Gravitational Acceleration Test Results by Lifestyle and Physical Fitness of Air Force Cadets.

The purpose of this study was to analyze G test results according to the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), body composition, and physical fitness of fourth-grade air force cadets. This was done to identify the relationship between the TFEQ, body composition, and G resistance, in order to provide basic data for pilots and air force cadets to strengthen G tolerance. From the Republic of Korea Air Force Academy (ROKAFA), 138 fourth-year cadets were assessed using the TFEQ and for body composition and physical fitness.

Classification of pachychoroid disease on ultrawide-field indocyanine green angiography using auto-machine learning platform.

Aims: Automatic identification of pachychoroid maybe used as an adjunctive method to confirm the condition and be of help in treatment for macular diseases. This study investigated the feasibility of classifying pachychoroid disease on ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (UWF ICGA) images using an automated machine-learning platform.

Methods: Two models were trained with a set including 783 UWF ICGA images of patients with pachychoroid (n=376) and non-pachychoroid (n=349) diseases using the AutoML Vision (Google).

Induction of Redox-Active Gene Expression by CoCl Ameliorates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Injury of Murine Auditory Cells.

Free radicals formed in the inner ear in response to high-intensity noise, are regarded as detrimental factors for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). We reported previously that intraperitoneal injection of cobalt chloride attenuated the loss of sensory hair cells and NIHL in mice. The present study was designed to understand the preconditioning effect of CoCl on oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity.

L-765,314 Suppresses Melanin Synthesis by Regulating Tyrosinase Activity.

Although melanin production is a key self-defense mechanism against ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced skin damage, uneven or excessive deposition of melanin causes hyperpigmentary disorders. Currently available whitening agents are unsatisfactory because of issues with efficacy and safety. To develop more effective depigmenting agents, we performed high-throughput melanin content assay screening using the B16F10 melanoma cell line and identified L-765,314 as a drug that suppressed melanin production in cultured melanocytes in a dose-dependent manner as well as cAMP- or 12--tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated melanin production without cytotoxicity.

Oxytetracycline have the therapeutic efficiency in CD133 HCC population through suppression CD133 expression by decreasing of protein stability of CD133.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered a serious sub-population in cancer tissues because of their strong resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, the current advancements in the use of liver cancer stem cells (LCSC) to develop efficient and organized means to an antitumor agent is quickly gaining recognition as a novel goal. Previously, we characterized CSCs in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identified CD133 as a CSC cell-surface marker.

Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products promote the migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells by activating the integrin β4-FAK/Src signaling pathway.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a slow-growing but highly metastatic cancer. Its metastatic potential largely explains its high mortality rate. A recognized risk factor for CCA development is infection with the liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis.

The small molecule '1-(4-biphenylylcarbonyl)-4-(5-bromo-2-methoxybenzyl) piperazine oxalate' and its derivatives regulate global protein synthesis by inactivating eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha.

By environmental stresses, cells can initiate a signaling pathway in which eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha (eIF2-α) is involved to regulate the response. Phosphorylation of eIF2-α results in the reduction of overall protein neogenesis, which allows cells to conserve resources and to reprogram energy usage for effective stress control. To investigate the role of eIF2-α in cell stress responses, we conducted a viability-based compound screen under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress condition, and identified 1-(4-biphenylylcarbonyl)-4-(5-bromo-2-methoxybenzyl) piperazine oxalate (AMC-01) and its derivatives as eIF2-α-inactivating chemical.

The effect of exercise on expression of myokine and angiogenesis mRNA in skeletal muscle of high fat diet induced obese rat.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of regular treadmill exercise on the mRNA expressions of myokines and angiogenesis factors in the skeletal muscle of obese rats.

Methods: Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats (4weeks old) were divided into the CO (control) and HF (high fat diet) groups. Obesity was induced in the HF group by consumption of 45% high-fat diet for 15 weeks.

Delphinidin sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, by inducing DR5 and causing caspase-mediated HDAC3 cleavage.

TRAIL can induce apoptosis in some cancer cells and is an immune effector in the surveillance and elimination of developing tumors. Yes, some cancers are resistant to TRAIL. Delphinidin, a polyphenolic compound contained in brightly colored fruits and vegetables, has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumorigenic activities.

Novel peptides functionally targeting in vivo human lung cancer discovered by in vivo peptide displayed phage screening.

Discovery of the cancer-specific peptidic ligands have been emphasized for active targeting drug delivery system and non-invasive imaging. For the discovery of useful and applicable peptidic ligands, in vivo peptide-displayed phage screening has been performed in this study using a xenograft mouse model as a mimic microenvironment to tumor. To seek human lung cancer-specific peptides, M13 phage library displaying 2.

Induction of cancer-related microRNA expression profiling using excretory-secretory products of Clonorchis sinensis.

Clonorchis sinensis is a carcinogenic human liver fluke by which chronic infection is strongly associated with the development of cholangiocarcinoma. Although this cholangiocarcinoma is caused by both physical and chemical irritation from direct contact with adult worms and their excretory-secretory products (ESPs), the precise molecular events of the host-pathogen interactions remain to be elucidated. To better understand the effect of C.

Neobavaisoflavone sensitizes apoptosis via the inhibition of metastasis in TRAIL-resistant human glioma U373MG cells.

Aims: Neobavaisoflavone (NBIF), an isoflavone isolated from Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae), has striking anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. NBIF inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a key endogenous molecule that selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells with little or no toxicity in normal cells.

NPS-1034, a novel MET inhibitor, inhibits the activated MET receptor and its constitutively active mutants.

The MET proto-oncogene product, which is the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastatic progression. Point mutations in MET lead to the aberrant activation of the receptor in many types of human malignancies, and the deregulated activity of MET has been correlated with tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. MET has therefore attracted considerable attention as a potential target in anticancer therapy.

Anesthetic experience of a patient with relapsing polychondritis -A case report-.

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare disease characterized by progressive inflammation and destruction of cartilaginous structures such as ears, nose, and tracheolaryngeal structures. As a result, tracheolaryngeal involvement makes anesthetic management a challenge. Anesthetic management of a patient with relapsing polychondritis may encounter airway problems caused by severe tracheal stenosis.

Development of erlotinib derivatives as CIP2A-ablating agents independent of EGFR activity.

Cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) is a novel human oncoprotein that inhibits PP2A, contributing to tumor aggressiveness in various cancers. Several studies have shown that downregulation of CIP2A by small molecules reduces PP2A-dependent phosphorylation of Akt and induces cell death. Here, a series of mono- and di-substituted quinazoline and pyrimidine derivatives based on the skeleton of erlotinib (an EGFR inhibitor) were synthesized and their bioactivities against hepatocellular carcinoma were evaluated.

Cyclosporine A and bromocriptine attenuate cell death mediated by intracellular calcium mobilization.

To identify the novel inhibitors of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death, we performed a high throughput assay with a chemical library containing a total of 3280 bioactive small molecules. Cyclosporine A and bromocriptine were identified as potent inhibitors of thapsigargiin-induced cell death (cut-off at 4σ standard score) . However, U74389G, the potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation had lower activity in inhibiting cell death.

Blockade of STAT3 activation by sorafenib derivatives through enhancing SHP-1 phosphatase activity.

Previously, we demonstrated that the multiple kinase inhibitor sorafenib mediates the repression of phospho-STAT3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In this study, we used this kinase-independent mechanism as a molecular basis to use sorafenib as scaffold to develop a novel class of SHP-1-activating agents. The proof of principle of this premise was provided by SC-1, which on replacement of N-methylpicolinamide by a phenylcyano group showed abolished kinase activity while retaining phospho-STAT3 repressive activity.

Downregulation of Mcl-1 by daunorubicin pretreatment reverses resistance of breast cancer cells to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.

The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising cancer therapeutic agent. However, tumor cells often develop resistance to TRAIL, limiting its therapeutic potential. To study the mechanism underlying TRAIL-resistance in breast cancer cells, we performed a high-throughput compound screen in MCF-7 cells.

Free radicals enzymatically triggered by Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products cause NF-κB-mediated inflammation in human cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Chronic clonorchiasis, caused by direct and continuous contact with Clonorchis sinensis worms and their excretory-secretory products, is associated with hepatobiliary damage, inflammation, periductal fibrosis and even development of cholangiocarcinoma. Our previous report revealed that intracellular reactive oxygen species were generated in C. sinensis excretory-secretory product-treated human cholangiocarcinoma cells; however, their endogenous sources and pathophysiological roles in host cells were not determined.

The roles of ER stress and P450 2E1 in CCl(4)-induced steatosis.

The role of ER stress on hepatic steatosis was investigated in a rat model. We injected CCl(4) into rats and found that CCl(4) could induce hepatic lipid accumulation, confirmed by Oil Red O staining and by measurement of triglyceride and cholesterol. The expression of ApoB, an apolipoprotein, was decreased in plasma and increased in the liver of CCl(4)-treated animals.

Enhanced lysosomal activity is involved in Bax inhibitor-1-induced regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and cell death against ER stress: involvement of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase).

Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that protects cells against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress while also affecting the ER stress response. In this study, we examined BI-1-induced regulation of the ER stress response as well as the control of the protein over cell death under ER stress. In BI-1-overexpressing cells (BI-1 cells), proteasome activity was similar to that of control cells; however, the lysosomal fraction of BI-1 cells showed sensitivity to degradation of BSA.

Pulsed radiofrequency treatment of pain relieving point in a soft tissue.

Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) treatment of nervous tissue has been proposed as a less neurodestructive technique alternative to continuous RF heat lesioning. Recently, clinical reports using PRF have shown favorable effects in the treatment of a variety of focal pain areas, even in non-nervous tissues; however, the mechanism of effect underlying this treatment to non-nervous tissue remains unclear. We report the case of a 67-year-old male who presented with pain reliving point in the posterior neck.