Surgical Treatment of Ruptured Aneurysms of Lateral Spinal Artery Presenting as Intracranial Subarachnoid Hemorrhage : Case Series and Literature Review.

Lateral spinal artery (LSA) aneurysms are extremely rare lesions that can rupture and cause subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) even though the spinal arteries communicate directly with the subarachnoid space. To date, six cases of LSA aneurysms have been reported in the literature. Herein, three such cases are reported.

Microstructures of HfO Films Prepared via Atomic Layer Deposition Using La(NO)·6HO Oxidants.

Hafnium oxide (HfO) films have a wide range of applications in solid-state devices, including metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). The growth of HfO films from the metal precursor tetrakis(ethylmethylamino) hafnium with La(NO)·6HO solution (LNS) as an oxidant was investigated. The atomic layer deposition (ALD) conditions were optimized, and the chemical state, surface morphology, and microstructure of the prepared films were characterized.

Prediction of Risk Factors after Spine Surgery in Patients Aged >75 Years Using the Modified Frailty Index.

Objective: Spine surgery is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates in elderly patients. The modified Frailty Index (mFI) is an evaluation tool to determine the frailty of an individual and how preoperative status may impact postoperative survival and outcomes. This study aimed to determine the usefulness of mFI in predicting postoperative complications in patients aged ≥75 years undergoing surgery with instrumentation.

Progressive Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Caused by Tic Disorders in a Young Adult with Tourette Syndrome.

Involuntary movement of the cervical spine can cause damage to the cervical spinal cord. Cervical myelopathy may occur at an early age in involuntary movement disorders, such as tics. We report the case of a 21-year-old man with Tourette syndrome, who developed progressive quadriparesis, which was more severe in the upper extremities.

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Infarction Originating at C1-2 after C1-2 Fusion.

Vertebral artery injuries associated with C1 lateral mass screw insertion rarely occur during C1-2 fusion. The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is uncommonly located at the C1 lateral mass insertion position. A 71-year-old woman with atlanto-axial subluxation and cord compression underwent C1-2 fusion.

Tracheal Infection Resulting from High Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure in an Unconscious Patient with Brain Trauma.

Deep neck infections (DNIs) are mainly caused by dental caries, tonsillitis, and pharyngitis; however, DNIs can also occur after head and neck trauma. A 79-year-old male patient underwent a craniectomy due to an acute subdural hematoma. The patient was unconscious and continued to have a fever, but no clear cause was found.

Bilateral Infarction of the Recurrent Arteries of Heubner Following Clipping of an Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm.

A 50-year-old woman reported to the emergency department with thunderclap headache and vomiting. Non-enhanced brain computed tomography (CT) showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage of Hunt-Hess Grade II and Fisher Grade III. Brain angiography CT and transfemoral cerebral angiography (TFCA) revealed an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery.

Stent-Assisted Coil Embolization Using Only a Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor (Tirofiban) for Ruptured Wide-Necked Aneurysm Repair.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coil embolization using only a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (tirofiban).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured wide-necked intracranial aneurysms who were treated by stent-assisted coil embolization. In all patients, the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban was administered just before stent deployment.

Therapeutic effect of ascorbic acid on dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia in rats.

Objective: Dapsone (diaminodiphenyl sulfone, DDS) is currently used to treat leprosy, malaria, dermatitis herpetiformis, and other diseases. It is also used to treat pneumocystis pneumonia and Toxoplasma gondii infection in HIV-positive patients. The most common adverse effect of DDS is methemoglobinemia from oxidative stress.

Electromagnetic Functionalization of Wide-Bandgap Dielectric Oxides by Boron Interstitial Doping.

A surge in interest of oxide-based materials is testimony for their potential utility in a wide array of device applications and offers a fascinating landscape for tuning the functional properties through a variety of physical and chemical parameters. In particular, selective electronic/defect doping has been demonstrated to be vital in tailoring novel functionalities, not existing in the bulk host oxides. Here, an extraordinary interstitial doping effect is demonstrated centered around a light element, boron (B).

Changes in intracranial volume and cranial shape in modern Koreans over four decades.

Objectives: This study investigated whether there was any secular change in cranial vault morphology among Koreans born between the 1930s and 1970s, a period of dramatic shift in Korea's socioeconomic conditions.

Materials And Methods: Using three-dimensional MRI volumetry, we obtained the intracranial volume (ICV) and craniometric measurements of 115 healthy Koreans: 58 individuals (32 males and 26 females) born in the 1930s (1926-1936) and 57 (28 males and 29 females) born in the 1970s (1972-1979).

Results: The intracranial volume of males was 1502.

Effect of Growth Temperature on the Structural and Electrical Properties of ZrO₂ Films Fabricated by Atomic Layer Deposition Using a CpZr[N(CH₃)₂]₃/C₇H₈ Cocktail Precursor.

The effect of growth temperature on the atomic layer deposition of zirconium oxide (ZrO₂) dielectric thin films that were fabricated using a CpZr[N(CH₃)₂]₃/C₇H₈ cocktail precursor with ozone was investigated. The chemical, structural, and electrical properties of ZrO₂ films grown at temperatures from 250 to 350 °C were characterized. Stoichiometric ZrO₂ films formed at 250-350 °C with an atomic ratio of O to Zr of 1.

Endovascular Treatments for Ruptured Intracranial Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms: Experience in 16 Patients.

Objective: Intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms are rare lesions that are considered an important cause of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. We report our decade-long experience in treating ruptured intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 21 consecutive patients between February 2005 and March 2015.

Cilostazol attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal cell death.

Cilostazol is a selective inhibitor of type 3 phosphodiesterase (PDE3) and has been widely used as an antiplatelet agent. Cilostazol mediates this activity through effects on the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling cascade. Recently, it has attracted attention as a neuroprotective agent.

Epidural Metastasis in Malignant Thymoma Mimicking Epidural Abscess: Case Report and Literature Review.

Thymoma and thymic carcinoma are rare epithelial tumors that originate from the thymus gland. Extrathoracic metastases occur in the liver, kidney, and bone in 1% to 15% of patients. Although thymoma and thymic carcinoma exhibit highly aggressive biological behavior, spinal metastasis is rare.

Roles of the Declive, Folium, and Tuber Cerebellar Vermian Lobules in Sportspeople.

The cerebellum plays vital roles in balance control and motor learning, including in saccadic adaptation and coordination. It consists of the vermis and two hemispheres and is anatomically separated into ten lobules that are designated as I-X. Although neuroimaging and clinical studies suggest that functions are compartmentalized within the cerebellum, the function of each cerebellar lobule is not fully understood.

The Safety and Decision Making of Instrumented Surgery in Infectious Spondylitis.

Objective: Infectious spondylitis is mostly managed by appropriate antibiotic treatment options, and some patients may require surgical interventions. However, surgical interventions that use spinal instrumentation to correct the mechanical instability may be associated with the risk of an increase in the recurrence rate. In this study, we investigated whether spinal instrumentation effects on recurrence of infectious spondylitis.

CLIF-SOFA score and SIRS are independent prognostic factors in patients with hepatic encephalopathy due to alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complication associated with worst prognosis in decompensated liver cirrhosis (LC) patients. Previous studies have identified prognostic factors for HE, and recent studies reported an association between systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and liver disease. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors for 30-day mortality in alcoholic LC patients with HE who visited the emergency department (ED).

Analysis of the Risk Factors Affecting the Surgical Site Infection after Cranioplasty Following Decompressive Craniectomy.

Objective: The risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) after cranioplasty following decompressive craniectomy remain unclear. The goal of this study was to analyze the risk factors related to developing SSIs after cranioplasty and to suggest valuable predictors.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients who underwent cranioplasty following decompressive craniectomy at our institution from January 2011 to December 2014, a total of 78 patients who underwent 78 cranioplasties.

White matter plasticity in the cerebellum of elite basketball athletes.

Recent neuroimaging studies indicate that learning a novel motor skill induces plastic changes in the brain structures of both gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) that are associated with a specific practice. We previously reported an increased volume of vermian lobules VI-VII (declive, folium, and tuber) in elite basketball athletes who require coordination for dribbling and shooting a ball, which awakened the central role of the cerebellum in motor coordination. However, the precise factor contributing to the increased volume was not determined.

Resistive Switching Characteristics of Atomic-Layer-Deposited Y2O3 Insulators with Deposition Temperature.

Resistive switching characteristics of insulating Y2O3 films grown by an atomic layer deposition technique have been investigated with their growth temperature range of 250 °C to 350 °C. Ru/Y2O3/Ru resistors reveal the bi-stable unipolar resistive switching behaviors. Resistive switching behaviors are related to the chemical bonding states of Y2O3 insulating films.

Vancomycin-lnduced fluorescence and morphological changes in bis(dipeptide)-containing biphenyl supramolecules.

A biphenyl derivative containing two D-Ala-D-Ala moieties was found to form fluorescent nano/microfibers when subjected to self-assembly conditions in aqueous EtOH. Incubation of the nano/microfibers with vancomycin results in the disappearance of the fibers along with a significant decrease in the fluorescence intensity. The detection limit of vancomycin determined by the fluorescence quenching strategy was calculated to be ca.

Acute spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma with vague symptoms.

Spinal subdural hematoma is a rarely reported disease and spontaneous spinal subdural hematomas (SSDH) without underlying pathological changes are even rarer. The patients usually show typical symtoms such as back pain, quadriplegia, paraplegia or sensory change. But rarely, patients may show atypical symptoms such as hemiparesis and misdiagnosed to cerebrovascular accident.

Clinical practice guidelines for the medical and surgical management of primary intracerebral hemorrhage in Korea.

The purpose of this clinical practice guideline (CPG) is to provide current and comprehensive recommendations for the medical and surgical management of primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Since the release of the first Korean CPGs for stroke, evidence has been accumulated in the management of ICH, such as intracranial pressure control and minimally invasive surgery, and it needs to be reflected in the updated version. The Quality Control Committee at the Korean Society of cerebrovascular Surgeons and the Writing Group at the Clinical Research Center for Stroke (CRCS) systematically reviewed relevant literature and major published guidelines between June 2007 and June 2013.