Clinical Characteristics of the COVID-19 Patients with Pneumonia Detected by Computerized Tomography but Negative for Infiltration by X-ray.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread to all corners of the globe. Different diagnostic tools, such as Chest X-ray (CXR), lung ultrasound (LUS), and computerized tomography (CT), have been used to detect active pneumonic lesions associated with COVID-19 with their varying degrees of sensitivity and specificity. This study was undertaken to investigate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with a pneumonic lung lesion detected by CT that is not detected by CXR.

Postoperative subdural hygroma and chronic subdural hematoma after unruptured aneurysm surgery: age, sex, and aneurysm location as independent risk factors.

Objective: This study investigated the incidence and risk factors for the postoperative occurrence of subdural complications, such as a subdural hygroma and resultant chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), following surgical clipping of an unruptured aneurysm. The critical age affecting such occurrences and follow-up results were also examined.

Methods: The case series included 364 consecutive patients who underwent aneurysm clipping via a pterional or superciliary keyhole approach for an unruptured saccular aneurysm in the anterior cerebral circulation between 2007 and 2013.

Fibrinogen and D-dimer analysis of chronic subdural hematomas and computed tomography findings: a prospective study.

Objective: We investigated the relationship between fibrinolytic factors and computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs).

Methods: Thirty-one patients with CSDHs were divided on the basis of CT findings into heterogeneous and homogeneous groups. A sample from the subdural hematoma was obtained at surgery to measure the concentrations of fibrinogen and D-dimer.

Risk of Shunt Dependent Hydrocephalus after Treatment of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms : Surgical Clipping versus Endovascular Coiling According to Fisher Grading System.

Objective: The amount of hemorrhage observed on a brain computed tomography scan, or a patient's Fisher grade (FG), is a powerful risk factor for development of shunt dependent hydrocephlaus (SDHC). However, the influence of treatment modality (clipping versus coiling) on the rate of SDHC development has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, we compared the risk of SDHC in both treatment groups according to the amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Factors related to the local treatment failure of γ knife surgery for metastatic brain tumors.

Purpose: Radiosurgery (RS) is regarded as a standard therapy for metastatic brain tumors, but local failure requiring repeated therapy for the same lesion remains an unsolved problem. The authors analyzed outcomes of gamma knife surgery (GKS) for metastatic lesions to identify factors of local treatment failure.

Materials And Methods: The hospital records of 103 patients with a metastatic brain tumor and monitored for more than 6 months were analyzed.

Early ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement after severe aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: role of intraventricular hemorrhage and shunt function.

Objective: This study investigated the outcome of early shunt placement in patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage and the effect of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and high proteinaceous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on subsequent shunt performance.

Methods: This study included 33 consecutive patients with initial Fisher grade (3/4) subarachnoid hemorrhage who had undergone conversion from external ventricular drainage (EVD) to a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt and whose computed tomography scan showed IVH at the time of shunt placement. Early weaning from an EVD and conversion to a VP shunt was performed irrespective of IVH or high protein content in the CSF.

Acute serious rebleeding after angiographically successful coil embolization of ruptured cerebral aneurysms.

Purpose: The present study investigated the incidence of acute rebleeding after successful coil embolization of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, including clinical outcomes, and possible mechanisms of the events other than coil compaction and/or incomplete embolization.

Materials And Methods: This study included 591 consecutive patients who presented with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, were treated with coil embolization, and whose post-procedural angiography revealed successful embolization. Data were collected retrospectively from six patients who showed acute rebleeding despite that angiographically successful coil embolization was achieved.

Saccular aneurysm at the anterior communicating artery complex associated with an accessory middle cerebral artery : report of two cases and review of the literature.

Accessory middle cerebral artery (MCA) is an infrequent vascular anomaly of the brain. Cerebral aneurysms associated with this anomalous artery are also very rare. To our knowledge, there have only been ten previous reports of an aneurysm associated with accessory MCA.

Remote cerebellar hemorrhage complicated after supratentorial surgery: retrospective study with review of articles.

Objective: Remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) is one of the rare complications occurring after supratentorial surgery, and its pathomechanism is poorly understood. We report 10 cases of RCH from our institution and review 154 cases from a database in order to delineate incidence, common presentation, risk factors, and outcomes of this complication. In addition, the means of prevention are discussed.

Does non-perimesencephalic type non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage have a benign prognosis?

We reviewed and compared the clinical course and long-term prognosis of patients with non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with and without a perimesencephalic pattern of hemorrhage on CT scan. In 876 patients with spontaneous SAH, 52 (5.9%) were diagnosed with non-aneurysmal SAH.

Gamma knife radiosurgery for multiple brain metastases from lung cancer.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for the treatment of multiple brain metastases from lung cancer with that of whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Patients with multiple (2-20) brain metastases were divided into two groups for initial brain tumor management: a GKS group (14 patients) and a WBRT group (19 patients). The patients were stratified by gender, age, initial Karnofsky performance status score, control of the primary site, known extracranial metastases, number of brain metastases, diameter of the maximal lesion, chemotherapy, and recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) Class.

Nerve atrophy and a small cerebellopontine angle cistern in patients with trigeminal neuralgia.

Object: The aim of this study was to provide information to help confirm the diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) using MR imaging.

Methods: The authors evaluated atrophy of the trigeminal nerve, the cross-sectional area of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern, and the length of the cisternal segment of the trigeminal nerve on the affected side in 26 consecutive patients with TN who were treated using Gamma Knife surgery.

Results: The mean volume of the trigeminal nerve on the affected side was significantly smaller than the mean volume of the trigeminal nerve on the unaffected side (p < 0.

Multiple fusiform myxomatous cerebral aneurysms in a patient with Carney complex.

Carney complex is a rare autosomal-dominant familial tumor syndrome that involves the triad of myxoma, mucocutaneous pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no reports of multiple fusiform aneurysms coinciding with atrial myxoma. The authors report the case of a 38-year-old woman with typical Carney complex who had multiple skin myxomas, endocrine abnormalities, and multiple brownish perioral lesions.

Chronic subdural hematoma preceded by traumatic subdural hygroma.

Patients with traumatic subdural hygroma (SDG) are at an increased risk of developing chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). However, the mechanism by which this occurs is still not fully understood. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of CSDH, as well as the relationship between CSDH and SDG.

Revision of Paine's technique for intraoperative ventricular puncture.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the ideal point for a ventricular puncture in pterional craniotomies.

Methods: Using a circle that had its center around the junction of the columns of the fornix and conforming to the surface of the frontal lobe on an axial computed tomography scan 2.5 cm superior to the lateral orbital roof, we simulated the introduction of a catheter perpendicular to the cortex by drawing the radii of the circle in 70 patients with an acute subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Occluded vascular stump mimicking middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysm: report of 2 cases.

Background: An intracranial stump of an occluded vessel is a rare but important aneurysm mimic. We present 2 cases of middle trunk atresia of the trifurcated MCA, in which the proximal stump of the atretic vessel mimics an MCA bifurcation aneurysm in angiograms.

Case Description: Both patients were referred to the authors with a presumptive diagnosis of an unruptured asymptomatic aneurysm at the MCA bifurcation that was found in an MR angiogram.

Eosinophilic granuloma of the skull: a retrospective analysis.

Background: The authors describe 9 cases of children with eosinophilic granuloma (EG) of the skull and report on their clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis.

Method: Nine consecutive patients were diagnosed as EG of the skull and confirmed pathologically between 1996 and 2005. In the present study, multi- and single-system Langerhans' cell histiocytosis without skull involvement were excluded.

Cortical osteotomy technique for mobilizing the temporal muscle in pterional craniotomies. Technical note.

Although many procedures have already been performed to mobilize and reconstruct the temporal muscle for pterional craniotomies, the authors described a novel cortical osteotomy technique for creating and mobilizing a cortical bone slat along the superior temporal line with the temporal muscle attached to it. Screw fixation of the cortical bone slat then provides secured temporal muscle reconstruction. As such, this new technique minimized damage to the temporal muscle and prevented the formation of an anterior temporal hollow.

Aneurysm rupture at an anomalous collateral artery that extended from the proximal A2 segment to the middle of the M1 segment, bypassing atresia of the internal carotid artery bifurcation. Case report.

The authors report the first known case in which an anomalous collateral artery was found to connect the proximal A2 segment with the middle of the M1 segment. This rarity was associated with atresia of the T-shaped internal carotid artery bifurcation. Two aneurysms had developed on a tortuous and tangled portion of the anomalous artery; one of them had ruptured, producing a subarachnoid hemorrhage and an intracerebral hematoma in the area of the putamen.