ATR inhibition promotes synergistic antitumor effect in platinum-resistant pancreatic cancer.

Background: Oxaliplatin is a commonly used platinum-based chemotherapy drug for patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). Drug resistance is a major challenge in PC treatment, underscoring the urgent need for new approaches. Targeting DNA damage repair, one of the factors responsible for platinum resistance, is an attractive strategy to overcome drug resistance.

Digital single-operator cholangioscopy for difficult anastomotic biliary strictures in living donor liver transplant recipients after failure of standard ERCP: SPYPASS-2 study (with videos).

Background And Aims: Liver transplantation (LT) is a curative treatment for end-stage liver disease. Anastomotic biliary strictures (ABSs) are more common in living donor LT (LDLT). However, the success rate of ERCP for ABS remains unsatisfactory.

Survey of Experts' Opinions on the Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms.

Objective: To survey experts' opinions in abdominal radiology (radiologists) and pancreas-specialized gastroenterology (pancreatologists) in South Korea regarding diagnosing and managing pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCNs).

Materials And Methods: Between August 25, 2023, and October 5, 2023, an online survey was conducted among members of the Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology and the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association via email invitation.

Results: The responses from 100 radiologists and 41 pancreatologists were analyzed.

Prognostic value of the mutation in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma receiving FOLFIRINOX.

Background: , , , and have been the main driver mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Studies on the clinical significance and treatment response to 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) regimen in terms of the presence of these mutations remain inconclusive.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the survival outcome and response to FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy based on the presence of four driver mutation genes.

Association between diabetic status and risk of acute pancreatitis: A nationwide population-based study.

Objective: There have been several epidemiologic studies on the association between diabetes mellitus and acute pancreatitis. However, there is no solid evidence, and the effect of diabetes mellitus severity on acute pancreatitis incidence is not well known. This study aimed to evaluate the association between diabetic status and the risk of acute pancreatitis in a nationwide population-based cohort.

Survival benefit of adjuvant treatment for ampullary cancer with lymph nodal involvement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The efficacy of adjuvant treatment (AT) in ampullary cancer (AmC) remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the role of AT for AmC.

Data Sources: A comprehensive systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases.

Aggressive hydration with lactated Ringer's solution versus plasma solution for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (ALPS study): protocol for a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plays an indispensable role in treating pancreato-biliary diseases but carries a risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Despite advances in the prevention strategies, prevention of PEP remains imperfect, necessitating more refined hydration methods. This study investigates the effectiveness of lactated Ringer's solution versus plasma solution in preventing PEP.

The predictive value of PD-L1 expression in response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy for biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recently, anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy offers promising results for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). However, patients show highly heterogeneous responses to treatment, and predictive biomarkers are lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential of PD-L1 expression as a biomarker for treatment response and survival in patients with BTC undergoing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.

Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Targeting the HGF/c-MET Pathway: The MEK Inhibitor Trametinib.

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by fibrosis/desmoplasia in the tumor microenvironment, which is primarily mediated by pancreatic stellate cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. HGF/c-MET signaling, which is instrumental in embryonic development and wound healing, is also implicated for its mitogenic and motogenic properties. In pancreatic cancer, this pathway, along with its downstream signaling pathways, is associated with disease progression, prognosis, metastasis, chemoresistance, and other tumor-related factors.

Diagnostic performance of EUS-guided elastography for differential diagnosis of gallbladder polyp.

Background And Aims: It is difficult to differentiate between neoplastic and non-neoplastic gallbladder (GB) polyps before surgery. EUS-guided elastography (EUS-EG) is a noninvasive complementary diagnostic method. The utility of EUS-EG in the differential diagnosis of GB polyps has not been investigated.

Enhanced Anti-tumor Effect of Flavopiridol in Combination With Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer.

Background/aim: The efficacy of current chemotherapies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still unsatisfactory. Flavopiridol inhibits multiple cyclin-dependent kinases, causing cell cycle arrest and inducing cancer cell apoptosis. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of flavopiridol and gemcitabine in PDAC in vitro and in vivo.

Safety and Efficacy of Neoadjuvant SABR in Pancreatic Cancer: Effect of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Respiratory-Gated Adaptive Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant SABR using magnetic resonance imaging-guided respiratory-gated adaptive radiation therapy (MRgRg-ART) in pancreatic cancer.

Methods And Materials: We performed a single-institution retrospective review in patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent neoadjuvant SABR followed by surgical resection. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, those considered resectable by the multidisciplinary team received SABR over 5 consecutive days using MRgRg-ART.

Optimal Follow-up of Incidental Pancreatic Cystic Lesions without Worrisome Features: Clinical Outcome after Long-term Follow-up.

Background/aims: : The optimal duration and interval of follow-up for cystic lesions of the pancreas (CLPs) is not well established. This study was performed to investigate the optimal duration and interval of follow-up for CLPs in clinical practice.

Methods: : Patients with CLPs without worrisome features or high-risk stigmata underwent follow-up with computed tomography at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months and then every 12 months thereafter.

Savolitinib: A Promising Targeting Agent for Cancer.

Savolitinib is a highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET) tyrosine kinase, primarily developed for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with mutations. It is also being investigated as a treatment for breast, head and neck, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and other gastrointestinal cancers. In both preclinical and clinical studies, it has demonstrated efficacy in lung, kidney, and stomach cancers.

Hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype and waist circumference triglyceride index are associated with higher incidence of acute pancreatitis: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The hypertriglyceridaemic waist (HTGW) phenotype, an indicator to assess metabolic syndrome, could be a useful predictive marker for the risk of acute pancreatitis. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the HTGW phenotype and the risk of acute pancreatitis with a nationwide population-based cohort.

Design: A retrospective, nationwide cohort study.

Analysis of ultrasonographic images using a deep learning-based model as ancillary diagnostic tool for diagnosing gallbladder polyps.

Background: Accurately diagnosing gallbladder polyps (GBPs) is important to avoid misdiagnosis and overtreatment.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of a deep learning model and the accuracy of a computer-aided diagnosis by physicians for diagnosing GBPs.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2006 to September 2021, and 3,754 images from 263 patients were analyzed.

Acute Pancreatitis and the Risk of Dementia in Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study Using Korean Healthcare Claims Database.

Background: Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of dementia, which has been proven to be associated with systemic inflammation. Acute pancreatitis, also a local and systemic inflammatory disease, is the most common gastrointestinal disease requiring acute hospitalization.

Objective: The effect of acute pancreatitis on dementia was investigated in type 2 diabetic patients.

Association between glycemic status and the risk of acute pancreatitis: a nationwide population-based study.

Background: Although diabetes is reportedly associated with the occurrence of acute pancreatitis (AP), the risk of AP according to the duration and severity of diabetes is not yet clear. We aimed to investigate the risk of AP based on glycemic status and the presence of comorbidities using a nationwide population-based study.

Methods: We enrolled 3,912,496 adults who underwent health examinations under the National Health Insurance Service in 2009.

Antiproliferative Activity of Krukovine by Regulating Transmembrane Protein 139 (TMEM139) in Oxaliplatin-Resistant Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

Krukovine (KV) is an alkaloid isolated from the bark of (Mart.) Sandw. (Menispermaceae) with anticancer potential in some cancers with mutations.

Efficacy and predictive factors of endoscopic ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation in benign solid pancreatic tumors.

Backgrounds And Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation (EUS-EA) has recently been introduced for the management of solid pancreatic tumors, including pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs). The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and predictive factors for response of EUS-EA in solid pancreatic tumors.

Methods: Between October 2015 and July 2021, 72 patients who underwent EUS-EA for solid pancreatic tumors were included.