Parental knowledge of developmental milestones in Peshawar, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: Developmental milestones are significant achievements in a child's growth and development across various domains including physical, cognitive, language, social, emotional, and adoptive development. These milestones mark important transitions from simple reflexes to complex skills and behaviors in a child's life. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted involving 225 parents using convenience sampling at the pediatrics OPD of Northwest General Hospital, Peshawar.

Alzheimer's disease prediction using 3D-CNNs: Intelligent processing of neuroimaging data.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurological illness that demolishes memory and brain functioning. This disease affects an individual's capacity to work, think, and behave. The proportion of individuals suffering from AD is rapidly increasing.

A Feature Fusion Attention-based Deep Learning Algorithm for Mammographic Architectural Distortion Classification.

Architectural Distortion (AD) is a common abnormality in digital mammograms, alongside masses and microcalcifications. Detecting AD in dense breast tissue is particularly challenging due to its heterogeneous asymmetries and subtle presentation. Factors such as location, size, shape, texture, and variability in patterns contribute to reduced sensitivity.

Green synthesis and characterisation of mediated silver nanoparticles and their biological activities.

This research explored silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from rhizome using the green approach and their possible antibacterial, phytotoxic, and haemolytic activities. The change in the colour from transparent to light brown and finally to colloidal brown indicates the synthesis of nanoparticles. The synthesised AgNPs were analysed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray.

An Integrated Network Pharmacology and RNA-seq Approach for Exploring the Protective Effect of Isoquercitrin in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Identification of Novel Genes.

Cardiotoxicity, a severe side effect of cytotoxic drugs like doxorubicin (DOX), can lead to cardiomyopathy and heart failure, significantly impacting patient prognosis. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and explores isoquercitrin (IQC) as a potential therapeutic agent. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed 7855 dysregulated genes in DOX vs.

Underwater Sensor Networks for Communication, Navigation, and Localization.

Around 70% of the Earth is covered by water, with numerous submerged locations that have yet to be monitored and supervised [...

An Intelligent Approach for Early and Accurate Predication of Cardiac Disease Using Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Techniques.

This study proposes a new hybrid machine learning (ML) model for the early and accurate diagnosis of heart disease. The proposed model is a combination of two powerful ensemble ML models, namely ExtraTreeClassifier (ETC) and XGBoost (XGB), resulting in a hybrid model named ETCXGB. At first, all the features of the utilized heart disease dataset were given as input to the ETC model, which processed it by extracting the predicted probabilities and produced an output.

Synthesis and optimization of molecular weight of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose based polyurethanes.

For the first time in this research, using a mixture design approach, polyurethanes (PUs) based on chitosan (CSN) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were synthesized to develop a high molecular weight polymer. In the synthesis process, a reaction between isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene was carried out to synthesize a prepolymer containing free NCO groups at the corners. This prepolymer was further reacted with changing moles ratio of CSN and CMC following the principles of statistical mixture design.

High-Precision Skin Disease Diagnosis through Deep Learning on Dermoscopic Images.

Dermatological conditions are primarily prevalent in humans and are primarily caused by environmental and climatic fluctuations, as well as various other reasons. Timely identification is the most effective remedy to avert minor ailments from escalating into severe conditions. Diagnosing skin illnesses is consistently challenging for health practitioners.

CardioGuard: AI-driven ECG authentication hybrid neural network for predictive health monitoring in telehealth systems.

The increasing integration of telehealth systems underscores the importance of robust and secure methods for patient data management. Traditional authentication methods, such as passwords and PINs, are prone to breaches, underscoring the need for more secure alternatives. Therefore, there is a need for alternative approaches that provide enhanced security and user convenience.

Integrating Convolutional Neural Networks with Attention Mechanisms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Classification of Brain Tumors.

The application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the classification of brain tumors is constrained by the complex and time-consuming characteristics of traditional diagnostics procedures, mainly because of the need for a thorough assessment across several regions. Nevertheless, advancements in deep learning (DL) have facilitated the development of an automated system that improves the identification and assessment of medical images, effectively addressing these difficulties. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have emerged as steadfast tools for image classification and visual perception.

Apolipoprotein E Gene Variation in Pakistani Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes with and without Cardiovascular Complications.

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health concern worldwide, including in Pakistan. Cardiovascular problems linked with T2DM have a significant impact on individuals and society.

Preliminary study on mitochondrial DNA analysis from different sports items.

Criminals often attempt to conceal blood-stained weapons used in violent crimes, making forensic evidence crucial in solving cases. This study explores the recovery and extraction of trace DNA from sports equipment, including cricket bats, table tennis racquets, and hockey sticks, which are frequently implicated in such incidents. Our research evaluates various double swab collection methods for retrieving trace DNA from these sports items, emphasizing those associated with blunt force trauma.

Discovery of Novel Natural Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: A Rational Approach to Antiviral Therapeutics.

Background/aim: The global pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus underscores the urgent need for therapeutic interventions. Targeting the virus's main protease (Mpro), crucial for viral replication, is a promising strategy.

Objective: The current study aims to discover novel inhibitors of Mpro.

Rigid linker peptides improve the stability and anti-inflammation effect of human serum albumin and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone fusion proteins.

The anti-inflammatory effect of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in the central nervous system (CNS) has been reported for 40 years. However, the short half-life of α-MSH limits its clinical applications. The previous study has shown that a fusion protein comprising protein transduction domain (PTD), human serum albumin (HSA), and α-MSH extends the half-life of α-MSH, but its anti-inflammatory effect is not satisfactory.

Ni-Based Catalysts for CO Methanation: Exploring the Support Role in Structure-Activity Relationships.

The catalytic hydrogenation of CO to methane is one of the highly researched areas for the production of chemical fuels. The activity of catalyst is largely affected by support type and metal-support interaction deriving from the special method during catalyst preparation. Hence, we employed a simple solvothermal technique to synthesize Ni-based catalysts with different supports and studied the support role (CeO, AlO, ZrO, and LaO) on structure-activity relationships in CO methanation.

Impact of hemodialysis on efficacies of the antiplatelet agents in coronary artery disease patients complicated with end-stage renal disease.

It is controversial whether hemodialysis affects the efficacy of the antiplatelet agents. We aimed to investigate the impact of hemodialysis on efficacies of the antiplatelet agents in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients complicated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). 86 CAD patients complicated with ESRD requiring hemodialysis were consecutively enrolled.

Novel and experimental therapeutics for the management of motor and non-motor Parkinsonian symptoms.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUND  : Both motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) have a substantial detrimental influence on the patient's quality of life. The most effective treatment remains oral levodopa. All currently known treatments just address the symptoms; they do not completely reverse the condition.

A comparative study on the effects of human serum albumin and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone fusion proteins on the anti-neuroinflammatory in the central nervous system of adult mice.

The immunomodulatory effects of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in the central nervous system (CNS) have been investigated for forty years. The clinical applications of α-MSH are limited due to its short half-life. Our previous study has indicated that the short half-life of α-MSH can be extended by fusion with carrier human serum albumin (HSA) and this fusion protein has also retained the anti-inflammatory effect on the CNS.