The Role of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine as a Potential Epigenetic Biomarker in a Large Series of Thyroid Neoplasms.

Cytosine modifications at the 5-carbon position play a critical role in gene expression regulation and have been implicated in cancer development. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), arising from 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) oxidation, has shown promise as a potential malignancy marker due to its depletion in various human cancers. However, its significance in thyroid tumors remains underexplored, primarily due to limited data.

Assessment of Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Potential, Antimicrobial Properties, and Antidiabetic Activity in Extracts Obtained from L. Leaves and Fruits.

Background: The current research centers on exploring the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic features of L. grown in Turkey.

Methods: Quantitative analysis of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and hyperoside levels in leaf, ripe fruit, and raw fruit extracts was conducted using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in a 70% methanol-water mixture.

Melanocytic tumors with spitzoid morphology: correlation of clinicopathologic features and FISH analysis.

Background: A subset of melanocytic tumors with spitzoid morphology may lead to potential inaccurate diagnosis and lack of assessment of malignancy potential. In this study, we aimed to evaluate melanocytic tumors with spitzoid morphology using conventional melanoma FISH (RREB-1, CCND1, MYB and CEP6) and 9p21 FISH (CDKN2A) probes and compare the probe results with clinical and histopathological features.

Methods: This study is a multicentric retrospective study including three centers, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Acıbadem University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and ETA Pathology Laboratory.

Rapid Remote Online Evaluation in Endoscopic Diagnostics: An Analysis of Biopsy-Proven Respiratory Cytopathology.

Background: This prospective study assesses the use of rapid remote online cytological evaluation for diagnosing endoscopical achieved biopsies. It focuses on its effectiveness in identifying benign and malignant conditions using digital image processing.

Methods: The study was conducted between April 2021 and September 2022 and involved analyses of 314 Rapid Remote Online Cytological Evaluations in total (154 imprint cytologies, 143 fine needle aspirations and 17 brush cytologies) performed on 239 patients at the LungenClinic Grosshansdorf.

Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities, and Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulations of : A Computational and Experimental Approach.

is a local endemic species from the L. genus. The species has a wide range of usage in treating diseases in folk medicine.

Endometrial Staining of CD56 (Uterine Natural Killer), BCL-6, and CD138 (Plasma Cells) Improve Diagnosis and Clinical Pregnancy Outcomes in Unexplained Infertility and Recurrent IVF Failures: Standardization of Diagnosis with Digital Pathology.

In women with unexplained infertility (UI) and recurrent in vitro fertilization (IVF) failures, the etiology is often unclear. Endometrial immune perturbations and the use of immune markers associated with these dysregulations are of great interest in the diagnosis and treatment of UI. However, reliable biomarkers and standardized quantification methods are lacking.

Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity of Some Ethylparaben Hydrazide-Hydrazone Derivatives.

Objectives: The development of antimicrobial molecules discussed with considerable achievement over the past decades provided many classes of semisynthetic or synthetic compounds. Resistance to many antimicrobial agents requires the discovery of novel molecules.

Materials And Methods: In this study, ten ethylparaben hydrazide-hydrazone derivatives, the previously reported, were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of New 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives as Potent Antimicrobial Agents.

In this work, the synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of a new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives were investigated. The structures of final compounds were identified using H-NMR, C-NMR, elemental analysis, and HRMS. All the new synthesized compounds were then screened for their antimicrobial activity against four types of pathogenic bacteria and one fungal strain, by application of the MIC assays, using Ampicilin, Gentamycin, Vancomycin, and Fluconazole as standards.

Tubule-U-Net: a novel dataset and deep learning-based tubule segmentation framework in whole slide images of breast cancer.

The tubule index is a vital prognostic measure in breast cancer tumor grading and is visually evaluated by pathologists. In this paper, a computer-aided patch-based deep learning tubule segmentation framework, named Tubule-U-Net, is developed and proposed to segment tubules in Whole Slide Images (WSI) of breast cancer. Moreover, this paper presents a new tubule segmentation dataset consisting of 30820 polygonal annotated tubules in 8225 patches.

Favorable locoregional control in clinically node-negative hormone-receptor positive breast cancer with low 21-gene recurrence scores: a single-institution study with 10-year follow-up.

Background: Recent studies have shown a lower likelihood of locoregional recurrences in patients with a low 21-gene recurrence score (RS). In this single-institution study, we investigated whether there are any associations between different cutoff values of 21-gene RS, histopathological factors, and outcome in patients with long-term follow-up.

Methods: The study included 61 patients who had early-stage (I-II) clinically node-negative hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer and were tested with the 21-gene RS assay between February 2010 and February 2013.

Intramural Component of Venous, Lymphatic, and Perineural Invasion in Colon Cancer: A Threat or an Illusion?

Background: Extramural venous invasion is an independent predictor of poor outcome in colorectal cancer, whereas the significance of the intramural component of venous and lymphatic and perineural invasion is unclear.

Aims: To evaluate the prognostic impact of intramural components for venous, lymphatic, and perineural invasions and the relation of these invasion patterns with clinicopathological features in patients with colon cancer.

Study Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

One step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) for detection of lymph node metastasis during robotic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer: A pilot study.

Introduction: The OSNA technique is based on reverse transcription loop-mediated DNA amplification for the detection of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) messen-ger RNA (mRNA). The purpose of our paper, which represents the first study in the literature, is to test the accuracy of this method in the detection of lymph node metastases in patients undergoing robotic radical prostatectomy with lymph node dis-section.

Methods: Our cohort consisted of patients that have undergone robotic radical prostatectomy with extended lymph node dissec-tion.

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in follicular cell-derived lesions of the thyroid: Is NIFTP benign or precancerous?

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic factor that plays an important role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis of the thyroid. The aim of the current study was to determine the expression characteristics of VEGF in follicular cell-derived lesions of the thyroid and to assess whether a new entity noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is precancerous. Patients diagnosed with 33 follicular adenomas (FA), 41 invasive follicular variant papillary thyroid cancer (IN-FVPTC), and 40 NIFTP in surgical resection materials were evaluated retrospectively.

Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of New Thiosemicarbazide-Triazole Hybrid Derivatives of (S)-Naproxen.

The discovery of new antimicrobial molecules is crucial for combating drug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections that pose a dangerous threat to human health. In the current research, we applied a molecular hybridization approach to synthesize original thiosemicarbazide-triazole derivatives starting from (S)-naproxen (7a-7k). After structural characterization using FT-IR, H-NMR, C-NMR, and HR-MS, the obtained compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and their isolates, as well.

Autologous omentum transposition for regeneration of a renal injury model in rats.

Background: After renal trauma, surgical treatment is vital, but sometimes there may be loss of function due to fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autologous omentum flaps on injured renal tissues in a rat model.

Methods: A total of 30 Wistar albino rats were included and randomly divided equally into a control group and four intervention groups.

Histologically benign PI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions contain cancer-associated epigenetic alterations.

Background: The detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer has improved with the use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Yet, even with MRI-guided biopsy 15%-35% of high-risk lesions (Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] 4 and 5) are histologically benign. It is unclear if these false positives are due to diagnostic/sampling errors or pathophysiological alterations.

Quantum mechanical, virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, ADME and antimicrobial activity studies of some new indole-hydrazone derivatives as potent agents against .

In this study, a new series of indole-5-carbaldehyde hydrazone derivative compounds were designed, synthesized, and their antimicrobial activities were determined by the microdilution method, and the cytotoxic effects on Beas-2b cell lines were investigated by MTT assay. When the activity results were examined, showed promising activity against with MIC: 2 µg/mL compared to ampicillin, gentamicin, and vancomycin, although the antimicrobial activities of the indole derivatives were generally weaker than those of the standard drugs. Compounds showed no cytotoxic activity on the A549, MCF-7, and Beas-2b cell lines.

The crosstalk between H. pylori virulence factors and the PD1:PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in progression to gastric cancer.

Background: The progression to gastric cancer has been linked to chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (programmed cell death -1, PD-1; programmed cell death -ligand 1, PD-L1) have a role in cancer immune escape.

Gamma-irradiated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate, OZG-38.61.3, confers protection from SARS-CoV-2 challenge in human ACEII-transgenic mice.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the most severe pandemic around the world, and vaccine development for urgent use became a crucial issue. Inactivated virus formulated vaccines such as Hepatitis A and smallpox proved to be reliable approaches for immunization for prolonged periods. In this study, a gamma-irradiated inactivated virus vaccine does not require an extra purification process, unlike the chemically inactivated vaccines.

Characterisation of the Hybrid Isolated from an Autochothonous Kala-Azar Patient: Preliminary Results of an Model.

Objective: In the present study, preliminary outcomes of the assessment of a hybrid isolated from a hospitalised patient with visceral leishmaniasis in Manisa and identified through analysis of the -specific and gene regions are presented in comparison with reference strains of and .

Methods: Three different study groups [(SG); n=16 mice each] and a control group (n=8 mice) were established with female Balb/C mice weighing 25-30 g. Reference (MHOM/IN/1980/DD8), reference (MHOM/TN/1980/IP1) and a hybrid (MHOM/TR/2014/CBVL-LI/ LD), stored in liquid nitrogen, were thawed, cultured and incubated at 25 °C.

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer tissues have increased base excision repair capacity.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of bladder cancer (BC) are complex and have not been fully elucidated. Alterations in base excision repair (BER) capacity, one of several DNA repair mechanisms assigned to preserving genome integrity, have been reported to influence cancer susceptibility, recurrence, and progression, as well as responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We report herein that non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) tissues exhibit increased uracil incision, abasic endonuclease and gap-filling activities, as well as total BER capacity in comparison to normal bladder tissue from the same patient (p < 0.

Preclinical Assessment of Efficacy and Safety Analysis of CAR-T Cells (ISIKOK-19) Targeting CD19-Expressing B-Cells for the First Turkish Academic Clinical Trial with Relapsed/Refractory ALL and NHL Patients.

Objective: Relapsed and refractory CD19-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are the focus of studies on hematological cancers. Treatment of these malignancies has undergone recent transformation with the development of new gene therapy and molecular biology techniques, which are safer and well-tolerated therapeutic approaches. The CD19 antigen is the most studied therapeutic target in these hematological cancers.

The Role of Telecytology in the Primary Diagnosis of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Specimens.

Introduction: The Acibadem Health Group (AHG) has been using telepathology/digital pathology stations since 2006. In 2013, the system was changed from videoconferencing to digital pathology (whole-slide imaging) utilizing 3DHISTECH scanners and software. In 2017, digital cytology started to be used for routine cytopathologic diagnosis for thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases.