Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma: Current State, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

Glioblastoma is the most lethal intracranial primary malignancy by no optimal treatment option. Cancer immunotherapy has achieved remarkable survival benefits against various advanced tumors, such as melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer, thus triggering great interest as a new therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma. Moreover, the central nervous system has been rediscovered recently as a region for active immunosurveillance.

Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on a Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Model.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are the most severe cutaneous drug hypersensitivity reactions, which are unpredictable adverse drug reactions. SJS/TEN is associated with significant mortality and morbidity; however, effective treatment is difficult. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well-known for their anti-inflammatory and tissue regeneration properties.

3-Hydroxy-2-(trialkylsilyl)phenyl Triflate: A Benzyne Precursor Triggered via 1,3-C-sp-to-O Silyl Migration.

3-Hydroxy-2-(trialkylsilyl)phenyl triflates are presented as new versatile hydroxyaryne precursors. These are base-activated aryne precursors induced via a C-sp-to-O 1,3-Brook rearrangement. The reaction of various arynophiles and 3-trialkylsiloxybenzyne generated from 3-hydroxy-2-(trialkylsilyl)phenyl triflate efficiently afforded highly regioselective phenol derivatives.

Molecular Detection of Specific Gene from Infected Dog Blood Sample Using Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Background: , a filarial nematode, is the most important parasite-affecting dogs, causing cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis. Current diagnostic tools for detecting include morphological assays, antigen detection, and X-ray. Herein, we developed a method for the molecular detection of in blood using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Gallic acid regulates body weight and glucose homeostasis through AMPK activation.

Gallic acid [3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (GA)], a natural phytochemical, is known to have a variety of cellular functions including beneficial effects on metabolic syndromes. However, the molecular mechanism by which GA exerts its beneficial effects is not known. Here we report that GA plays its role through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and by regulating mitochondrial function via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator1α (PGC1α).

Improvement in skin wrinkles using a preparation containing human growth factors and hyaluronic acid serum.

Background: Skin aging is accompanied by wrinkle formation. At some sites, such as the periorbital skin, this is a relatively early phenomenon.

Objective: We evaluated the anti-wrinkle effect of a preparation containing human growth factor and hyaluronic acid serum on periorbital wrinkles (crow's feet).

Appropriate timing for thyroidectomy scar treatment using a 1,550-nm fractional erbium-glass laser.

Background: Surgical scarring is a common cosmetic problem that occurs in various surgical fields, including dermatology. Many trials have been conducted to determine how to prevent this distressing scar formation. A 1,550-nm fractional erbium-glass laser has been used to improve the appearance of surgical scars, but an appropriate treatment time has not been established.

Reduction in facial hyperpigmentation after treatment with a combination of topical niacinamide and tranexamic acid: a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial.

Background: Facial hyperpigmentation occurs in multiple conditions. In addition, many Asian women desire a lighter skin color. Thus, there is a need for the development of skin lightening agents, and niacinamide and tranexamic acid (TXA) are promising candidates.

Autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome presenting with general neurodermatitis.

Autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome (AES) was first described by Gardner and Diamond in 1955, when four women with painful bruising were depicted. Patients with AES typically present with the development of recurrent, spontaneous, painful ecchymosis, frequently preceded by a prodrome of pain or itching of the skin. The patients are sensitive to their own red blood cells injected intradermally, and underlying coagulopathies are thought to be absent.

Inhibitory effects of Saururi chinensis extracts on melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells.

Saururus chinensis has been used in folk medicine in Korea for the treatment of edema, jaundice, gonorrhea, and several inflammatory diseases. Saururi chinensis extracts (SCE) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, as well as anti-asthmatic, antihypertensive, anti-angiogenic, and therapeutic activities for atopic dermatitis. However, the inhibitory activity of SCE on the melanogenesis signaling pathway is not completely understood.

Treatment of infraorbital dark circles in atopic dermatitis with a 2790-nm erbium: yttrium scandium gallium garnet laser: a pilot study.

Background: Although many Asian atopic patients have orbital darkening symptom and the demand to treat this condition is increasing, little has been reported in the literature on the treatment of infraorbital dark circles in atopic dermatitis.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 2790-nm erbium:yttrium scandium gallium garnet (Er:YSGG) laser therapy for reducing infraorbital dark circles in atopic dermatitis patients.

Materials And Methods: Ten Korean patients over 21 year with mild atopic dermatitis and infraorbital dark circles were enrolled in this study.

Acute dystonia by droperidol during intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in young patients.

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is an important means for postoperative analgesia with parenteral opioid. However, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a major problem with a PCA system. Droperidol is used in PCA to prevent PONV.