An Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Central Incisor Restored with Custom-Made Cast Post and Core with Uniform and Nonuniform Core Ferrule Heights.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with custom-made cast post and core having uniform and nonuniform core ferrule heights.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five freshly extracted human maxillary central incisors were included in this study. All teeth were subjected to standard root canal treatment.

Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) of dental root canal system - An ex-vivo study.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of photo activated disinfection (PAD) in reducing colony-forming unit (CFU) counts of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in infected dental root canals. The study compared the efficacy of PAD with conventional endodontic treatment (CET) and also a combination of CET along with PAD.

Role of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate in remineralization of white spot lesions and inhibition of Streptococcus mutans?

Introduction: To promote the remineralization by ionic exchange mechanism instead of invasive techniques many remineralizing agents can be used.

Objective: To evaluate the remineralization effects of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on white spot lesions (WSLs) and its inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans colonization.

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of 60 subjects exhibiting at least 1-WSL.

The effect of two bleaching agents on the phosphate concentration of the enamel evaluated by Raman spectroscopy: An ex vivo study.

Aim: The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the effect of in-office bleaching agents,-35% and 38% hydrogen peroxide containing bleaching agents, on the phosphate concentration of the enamel evaluated by Raman spectroscopy.

Materials And Methods: Forty noncarious, craze-free human maxillary incisors, extracted for periodontal reasons, were used in this study. Baseline Raman spectra from each specimen were obtained before the application of the bleaching agent to assess the phosphate content present in the teeth.

A comparative evaluation on the cleaning and shaping ability of three nickel titanium rotary instruments using computerized tomography - An ex vivo study.

Introduction: Successful root canal treatment depends primarily on the removal of micro-organisms through chemo-mechanical instrumentation of the root canal system. This encompasses shaping by mechanical removal of the dentine and cleaning by chemical disinfection of microorganisms and dissolution of organic tissues from the root canal. While root canal shaping can be predictably and efficiently attained with advanced instrumentation technology, effective cleaning of the entire root canal system remains a challenge.

Depth of penetration of four resin sealers into radicular dentinal tubules: a confocal microscopic study.

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the depth of penetration of 4 different endodontic resin sealers into the radicular dentinal tubules with the aid of confocal microscopy.

Methods: Eighty single-rooted teeth were instrumented and divided into 4 groups composed of 20 teeth each. The samples were obturated with AH Plus, RealSeal, EndoRez, and RoekoSeal resin sealers, respectively.

Independent and confluent middle mesial root canals in mandibular first molars: a report of four cases.

Mandibular molars demonstrate considerable variations with respect to number of roots and root canals. The possibility of additional root canals should be considered even in teeth with a low frequency of abnormal root canal anatomy. This paper discusses the endodontic management of the rare anatomical complexity middle mesial canals in mandibular first molar and also serves to remind the clinicians that such anatomical variations should be taken into account during the endodontic treatment of the mandibular molars.

Effect of 10% sodium ascorbate on the calcium: Phosphorus ratio of enamel bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide: an in vitro quantitative energy-dispersive X-ray analysis.

Objectives: The study assessed quantitatively the calcium and phosphorous loss from the enamel surface following bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide and reversal with 10% sodium ascorbate using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX).

Materials And Methods: Eight non-carious, freshly extracted human permanent maxillary central incisors without any visible defects were used. Each specimen was bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide activated by light and reversed with sodium ascorbate antioxidant gel.

Anesthetic efficacy of four percent articaine for pulpal anesthesia by using inferior alveolar nerve block and buccal infiltration techniques in patients with irreversible pulpitis: a prospective randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Introduction: The study was designed as a randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) and infiltration anesthetic techniques to anesthetize mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis.

Methods: The study was composed of 2 test arms and 1 control arm. Subjects in the test arms received either a standard IANB or a buccal infiltration (B Infil) of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, whereas the subjects in the control arm received a standard IANB of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine.

Prevalence of radix entomolaris in mandibular permanent first molars: a study in a South Indian population.

Objective: Anatomical racial variations are an acknowledged characteristic in permanent molars. Generally, mandibular first molars have 2 roots; however, the presence of a third root, radix entomolaris (RE), is a major anatomic variant among many population groups. This study evaluated the prevalence of permanent mandibular first molars featuring a distolingual root in a South Indian population.

Evaluation of the antibacterial and physical properties of glass ionomer cements containing chlorhexidine and cetrimide: an in-vitro study.

Background: Incorporation of antibacterial agents frequently results in changes in the physical properties of restorative materials.

Materials And Methods: This in-vitro study investigated the antibacterial and physical properties of Glass ionomer cement (GIC) with chlorhexidine and cetrimide, to determine the optimal concentration, for incorporation of these agents to obtain antibacterial GICs for use with the Atraumatic restorative treatment approach. This was assessed using the agar diffusion test.

Spiral CT diagnosis and endodontic management of an anatomically variant palatal root with two canals in a maxillary first molar.

This case report presents the endodontic management of an anatomically variant palatal root with 2 canals (Vertucci type II) in a maxillary first molar, which was confirmed with the help of spiral computed tomography (SCT). This serves to remind clinicians that such anatomic variations should be taken into account during the endodontic treatment of maxillary molars and highlights the invaluable aid of the SCT in accurate diagnosis and in negotiating the complex morphologic variations in root canals, thus enabling successful endodontic management.

A comparative study on the shaping ability of k3, profile and protaper instruments in simulated curved root canals.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare the shaping ability of three rotary filing systems; constant taper K3 instruments, constant taper ProFile instruments and progressive taper ProTaper rotary instruments in clear resin blocks with simulated curved root canals.

Materials And Methods: Forty five resin blocks were divided into three groups. Group A preparation was conducted with K3, Group B with ProFile and Group C with ProTaper instruments.

Mandibular first premolar with two roots and three canals.

This case report presents a relatively uncommon clinical case of a mandibular premolar with two roots and three canals. The possibility of additional root canals should be considered even in teeth with a low frequency of abnormal root canal anatomy. Sound knowledge of root canal anatomy, appropriate assessment of the pulp chamber floor, critical interpretation of radiographs and high-magnification examinations are highly desirable to achieve the best possible outcome in complicated root canal therapy.

Antifungal efficacy of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and 17% EDTA with and without an antifungal agent.

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), and 17% EDTA as a final irrigant with and without the inclusion of an antifungal agent (1% clotrimazole) on Candida albicans.

Methods: Sixty-five single-rooted instrumented and inoculated with a suspension of C.

Endodontic management of a mandibular first molar with three distal canals confirmed with the aid of spiral computerized tomography: a case report.

Identification and treatment of extra canals is the cornerstone to successful endodontic practice. Over the years, many diagnostic aids have evolved to facilitate the clinician in detection of hidden canals and to familiarize with the internal radicular anatomy. This case report highlights the rare incidence of 3 canals in the distal root of a permanent mandibular first molar.

Maxillary first molar with aberrant canal configuration: a report of 3 cases.

The prognosis for endodontic treatment in teeth exhibiting morphological aberrations is unfavorable if the clinician fails to recognize extra root canals. This report demonstrates 3 clinical cases of maxillary first molars that presented 2 canals in the palatal root merging at the apical third (Vertucci's type II canal morphology), a pattern that is rare and seldom encountered.

Disinfection of dentinal tubules with 2% chlorhexidine, 2% metronidazole, bioactive glass when compared with calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicaments.

Thorough disinfection of the root canal system is essential for the success of root canal therapy. This requires the use of an intra-canal medicament. Enterococcus faecalis is the most frequently found species in persistent/secondary intracanal infection associated endodontic treatment failure.