Differential effects of imeglimin and metformin on insulin and incretin secretion-An exploratory randomized controlled trial.

Aims: Imeglimin is a new oral anti-diabetic drug with a similar structure to that of metformin; however, unlike metformin, clinical trials indicate that imeglimin elicits its glucose-lowering effect mainly by enhancement of insulin secretion. The comparative effects of the two drugs on incretin secretion remains to be elucidated.

Materials And Methods: A single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes who were drug-naïve or were on a single oral hypoglycaemic agent (OHA).

Efgartigimod treatment for generalized myasthenia gravis: a single-center case series of 16 patients.

Background: Efgartigimod was approved in Japan in January 2022 for the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), regardless of antibody status. This case series describes a real-world experience in Japan of efgartigimod treatment for gMG patients with diverse backgrounds.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 16 Japanese patients (11 females and five males, mean age 40.

Experimental Formation and Mechanism Study for Super-High Dielectric Constant AlO/TiO Nanolaminates.

Super-high dielectric constant () AlO/TiO nanolaminates (ATO NLs) are deposited by an atomic layer deposition technique for application in next-generation electronics. Individual multilayers with uniform thicknesses are formed for the ATO NLs. With an increase in AlO content in each ATO sublayer, the shape of the Raman spectrum has a tendency to approach that of a single AlO layer.

Efficacy of a breastfeeding support education program for nurses and midwives: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Nutritional support influences the growth and development of late preterm infants (LPIs) and their long-term health status. However, healthy LPIs have a shorter hospital stay and may not receive adequate care after discharge. In this study, we developed and evaluated the effectiveness of an educational program for nurses and midwives to enable them to support breastfeeding of healthy LPIs.

Edge-of-chaos learning achieved by ion-electron-coupled dynamics in an ion-gating reservoir.

Physical reservoir computing has recently been attracting attention for its ability to substantially reduce the computational resources required to process time series data. However, the physical reservoirs that have been reported to date have had insufficient computational capacity, and most of them have a large volume, which makes their practical application difficult. Here, we describe the development of a Li electrolyte-based ion-gating reservoir (IGR), with ion-electron-coupled dynamics, for use in high-performance physical reservoir computing.

Pulmonary Thromboembolism Developed During Hospitalization: A Nationwide Retrospective Observational Study Using Claims Data.

Introduction: Evidence regarding the development of pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) during hospitalization is unclear. We hypothesized that the incidence of PE could vary depending on clinical department and aimed to conduct a survey on the incidence of in-hospital PE.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using claims data of in-hospital patients in Japan.

Epidemiological Study Regarding the Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients After Cancer Remission.

Introduction: The time course of reduction in the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients who were diagnosed with cancer, treated with anticancer therapy, and in remission is unclear. We hypothesized that the risk of VTE will decrease over time after cancer remission.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using claims data for cancer remission in Japan.

Epidemiology and Treatment Patterns of Venous Thromboembolism: an Observational Study of Nationwide Time-Series Trends in Japan.

Introduction: Previous studies on anticoagulation treatment trends have mostly focused on hospitalized patients. This study aimed to clarify the treatment status of patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japan from 2011 to 2018, including outpatients, and to assess adherence with current guidelines.

Methods: Data of inpatients and outpatients who were treated for VTE were extracted from a nationwide claims database (Medical Data Vision Co.

Safety of COVID-19 vaccine delivery by dentists: An observational cohort study.

Background/purpose: Although many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine injections have been administered worldwide, the safety of this practice remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the rates of complications associated with COVID-19 vaccines administered by dentists with those of vaccines administered by nurses. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of a vaccination program delivered by dentists.

Development of a scale for parent-to-baby emotions: Concepts, design, and factor structure.

Aim: Although infant crying is a prerequisite for a baby's survival, it often leads to negative consequences for the caregivers. We hypothesized that this would be mediated by a primary emotion that we feel directly in response to an internal or external event. Hence, this study aimed to develop a new scale to measure basic and self-conscious emotions as primary emotions towards an infant's cry.

Tunability of the bandgap of SnS by variation of the cell volume by alloying with A.E. elements.

We clarified that the bandgap of inorganic materials is strongly correlated with their effective coordination number (ECoN) via first-principles calculations and experimental confirmations. Tin mono-sulphide (Pnma) and germanium mono-sulphide (Pnma) were selected as model cases since these materials successively alter the ECoN as the cell volume changes and show an uncommon relationship between cell volume and bandgap. Contrary to the common semiconductors, the bandgaps of SnS (Pnma) and GeS (Pnma) have a positive relationship with respect to cell volume.

Influence of oral health on frailty in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 75 years or older.

Background: Poor oral health conditions are known to affect frailty in the older adults. Diabetes is a risk factor for both poor oral health and frailty, therefore, oral health status may affect frailty in diabetic patients more than in the general population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of oral health and other factors on frailty and the relationship among oral health, diabetes and frailty in older adult patients with type 2 diabetes.

TAQing2.0 for genome reorganization of asexual industrial yeasts by direct protein transfection.

Genomic rearrangements often generate phenotypic diversification. We previously reported the TAQing system where genomic rearrangements are induced via conditional activation of a restriction endonuclease in yeast and plant cells to produce mutants with marked phenotypic changes. Here we developed the TAQing2.

Heat-Resistant Black Insulative Thin Films for Flat-Panel Displays in Al-Doped Ag-Fe-O Systems.

Multilayer antireflection (AR) coatings require a material with a large and constant absorption coefficient over the whole visible range and thermal stability. Coatings for use in touch panel displays are also required to be electrically insulative. In this study, 60 mol % Ag-40 mol % (FeAl)-O ( = 0, 0.

Improvement of production yield of l-cysteine through in vitro metabolic pathway with thermophilic enzymes.

The demand for the amino acid l-cysteine is increasing in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Conventionally, the commercial production of l-cysteine is achieved by its extraction from the acid hydrolysate of hair and feathers. However, this production method is associated with the release of environmentally hazardous wastewater.

Breastfeeding support and barriers to women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a nationwide cross-sectional survey of hospitals in Japan.

Background: Despite the benefits of breastfeeding for women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and their infants, breastfeeding is less likely to be performed by this group. This study aimed to examine the current levels of implementation of breastfeeding support to women with GDM in Japan and to clarify barriers to promoting breastfeeding among this population.

Methods: A 25-item questionnaire was developed by the authors to investigate the current levels of implementation of breastfeeding support for women with GDM provided in hospitals, and to explore barriers for promoting breastfeeding among these women.

The electric double layer effect and its strong suppression at Li solid electrolyte/hydrogenated diamond interfaces.

The electric double layer (EDL) effect at solid electrolyte/electrode interfaces has been a key topic in many energy and nanoelectronics applications (e.g., all-solid-state Li batteries and memristors).

[Pharmacology education on women's health, pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding in Midwifery education].

Midwives are responsible professionals who support the sexual and reproductive health, rights, and welfare of individuals, families, and communities. In particular, midwives work in partnership with women to provide the necessary support, care and advice needed during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Midwives conduct normal births on her own responsibility, support breastfeeding, provide care for newborns and infants, and fully release mother-infant's latent strengths.

Synthesis of CaSnN via a High-Pressure Metathesis Reaction and the Properties of II-Sn-N (II = Ca, Mg, Zn) Semiconductors.

A novel ternary nitride semiconductor, CaSnN, with a layered rock-salt-type structure (3̅) was synthesized via a high-pressure metathesis reaction. The properties and structures of II-Sn-N (II = Ca, Mg, Zn) semiconductors were also systematically studied, and the differences among them were revealed by comparison. These semiconductor materials showed a rock-salt- or wurtzite-type structure depending on the combined effect of the synthetic conditions and the characteristics of the group II elements.

Verbal Communication of an Orally Intubated Patient in the Intensive Care Unit: A Case Report.

Background: Effective interaction with orally intubated patients is important for critical care rehabilitation. An electrolarynx (EL) has reportedly proven useful for facilitating verbal communication during oral intubation. The EL allows patients to express their wishes instantly.

Do postpartum anxiety and breastfeeding self-efficacy and bonding at early postpartum predict postpartum depression and the breastfeeding method?

We investigated whether postpartum anxiety (PPA) and breastfeeding self-efficacy and bonding at the early postpartum period can be used to predict postpartum depression and the breastfeeding method, and we sought to identify factors related to postpartum depression. Of the 510 eligible women, 185 (36%) returned the questionnaire on all three occasions (1 day, 3 days, and 1 month after childbirth). The mothers' progress on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (BFSES-SF), and Postnatal Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) was observed over three periods.

Publisher Correction: Characteristics of factors for decreased lung function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Characteristics of factors for decreased lung function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often accompanies type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, background factors affecting these diseases in the elderly remain unclear. Eligible patients with T2DM were divided into two age groups-non-elderly (<65 years) and elderly (≥65 years); COPD, ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced expiratory volume (FEV1/FVC ratio), and percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1% predicted) were examined, and factors related to reduced respiratory function according to age group were evaluated.