Prime and Boost Vaccination Elicit a Distinct Innate Myeloid Cell Immune Response.

Understanding the innate immune response to vaccination is critical in vaccine design. Here, we studied blood innate myeloid cells after first and second immunization of cynomolgus macaques with the modified vaccinia virus Ankara. The inflammation at the injection site was moderate and resolved faster after the boost.

In depth comparative phenotyping of blood innate myeloid leukocytes from healthy humans and macaques using mass cytometry.

Comparative immune-profiling of innate responses in humans and non-human primates is important to understand the pathogenesis of infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases as well as for the preclinical development of vaccines and immune therapies. However, direct comparisons of the two species are rare and were never performed using mass cytometry. Here, whole-blood-derived leukocytes from healthy humans and cynomolgus macaques were analyzed with mass cytometry.

Redirecting soluble antigen for MHC class I cross-presentation during phagocytosis.

Peptides presented by MHC class I molecules are mostly derived from proteins synthesized by the antigen-presenting cell itself, while peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are predominantly from materials acquired by endocytosis. External antigens can also be presented by MHC class I molecules in a process referred to as cross-presentation. Here, we report that mouse dendritic cell (DC) engagement to a phagocytic target alters endocytic processing and inhibits the proteolytic activities.