Estimation of spectral similarities utilizing segmented regions' probability distribution in the block-optimized pan-sharpened image for material classification.

Pan-sharpening is an image fusion approach that combines the spectral information in multispectral (MS) images with the spatial properties of PAN (Panchromatic) images. This vital technique is used in categorization, detection, and other remote sensing applications. In the first step, the article focuses on increasing the finer spatial details in the MS image with PAN images using two levels of fusion without causing spectral deterioration.

Photocatalytic degradation of congo red dye using nickel-titanium dioxide nanoflakes synthesized by Mukia madrasapatna leaf extract.

Semiconductor photocatalysts are efficient degraders of organic and inorganic waste water pollutants. Herein, we synthesized nickel-titanium dioxide (Ni-TiO) nanoflakes using Mukia maderaspatana leafs with the aim of analyzing their photocatalytic degradation potential. Morphological analyses revealed that the nanoflakes were highly agglomerated with an average size of 100 nm.

Retraction Note to: Mosquitocidal properties of species isolated from mangroves of Vellar estuary, Southeast coast of India.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1007/s12639-013-0371-9.].

ROS-mediated cytotoxic activity of ZnO and CeO nanoparticles synthesized using the Rubia cordifolia L. leaf extract on MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell lines.

In the present scenario, the synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide (ZnO) and cerium oxide (CeO) nanoparticles (NPs) through biological routes using green reducing agents are quite interesting to explore various biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, particularly for the treatment of cancer. This study was focused on the phytosynthesis of ZnO and CeO NPs using the leaf extract of Rubia cordifolia L. The active principles present in the plant extract were liable for rapid reduction of Zn and Ce ions to metallic nanocrystals.

Mosquitocidal properties of Bacillus species isolated from mangroves of Vellar estuary, Southeast coast of India.

Samples collected from the mangroves of Vellar estuary yielded a mosquitocidal bacterium, whose secondary metabolites exhibited mosquito larvicidal and pupicidal activity. The bacterium was isolated using standard microbiological methods and identified using classical biochemical tests. The mosquitocidal bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sphaericus and Bacillus cereus.

In-vitro biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of strontium incorporated TiO2 nanotube arrays for orthopaedic applications.

This article investigates the in-vitro biocompatibility and corrosion behaviour of strontium ion incorporated TiO2 nanotube arrays formed by anodization method for orthopaedic applications. The morphological studies were carried out using field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thin film X-ray diffraction techniques. The morphological investigation indicated that the length and the average diameter of nanotube were 2.

Development of dual-function ELISA for effective antigen and antibody detection against H7 avian influenza virus.

Background: Outbreaks in poultry involving influenza virus from H7 subtype have resulted in human infections, thus causing a major concern for public health, as well as for the poultry industry. Currently, no efficient rapid test is available for large-scale detection of either antigen or antibody of H7 avian influenza viruses.

Results: In the present study, a dual function ELISA was developed for the effective detection of antigen and antibody against H7 AIVs.

A comparative study of efficacy of atorvastatin alone and its combination with fenofibrate on lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hyperlipidemia.

Mixed dyslipidemia is characterized by increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) elevated triglycerides (TGs) and decrease high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). It is more common in diabetes and is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease. Monotherapy with statins or fibrates may not effectively control all lipid parameters.

Antibiotic prescribing practices in primary and secondary health care facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background: Emerging antibiotic resistance in common pathogens is a worldwide problem known to be related to inappropriate overuse of antibiotics. Wide variability in antibiotic use throughout the world is because of various factors, including socio-cultural differences.

Objective: To study the rate of antibiotic prescribing for common outpatient illnesses and the various disease, patient, physician and health facility characteristics, which influence this in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Uttar Pradesh.

Medical ablation of endobronchial mucormycosis with Amphotericin-B.

A 56 years male diabetic patient presented with recurrent left upper lobe pneumonia. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed extraluminal compression of left main bronchus with an endobronchial mass obstructing the left upper lobe orifice. The lesion resembled bronchial adenoma.

Whole lung lavage: the salvage therapy for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

A 53-year-old school teacher presented with progressive exertional breathlessness and dry cough of three months duration. His diagnosis was confirmed as pulmonary alveolar proteinosis on open lung biopsy. In about three months, the disease progressed to life threatening respiratory failure.

Multifocal Rosai Dorfman disease of periorbital tissues spanning 15 years - a case report.

The authors report a rare case of Rosai Dorfman disease with multifocal involvement of periorbital tissues, beginning in a young girl at the age of 3 and spanning 15 years. Surgical treatment was successful.

Glutathione metabolism in uremic rat.

The impact of guanidine hydrochloride, a uremic toxin, has been investigated on glutathione mediated antioxidant defense mechanisms in rat liver and kidney. Elevated glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in the tissue of guanidine treated rat indicates its active participation in the detoxification of uremic toxin involving glutathione. Glutathione (GSH) is replenished by elevated glutathione reductase and peroxides formed are subsequently detoxified by augumented selenium and non-selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase activities.

Effect of acetaldehyde on oxidoreductases in tissues of rats at different ages.

The toxicity of acetaldehyde and age related changes on oxidoreductases in the liver, brain, kidney, and muscle of female albino rats (Wistar strain) were studied. The specific activities of lactate [LDH], isocitrate [ICDH (NAD/NADP)], succinate [SDH], malate [MDH], glutamate [GDH] and glucose-6-Phosphate [G-6-PDH] dehydrogenases were significantly increased as a function of age. However, acetaldehyde treatment significantly inhibited oxidoreductases in the tissue of 21, 90 and 180 day old rats.

Age-related metabolic effects of acetaldehyde on rats with reference to detoxification enzymes and sulfhydryl groups.

Induced-acetaldehyde toxic effects on gluatathione [GSH] metabolism and sulfhydryl (SH) groups in liver and in brain of female albino rats with reference to age was studied. The total -SH groups were decreased whereas the specific activities of glutathione-S-transferase [GST] and glutathione peroxidase [GPo] were increased in acetaldehyde treated rats. However, the specific activity levels of glutathione reductase [GR] and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase [gamma-GCS] were decreased.

Guanidine induced alterations in tissue transaminase patterns in the rat.

The effect of a uremic toxin, guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl), on tissue transaminase patterns of rat was studied. Significant changes were reported in the transaminase activities of selected tissues. These changes may act to counter the effects of guanidine toxicity.

Effects of guanidine hydrochloride on catalytic efficiency of glycine amidinotransferase of rat.

Guanidine-induced alterations in substrate-dependent kinetics of glycine amidinotransferase (GAT) have been investigated in homogenates of rat kidney. Guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) induced a mixed type of inhibition by decreasing the maximal velocity (Vmax) and increasing the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km). The finding of a value of Ki smaller than that of Ki' denoted that the inhibition of GAT may be due to decreased E to S affinity rather than to reduction in the active site density of the enzyme.

Effect of guanidine on carbohydrate metabolism of rat.

The effect of guanidine hydrochloride on oxidative and non-oxidative energy mechanisms was studied in the liver, muscle and kidney of albino rat. Significant changes were observed indicating disturbance in the glycolytic and citric acid cycle oxidations of tissues.

Creatine metabolism of uremic rats.

The effect of guanidine hydrochloride on creatine metabolism of uremic rat was studied. Significant changes were observed in the creatine profiles of liver, kidney and muscle as a function of guanidine hydrochloride.

Deviations in hepatic amino acid profiles of mouse following repeated hexachlorophene administration.

Effects of repeated administration of hexachlorophene (HCP) on the food consumption, body and liver weights, liver somatic indices and hepatic levels of the free amino acids and amino acid-enzyme activities have been studied. A dose-dependent reduction in body weights and food consumption and increased liver somatic indices suggested a progressive and on toward response to HCP. The concentrations of hepatic free amino acids: phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, asparagine, glutamic acid and glutamine were significantly (p less than 0.