Synergistic enhanced rolling circle amplification based on mutS and radical polymerization for single-point mutation DNA detection.

The detection of nucleic acids in biofluids is essential for changing the paradigm of disease diagnosis. As there are very few nucleic acids present in human biofluids, a high sensitivity method is required to detect nucleic acids for disease diagnosis. The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation is associated with non-small cell lung cancer.

Effects of the Hydrophobicity of Key Residues on the Characteristics and Stability of Glucose Oxidase on a Graphene Surface.

Glucose oxidase (GOx) is one of the most widely investigated enzymes in the field of bioelectrochemistry. It is mainly used for the detection of glucose in solutions and enzyme-based biofuel cells. On the basis of the combination of GOx with graphene, novel nanodevices exceeding conventional limits can be developed.

Development and validation study of Game Overuse Screening Questionnaire.

The aim of this study was to develop a screening questionnaire to distinguish high-risk individuals associated with game overuse from casual internet users. Reliability, validity, and diagnostic ability were evaluated for the newly developed Game Overuse Screening Questionnaire (GOS-Q). Preliminary items were assessed by 50 addiction experts online and 30 questions were selected.

Spider silk with weaker bonding resulting in higher strength and toughness through progressive unfolding and load transfer.

The superior mechanical properties of silk is known to come partly from its hydrogen bonds, which is determined by its amino acid sequences. Hydrogen bonds are one of the main sources of strength of silk fiber, yet the toughest silk fibers have amino acids sequences that results in lesser number of hydrogen bonds than other silk fibers. In this work, we show how such silk fiber with lower number of hydrogen bonds may result in fiber with higher toughness by investigating the process of how hydrogen bond characteristics of silk are translated into its mechanical properties.

Highly sensitive and selective detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms using gold nanoparticle MutS enzymes and a micro cantilever resonator.

Mutant DNAs are important markers useful for the diagnosis of human disease. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent the most common types of DNA mutations. As there is only a one base pair change in a single nucleotide between the SNP and the wild-type DNA, it is difficult to distinguish the SNPs.

Differences in anxiety sensitivity factors between anxiety and depressive disorders.

Background: Anxiety sensitivity (AS) refers to the tendency to fear physical sensations associated with anxiety due to concerns about potential physical, social, or cognitive consequences. Many previous studies were limited by the use of the anxiety sensitivity index (ASI) or the ASI-revised (ASI-R), which are both measurements with unitary or unstable structures. No recent study that has utilized the ASI-3 examined the relations between AS dimensions and depression.

Mechanically inferior constituents in spider silk result in mechanically superior fibres by adaptation to harsh hydration conditions: a molecular dynamics study.

Spider silk exhibits mechanical properties such as high strength and toughness that are superior to those of any man-made fibre (Bourzac 2015 , S4-S6 (doi:10.1038/519S4a)). This high strength and toughness originates from a combination of the crystalline (exhibiting robust strength) and amorphous (exhibiting superb extensibility) regions present in the silk (Asakura 2015 , 2345-2357 (doi:10.

Mechanical features of various silkworm crystalline considering hydration effect via molecular dynamics simulations.

Silk materials are receiving significant attention as base materials for various functional nanomaterials and nanodevices, due to its exceptionally high mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and degradable characteristics. Although crystalline silk regions are composed of various repetitive motifs with differing amino acid sequences, how the effect of humidity works differently on each of the motifs and their structural characteristics remains unclear. We report molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on various silkworm fibroins composed of major motifs (i.

Steered molecular dynamics analysis of the role of cofilin in increasing the flexibility of actin filaments.

Cofilin is one of the most essential regulatory proteins and participates in the process of disassembling actin filaments. Cofilin induces conformational changes to actin filaments, and both the bending and torsional rigidity of the filament. In this study, we investigate the effects of cofilin on the mechanical properties of actin filaments using computational methods.

Biophysical characterization of cofilin-induced extension-torsion coupling in actin filaments.

Cofilin makes the actin filament flexible and thermally unstable by disassembling the filament and inducing bending and torsional compliance. Actin monomers bound to cofilin are able to chemically and mechanically interact in response to external forces. In this study, we performed two molecular dynamics tensile tests for actin and cofilactin filaments under identical conditions.

Effects of lysine residues on structural characteristics and stability of tau proteins.

Pathological amyloid proteins have been implicated in neuro-degenerative diseases, specifically Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Lewy-body diseases and prion related diseases. In prion related diseases, functional tau proteins can be transformed into pathological agents by environmental factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, Aβ-mediated toxicity and covalent modification. These pathological agents are stable under physiological conditions and are not easily degraded.

Influence of Aromatic Residues on the Material Characteristics of Aβ Amyloid Protofibrils at the Atomic Scale.

Amyloid fibrils, which cause a number of degenerative diseases, are insoluble under physiological conditions and are supported by native contacts. Recently, the effects of the aromatic residues on the Aβ amyloid protofibril were investigated in a ThT fluorescence study. However, the relationship between the material characteristics of the Aβ protofibril and its aromatic residues has not yet been investigated on the atomic scale.

Cofilin reduces the mechanical properties of actin filaments: approach with coarse-grained methods.

An actin filament is an essential cytoskeleton protein in a cell. Various proteins bind to actin for cell functions such as migration, division, and shape control. ADF/cofilin is a protein that severs actin filaments and is related to their dynamics.