Association of Metabolic Syndrome Components and Nutritional Status with Kidney Cancer in Young Adult Population: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea.

The aim of this study was to determine the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with kidney cancer and the impact of age and gender on such an association. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, 9,932,670 subjects who had check-ups in 2009 were followed up until the diagnosis of kidney cancer or death or until 2019. Kidney cancer was significantly associated with MetS (HR 1.

Metronomic chemotherapy as a potential partner of immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer treatment.

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in clinical practice for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is currently limited to patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), which comprise less than 5% of all mCRC cases. Combining ICIs with anti-angiogenic inhibitors, which modulate the tumor microenvironment, may reinforce and synergize the anti-tumor immune responses of ICIs. In mCRCs, combinations of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib have shown good efficacy in early phase trials.

Comprehensive Comparison of 22C3 and SP263 PD-L1 Expression in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using Routine Clinical and Conditioned Archives.

PD-L1 harmonization studies revealed a strong correlation between the 22C3 and SP263 assays in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the assays’ characteristics have yet to be validated in a variety of clinical and analytical settings. The results of 431 NSCLC samples tested concurrently in routine clinical practice with the PD-L1 22C3 and SP263 assays were reviewed, and both assays were performed on 314 archives of surgically resected NSCLCs to assess PD-L1 expression in relation to variables such as FFPE block age and FFPE section storage condition.

Impacts of Subtype on Clinical Feature and Outcome of Male Breast Cancer: Multicenter Study in Korea (KCSG BR16-09).

Purpose: The treatment of male breast cancer (MBC) has been extrapolated from female breast cancer (FBC) because of its rarity despite their different clinicopathologic characteristics. We aimed to investigate the distribution of intrinsic subtypes based on immunohistochemistry, their clinical impact, and treatment pattern in clinical practice through a multicenter study in Korea.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 248 MBC patients from 18 institutions across the country from January 1995 to July 2016.

Efficacy of the granisetron transdermal system for the control of nausea and vomiting induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

Background/aims: We compared the efficacy of the granisetron transdermal system (GTS) with that of ondansetron for controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).

Methods: We randomized a total of 389 patients to groups treated by GTS and ondansetron before HEC. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving complete response (CR; no retching/vomiting/rescue medication) of CINV from the time of chemotherapy initiation to 24 hours after the last administration of chemotherapy (prespecified non-inferiority margin of 15%).

Perioperative Systemic Chemotherapy for Colorectal Liver Metastasis: Recent Updates.

The liver is the most common site of metastases for colorectal cancer. Complete resection in some patients with resectable liver metastases (LM) can lead to long-term survival and cure. Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy after complete resection of LM improves recurrence-free survival; however, the overall survival benefit is not clear.

Prevalence and Predictive Factors for Upfront Dose Reduction of the First Cycle of First-Line Chemotherapy in Older Adults with Metastatic Solid Cancer: Korean Cancer Study Group (KCSG) Multicenter Study.

Old age alone does not reflect an intolerability to chemotherapy. However, upfront dose reduction (UDR) of the first cycle of first-line palliative chemotherapy has sometimes been chosen by physicians for older adults with metastatic cancer due to concerns regarding adverse events. The development of predictive factors for UDR of palliative chemotherapy would be helpful for treatment planning among older adults.

The implications of clinical risk factors, CAR index, and compositional changes of immune cells on hyperprogressive disease in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.

Background: Immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) are characterized by a durable clinical response and better tolerability in patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors. However, we not infrequently encounter patients with hyperprogressive disease (HPD) exhibiting paradoxically accelerated tumor growth with poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate implications of clinical factors and immune cell composition on different tumor responses to immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Real-World Clinical Data of Palbociclib in Asian Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: Experiences from Eight Institutions.

Purpose: Use of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors improved survival outcome of hormone receptor (HR) positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients, including Asian population. However, Asian real-world data of palbociclib is limited. We analyzed the real-world clinical practice patterns and outcome in HR-positive, MBC Asian patients treated with palbociclib.

Polypharmacy, Inappropriate Medication Use, and Drug Interactions in Older Korean Patients with Cancer Receiving First-Line Palliative Chemotherapy.

Background: Polypharmacy is an important issue in the care of older patients with cancer, as it increases the risk of unfavorable outcomes. We estimated the prevalence of polypharmacy, potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use, and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in older patients with cancer in Korea and their associations with clinical outcomes.

Subjects, Materials, And Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study of geriatric patients with cancer undergoing first-line palliative chemotherapy.

DeepBTS: Prediction of Recurrence-free Survival of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Using a Time-binned Deep Neural Network.

Accurate prediction of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis after surgery remains challenging. The Cox proportional hazard (PH) model is widely used, however, there are some limitations associated with it. In this study, we developed novel neural network models called binned time survival analysis (DeepBTS) models using 30 clinico-pathological features of surgically resected NSCLC patients (training cohort, n = 1,022; external validation cohort, n = 298).

High expression level of SOX2 is significantly associated with shorter survival in patients with thymic epithelial tumors.

Objectives: Thymic epithelial tumors (TET) are heterogenous tumors which are composed of thymoma (TM) and thymic carcinoma (TC). We attempted to determine differences in gene expression between TM and TC, and to determine the effect of such genes on the prognosis of patients with TET.

Materials And Methods: Gene expression profiles of SOX2, OCT-4, IGF-1, IGF-1R and IR mRNA transcripts in tumor tissues of TM and TC were determined using real-time PCR (RT-PCR).

Serum biomarkers for predicting overall survival and early mortality in older patients with metastatic solid tumors.

Objectives: We aimed to explore serum biomarkers for predicting survival of older patients with metastatic solid tumors who received first line palliative chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Serum samples were prospectively collected before first-line chemotherapy at 11 academic centers in Korea. All patients were participants in a prospective cohort study of older patients with metastatic solid tumors.

Prospective Validation of The Korean Cancer Study Group Geriatric Score (KG)-7, a Novel Geriatric Screening Tool, in Older Patients with Advanced Cancer Undergoing First-line Palliative Chemotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prospectively validate the Korean Cancer Study Group Geriatric Score (KG)-7, a novel geriatric screening tool, in older patients with advanced cancer planned to undergo first-line palliative chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Participants answered the KG-7 questionnaire before undergoing geriatric assessment (GA) and first-line palliative chemotherapy. The performance of KG-7 was evaluated by calculating the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), balanced accuracy (BA), and area under the curve (AUC).

PD-L1 expression in ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer: A study using simultaneous genotypic screening of EGFR, ALK, and ROS1.

Background: The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence and clinicopathologic characteristics of ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in routine genotypic screening in conjunction with the study of PD-L1 expression, a biomarker for first-line treatment decisions.

Methods: Reflex simultaneous genotypic screening for EGFR by peptide nucleic acid clamping, and ALK and ROS1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on consecutive NSCLC cases at the time of initial pathologic diagnosis. We evaluated genetic aberrations, clinicopathologic characteristics, and PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) using a PD-L1 22C3 assay kit.

Predicting cumulative incidence of adverse events in older patients with cancer undergoing first-line palliative chemotherapy: Korean Cancer Study Group (KCSG) multicentre prospective study.

Background: Older patients have increased risk of toxicity from chemotherapy. Current prediction tools do not provide information on cumulative risk.

Methods: Patients aged ≥ 70 years with solid cancer were prospectively enrolled.

Efficacy and safety of oxycodone/naloxone as add-on therapy to gabapentin or pregabalin for the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in Korea.

Aims: To investigate the efficacy and safety of oxycodone/naloxone in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) inadequately controlled with pregabalin or gabapentin.

Methods: This 4-week, multicenter, interventional, single-arm phase IV study included 72 Korean patients with CIPN inadequately controlled with pregabalin or gabapentin (Numeric Rating Scale 0-10; NRS ≥4 at baseline). In addition to pregabalin or gabapentin at existing doses, patients received 20/10 mg/day oxycodone/naloxone (up-titrated to 80/40 mg/day as needed).

Clinical characteristics and treatment propensity in elderly patients aged over 80 years with colorectal cancer.

Background/aims: Elderly patients (≥ 80 years) with colorectal cancer (CRC) tend to avoid active treatment at the time of diagnosis despite of recent advances in treatment. The aim of this study was to determine treatment propensity of elderly patients aged ≥ 80 years with CRC in clinical practice and the impact of anticancer treatment on overall survival (OS).

Methods: Medical charts of 152 elderly patients (aged ≥ 80 years) diagnosed with CRC between 1998 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.

Randomized phase II study comparing weekly docetaxel-cisplatin vs. gemcitabine-cisplatin in elderly or poor performance status patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Docetaxel/cisplatin (DP) and gemcitabine/cisplatin (GP) are standard treatment regimens for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In spite of potent efficacy, the conventional 1-day DP is regarded as having more toxicity as compared with GP. There is increasing interest in a biweekly split administration of DP to reduce its toxicity.