A Classification for Gastric Outlet Obstruction in Childhood: Extending Beyond Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis.

Background/aims:  Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a rare condition in childhood, with the exception of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). However, no classification exists from a pediatric gastroenterologist's perspective.

Materials And Methods:  The patients with a diagnosis of GOO between 2009 and 2020 were reviewed retrospectively.

Improvement of survival after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and trends at a pediatric transplantation center; a three-decade journey.

Background: Advances in stem cell transplantation have resulted in improved outcomes.

Methods: This is a retrospective study aimed to analyze changes in patient profile, transplantation, graft characteristics, and outcome among 241 pediatric patients who received stem cell transplantation in a single center between 1993 and 2019.

Results: In the 2010-2019, compared with the 1993-2009 period, a significantly higher 5-year overall survival (60% vs.

Evaluation of the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy in patients with salivary gland tumors.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) versus adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with salivary gland tumors (SGTs).

Materials And Methods: Data from patients who underwent adjuvant RT for a diagnosis of SG cancer at Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital and Ankara Bilkent City Hospital between September 01, 2009 and September 01, 2022 were analysed retrospectively. We evaluated the efficacy of RT alone versus CRT in these patients in terms of acute response, treatment tolerance, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS).

Evaluation of the effectiveness of artificial intelligence for ultrasound guided peripheral nerve and plane blocks in recognizing anatomical structures.

Background: We aimed to assess the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) based real-time anatomy identification for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve and plane block in eight regions in this prospective observational study.

Methods: After obtaining ethics committee approval and written informed consent from 40 healthy volunteers (20 men and 20 women, between 18 and 72 years old), an ultrasound device installed with AI software (Nerveblox, SmartAlfa, Turkey) were used to scan regions of the cervical plexus, brachial plexus, pectoralis (PECS), rectus sheet, femoralis, canalis adductorius, popliteal, and ESP by three anesthesiology trainees. During scanning by a trainee, once software indicates 100 % scan success of associated anatomic landmarks, both raw and labeled ultrasound images were saved, assessed, and validated using a 6-point scale between 0 and 5 by two expert validators.

Helical tomotherapy experience in breast cancer adjuvant radiotherapy and acute toxicity results.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate acute toxicity and oncological outcomes of breast cancer patients who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) with tomotherapy.

Materials And Methods: The results of 114 patients who underwent adjuvant RT with Tomotherapy device between 17.08.

Evaluation of incidental testicular dose with thermoluminescence dosimetry during prostate radiotherapy.

The aim of this study was to investigate incidental testicular doses during intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients treated with prostate radiotherapy only (PORT) and whole pelvis radiotherapy (WPRT). A total of 34 prostate cancer patients with intermediate and high risk were included in this prospective study. Each patient in the intermediate risk group received a total of 78 Gy in 39 fractions for prostate and seminal vesicles.

Dosimetric evaluation of irregular surface compensator and intensity-modulated radiotherapy in breast radiotherapy.

Background: This dosimetric study aims to evaluate the dosimetric advantage of the irregular surface compensator (ISC) compared with the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Materials And Methods: Ten patients with whole breast irradiation were planned with the ISC and IMRT techniques. Six different beam directions were selected for IMRT and ISC plans.

Total nucleated cell dose in graft is a better prognostic factor for survival in pediatric patients transplanted with bone marrow compared to CD34+, CD3+, or total mononuclear cell count.

Background: Most studies investigating the impact of graft composition on transplant-related outcomes have focused on the effect of CD34+ cell dose and reported equivocal results. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of doses of total nucleated cells (TNCs), total mononuclear cells (TMCs), CD3+, and CD34+ cells on the outcome of children receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: Children and adolescents who underwent allogeneic HSCT for malignant hemato-oncological diseases or nonmalignant diseases in Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Center between 2010 and 2020 were enrolled in the study.

Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: Outcomes of survival, toxicity, sphincter preserving and prognostic factors.

Background: This study aimed to compare preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with postoperative CRT regarding survival, local control, disease control, sphincter preservation, toxicity and also prognostic factors for the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: Records of 140 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received preoperative or postoperative CRT were analyzed retrospectively. We compared the treatment groups (preoperative vs postoperative) according to baseline characteristics (demographic and rectal cancer disease characteristics), and also carried out the survival analyses.

Impact of different treatment plans on EQD for intracavitary brachytherapy of cervical cancer.

Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to GLOBOCAN estimates, there were 341,831 deaths from cervical cancer in 185 countries in 2020. The aim of this study was to compare equieffective dose (EQD) at 2 Gy per fraction by using dose volume histograms (DVHs) derived from external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BRT) treatment plans used in cervical cancer radiotherapy.

Antenatal follow-up, anesthesia management and perinatal outcomes in pregnancy with renal transplant.

Objective: Due to the recent increase in the successful pregnancies after renal transplant, the number of renal transplant recipients having vaginal or cesarean delivery possibly associated with high maternal, fetal and/or neonatal risk requiring team approach increased. We aimed to evaluate antenatal follow-up, perinatal outcomes, and anesthesia management in pregnancies with renal transplantation and to compare them with the current literature.

Materials And Methods: After ethics committee approval, renal transplant recipients who gave birth in our hospital between January 2010 and December 2019 were documented in this retrospective study.

A real-time anatomy ıdentification via tool based on artificial ıntelligence for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block procedures: an accuracy study.

We aimed to assess the accuracy of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based real-time anatomy identification software specifically developed to ease image interpretation intended for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block (UGPNB). Forty healthy participants (20 women, 20 men) were enrolled to perform interscalene, supraclavicular, infraclavicular, and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks under ultrasound guidance using AI software by anesthesiology trainees. During block practice by a trainee, once the software indicates 100% scan success of each block associated anatomic landmarks, both raw and labeled ultrasound images were saved, assessed, and validated using a 5-point scale by expert validators.

Postoperative Acute Parotitis After Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anaesthesia.

Postoperative acute painless parotid gland swelling, which is a rare complication has been reported after caesarian section (CS) under neuraxial anaesthesia. Hereby, we aimed to present a parturient suffering from acute parotitis complication for her elective CS under spinal anaesthesia who had a previous history of acute parotitis after epidural anaesthesia.

Retrospective Evaluation of Effects of Preoperative Anaemia Treatment in Gynaecological and Obstetric Surgical Patients.

Objective: In anemic patients undergoing surgery, there is an increase in the requirement of blood transfusion, longer hospital stay and higher intensive care unit adimission. In this study we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of iv iron treatment before elective obstetric or gynecological operations retrospectively.

Methods: After obtaining approval of ethics committee, records of 5688 patients underwent either obstetric or gynecological surgery between January 1st of 2016 to December 31st of 2018 were documented retrospectively and 241 anemic cases were identified.

Effect of intralipid administration on calcium therapy in verapamil toxicity.

Aim: Lipid emulsions are promising with regard to the treatment of toxicity by agents of high lipophilic nature. Our objective is to investigate the efficacy of intralipid 20% and calcium administration at different times when symptoms of cardiac toxicity occur during verapamil infusion.

Method: 24 adult male Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 different groups, the control group, calcium group, calcium following 20% intralipid group and concomitant 20% intralipid and calcium group.

Radiographic comparison of cervical spine motion using LMA Fastrach, LMA CTrach, and the Macintosh laryngoscope.

Background/aim/aim: The optimal technique for airway management in patients with cervical pathology remains unclear. Intubating laryngeal mask airway devices such as LMA CTrach and LMA Fastrach have not been compared for cervical spine (C-spine) movements in the context of cervical pathology. The present study aimed to determine upper C-spine movements by radiography during intubation with different devices as well as comparing the duration and success of intubation in cervical surgery.

A population-averaged approach to diagnostic test meta-analysis.

The meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies is often of interest in screening programs for many diseases. The typical summary statistics for studies chosen for a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis are often two dimensional: sensitivities and specificities. The common statistical analysis approach for the meta-analysis of diagnostic studies is based on the bivariate generalized linear-mixed model (BGLMM), which has study-specific interpretations.

The Impact of 3 Different Distraction Techniques on the Pain and Anxiety Levels of Children During Venipuncture: A Clinical Trial.

Objectives: Invasive procedures are important causes of pain and anxiety during hospitalization. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 3 different distraction methods on the pain and anxiety levels of children during venipuncture.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted with 180 children of 6 to 10 years of age; data were collected in the months of August to November 2016.

One-inflation and unobserved heterogeneity in population size estimation by Ryan T. Godwin.

In this study, we would like to show that the one-inflated zero-truncated negative binomial (OIZTNB) regression model can be easily implemented in R via built-in functions when we use mean-parameterization feature of negative binomial distribution to build OIZTNB regression model. From the practitioners' point of view, we believe that this approach presents a computationally convenient way for implementation of the OIZTNB regression model.