Human PBMC-based humanized mice exhibit myositis features and serve as a drug evaluation model.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of autoimmune disorders characterized by immune cell infiltration of muscle tissue accompanied by inflammation. Treatment of IIMs is challenging, with few effective therapeutic options due to the lack of appropriate models that successfully recapitulate the features of IIMs observed in humans. In the present study, we demonstrate that immunodeficient mice transplanted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) exhibit the key pathologic features of myositis observed in humans and develop graft-versus-host disease.

AURKA/PLK1/CDC25C Axis as a Novel Therapeutic Target in INI1-Deficient Epithelioid Sarcoma.

Effective therapeutic strategies for epithelioid sarcoma (EpS), a high-grade soft tissue sarcoma characterized by loss of integrase interactor 1 (INI1), have not yet been developed. The present study therefore investigated the association between INI1 loss and upregulation of the aurora kinase A (AURKA)/polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1)/cell division cycle 25C (CDC25C) axis, as well as the therapeutic relevance of this axis in EpS. Notably, our findings showed that the reintroduction of INI1 in VA-ES-BJ cells significantly reduced proliferation, mitigated tumorigenicity, and negatively regulated the expression of AURKA and its downstream effectors, as well as the activation of PLK1 and CDC25C.

[A Case of Intestinal Metastasis of Testicular Choriocarcinoma Revealed Through Gastrointestinal Bleeding].

A 26-year-old male presented to a hospital with complaints of hemoptysis and right scrotal swelling. Computed tomography (CT) revealed right testicular swelling, multiple lung metastases, and small intestinal wall thickening. The patient's β-human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, and hemoglobin levels were 103.

Feasibility of modified double-layered suturing for a large mucosal defect after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (origami method).

A modified double-layered suturing procedure (origami method; OGM) can achieve robust closure, even for large mucosal defects, by folding the muscle layer using through-the-scope clips. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of OGM in duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).This retrospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital.

Nanoarchitectonics for Improving Catalytic Performance of α-Alumina-supported Gold Nanoflower by Water Extraction and Ultraviolet-Ozone Treatment.

Shape-controlled nanocrystals, such as nanoflowers, are expected to serve as innovative nanocatalysts with high catalytic activity. It is well-established that these nanocrystals can be readily synthesized with specific shapes using colloidal methods in solutions containing capping agents. However, these capping agents tend to reduce the catalytic activity of nanocatalysts.

Therapeutic Potential of Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Domain Inhibitors for Synovial Sarcoma Cells.

Synovial sarcoma (SS), a rare subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma distinguished by expression of the fusion gene SS18-SSX, predominantly affects the extremities of young patients. Existing anticancer drugs have limited efficacy against this malignancy, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. Given the established role of SS18-SSX in epigenetic regulation, we focused on bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein (BET) inhibitors and epigenetic agents.

The Combined Use of Inflammation Markers, Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score, and Sarculator Nomogram in Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Sarculator is a validated nomogram designed to predict overall survival (OS) in extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Inflammation plays a critical role in cancer development and progression. There were no reports which investigated the relationship between Sarculator and inflammation.

Effectiveness and safety of plasma exchange for anti-MDA5 antibody-positive clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease refractory to intensive immune suppression therapy: A case series.

Introduction: Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody (Ab) with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) is often refractory for intensive immunosuppression. In this study, we verified the effectiveness and safety of plasma exchange (PEx) for this lethal disease.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the clinical course and adverse effect (AE) of 12 patients with anti-MDA5 Ab-positive CADM between January 2017 and December 2021 in our hospital.

Nanoarchitectonics and Catalytic Performance of Au-Pd Nanoflowers Supported on FeO.

Supported anisotropic bimetallic nanocrystals are attractive owing to their potential for novel catalytic applications. Au-Pd nanocrystals are expected to have higher catalytic activity for alcohol oxidation than Au nanocrystals. However, only a few studies have reported the application of anisotropic Au-Pd nanocrystals as alcohol-oxidation nanocatalysts.

Coefficient of variation of T2-weighted MRI may predict the prognosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

Background: We investigated whether non-enhancement MRI features, including measurement of the heterogeneity of the tumor with MR T2 imaging by calculating coefficient of variation (CV) values, were associated with the prognosis of non-metastatic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST).

Methods: This retrospective study included 42 patients with MPNST who had undergone surgical resection (mean age, 50 years ± 21; 20 male participants). Non-enhancement MR images were evaluated for signal intensity heterogeneity on T1- and T2-weighted imaging, tumor margin definition on T1- and T2-weighted imaging, peritumoral edema on T2-weight imaging, and CV.

Long-Term Prognosis of Antimelanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5-Positive Dermatomyositis With Interstitial Lung Disease.

Objective: Antimelanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5)-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD) progresses rapidly and has a poor prognosis. Previously, we reported the efficacy of a combination therapy comprising high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs), calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), and intravenous cyclophosphamide (IV CYC) in a multicenter clinical trial (UMIN000014344). In the present study, we evaluated the long-term outcomes and effects of induction therapy on the maintenance of remission.

Genetic characterization of a novel organoid from human malignant giant-cell tumor.

Malignant giant-cell tumors are extremely rare bone sarcomas that transform from conventional giant-cell tumors during long periods of treatment. Owing to their rarity, no further analysis of their molecular pathogenesis exists, and thus, no standard treatment has been established. Recently, organoid culture methods have been highlighted for recapturing the tumor microenvironment, and we have applied the culture methods and succeeded in establishing patient-derived organoids (PDO) of rare sarcomas.

Clinical Outcome of Low-Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma in Japan: A Multicenter Study from the Japanese Musculoskeletal Oncology Group.

This retrospective multicenter study aimed to analyze the clinical features and prognosis of 24 patients diagnosed with LGMS between 2002 and 2019 in the Japanese sarcoma network. Twenty-two cases were surgically treated and two cases were treated with radical radiotherapy (RT). The pathological margin was R0 in 14 cases, R1 in 7 cases, and R2 in 1 case.

Comparison of the Germination Conditions of Two Large-Spore Microsporidia Using Potassium and Sodium Ion Solutions.

The germination of a microsporidian polar tube generally occurs under alkaline conditions. Typically, microsporidian spores can be stored in physiological salt solution for short periods. However, because of differences in the lodging area, the requirements may not always be uniform.

Endoscopic ultrasound-assisted rendezvous by transgastric approach in malignant extrahepatic bile duct stricture.

Endoscopic ultrasonography rendezvous (EUS-RV) is useful in cases of difficult deep biliary cannulation. However, in malignant extrahepatic bile duct strictures (MEHBDS), transduodenal routes are challenging and the transgastric approach often requires fistula dilation. We report a case of resectable MEHBDS in which transgastric puncture from the antrum of the stomach as EUS-RV was useful.

Water-phase synthesis of Au and Au-Ag nanowires and their SERS activity.

Metal nanowires (NWs) with a diameter of a few nanometers have attracted considerable attention as a promising one-dimensional nanomaterial due to their inherent flexibility and conductive properties and their weak plasmon absorption in the visible region. In a previous paper, we reported the synthesis of ultrathin 1.8 nm-diameter Au NWs using toluene-solubilized aqueous solutions of a long-chain amidoamine derivative (C18AA).

Hole, Convex, and Silver Nanoparticle Patterning on Polystyrene Nanosheets by Colloidal Photolithography at Air-Water Interfaces.

Colloidal photolithography is a versatile advanced technique for fabricating periodic nanopatterned arrays, with patterns carved exclusively on photoresist films deposited on solid substrates in a typical photolithographic process. In this study, we apply colloidal photolithography to polystyrene (PS) films half-covered with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) colloids at the air-water interface and demonstrate that periodic hole structures can be carved in PS films by two processes: photodecomposing PS films with ultraviolet (UV) light and removing PMMA colloids with a fluorinated solvent. Nonspherical holes, such as C-shaped and chiral comma-shaped holes, are also fabricated by regulating the UV illumination conditions.