and chemistry to find use in biomedical applications. The aim of this study is to understand the effects of surface charge on TiO nanotubes (TNT) on Ti implants towards early stage osseointegration. We hypothesize that charge storage on TNT will improve bioactivity and enhance early-stage osseointegration in vivo.