Redundancy in microbiota-mediated suppression of the soybean cyst nematode.

Background: Soybean cyst nematodes (SCN) as animal parasites of plants are not usually interested in killing the host but are rather focused on completing their life cycle to increase population, resulting in substantial yield losses. Remarkably, some agricultural soils after long-term crop monoculture show a significant decline in SCN densities and suppress disease in a sustainable and viable manner. However, relatively little is known about the microbes and mechanisms operating against SCN in such disease-suppressive soils.

Telesimulation Training for Endoscopic Mitral Valve Surgery: An Air-Pilot Training Concept for Distance Training.

Objective: The aim of this study was to validate and assess the feasibility and impact of telesimulation training on surgical skills using a portable mitral valve telesimulator.

Methods: A telesimulation course composed of 3 online modules was designed based on backwards chaining, preassessment and postassessment, performance feedback, hands-on training on a telesimulator, and the theoretical content. A fully 3-dimensional-printed and transportable telesimulator was developed and sent out to the participants with instruments that were needed.

Identification and Pathogenicity of Species Associated with Young Vine Decline in California.

Grapevine trunk diseases are caused by a broad diversity of fungal taxa that have serious impacts on the worldwide viticulture industry due to significant reductions in vineyards yield and lifespan. Field surveys carried out from 2018 to 2022 in California nurseries and young vineyards revealed a high incidence of . Since species are important pathogens of other perennial crops, the present study aimed to identify and determine the pathogenicity of the species on grapevines.

First Report of Binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-G Causing Grapevine () Trunk Diseases in California Nurseries.

Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTD) are caused by a consortium of fungal pathogens that affect the biological functions of the vascular system of mature and young grapevines (Gramaje et al. 2018). We conducted surveys to profile GTD pathogens in California grapevine nurseries and collected 784 cuttings of cvs.

An international survey-based assessment of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery.

Objectives: Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) has been shown to be safe and feasible however its adoption has lagged globally. The international consortium is lacking a set of guidelines that are specific to MIMVS. The aim of this study was to capture the practices of MIMVS in different centres.

Structure of multidisciplinary heart teams, a survey-based heart team study.

Objectives: Multidisciplinary approach is well established in various disciplines, with evidence highlighting improved patient outcomes. The objective of this survey was to determine the real-world practice of heart teams across Europe.

Methods: The survey was drafted after a consensus opinion from the authors.

Exogenous nitric oxide promotes salinity tolerance in plants: A meta-analysis.

Nitric oxide (NO) has received much attention since it can boost plant defense mechanisms, and plenty of studies have shown that exogenous NO improves salinity tolerance in plants. However, because of the wide range of experimental settings, it is difficult to assess the administration of optimal dosages, frequency, timing, and method of application and the overall favorable effects of NO on growth and yield improvements. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to reveal the exact physiological and biochemical mechanisms and to understand the influence of plant-related or method-related factors on NO-mediated salt tolerance.

The role of surgical transcatheter valve implantation for the treatment of severe mitral annular calcification.

With a rise in the aging population, mitral annular calcification is increasingly encountered with an incidence of 10% in over 70 years old. This with increasing patient comorbidities presents a technical challenge due to the risk of atrioventricular disruption which is associated with high operative mortality of up to 75%. We describe two cases of severe mitral disease with marked annular calcification successfully treated with a balloon expandable transcatheter valve which was deployed on cardiopulmonary bypass via a trans-atrial approach.

Bacterial community assemblages in the rhizosphere soil, root endosphere and cyst of soybean cyst nematode-suppressive soil challenged with nematodes.

In disease-suppressive soil, plants rely upon mutualistic associations between roots and specific microbes for nutrient acquisition and disease suppression. Notably, the transmission of suppressiveness by the cysts of sugar beet cyst nematode from suppressive to conducive soils has been previously observed in greenhouse trials. However, our current understanding of the bacterial assemblages in the cyst, root endosphere and rhizosphere soil is still limited.

Successive soybean-monoculture cropping assembles rhizosphere microbial communities for the soil suppression of soybean cyst nematode.

One of the mechanisms of disease suppressiveness in soils is long-term monoculture (LTM) cropping to dissuade pathogen infestation. However, the linkage between monoculturing and microbial community assemblage in the rhizosphere for disease suppression remains unclear. To decipher this potential relationship, soil samples were collected from seven locations in northeastern China, where LTM (6-38 yr) and short-term monoculture (STM ≤ 5 yr) cropping of soybean showed varying degrees of soil suppressiveness to the soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines).

Genomic, Transcriptomic, and Proteomic Analysis Provide Insights Into the Cold Adaptation Mechanism of the Obligate Psychrophilic Fungus .

is an obligate psychrophilic fungus. The cold adaptation mechanism of psychrophilic fungi remains unknown. Comparative genomics analysis indicated that had a specific codon usage preference, especially for codons of Gly and Arg and its major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter gene family was expanded.

Population Genetics of Hirsutella rhossiliensis, a Dominant Parasite of Cyst Nematode Juveniles on a Continental Scale.

Hirsutella rhossiliensis is a parasite of juvenile nematodes, effective against a diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes. Its global distribution on various nematode hosts and its genetic variation for several geographic regions have been reported, while the global population genetic structure and factors underlying patterns of genetic variation of H. rhossiliensis are unclear.

The transcription factor SKN7 regulates conidiation, thermotolerance, apoptotic-like cell death and parasitism in the nematode endoparasitic fungus Hirsutella minnesotensis.

The transcription factor SKN7 is a highly conserved protein among fungi and was initially recognized as a response regulator that protects cells from oxidative stress and maintains cell wall integrity in yeast. Orthologs of SKN7 are extensively present in biocontrol agents of plant pathogens, but they had not been functionally characterized. Here, we identified and characterized the transcription factor SKN7 in the nematode endoparasitic fungus Hirsutella minnesotensis.

[Endophytic bacterial diversity of wild soybean (Glycine soja) varieties with different resistance to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines)].

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate endophytic bacterial diversity of wild soybean varieties with different resistance to soybean cyst nematode(Heterodera glycines) , for deciphering the interactions of soybean cyst nematode with endophytic bacteria.

Methods: After screening wild soybean varieties against race 3 of H. glycines, we investigated endophytic bacterial diversity in root tissues of wild soybean varieties with different resistance to H.

Return to play after lateral meniscectomy compared with medial meniscectomy in elite professional soccer players.

Background: Meniscectomy is frequently performed in elite soccer athletes to allow return to a high level of performance as early as possible. Although lateral meniscectomy is known to have more serious long-term sequelae than medial meniscectomy, little is known about the effect of lateral meniscectomy on the time to return to play during the early recovery phase in professional soccer players.

Hypothesis: Lateral meniscectomy results in longer times to return to preinjury level of competition and a higher incidence of adverse outcomes compared with medial meniscectomy in elite professional soccer players.

Incidence and outcome of re-entry injury in redo cardiac surgery: benefits of preoperative planning.

Objectives: Repeat sternotomy for redo cardiac surgery may be associated with catastrophic injuries to mediastinal structures. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of these injuries, associated outcome and if a preoperative computerized tomography (CT) scan reduces the risk of re-entry injury.

Methods: Five hundred and forty-four patients who underwent redo cardiac surgery between 2001 and 2011 were identified by review of our unit's prospectively maintained cardiac surgery database.

Disruption of heat shock factor 1 reduces the formation of conidia and thermotolerance in the mycoparasitic fungus Coniothyrium minitans.

Coniothyrium minitans is a bio-control agent of Sclerotinia spp., and has the ability to produce abundant conidia to infect the host fungi. Mediation of heat shock factors (HSFs) is required to adapt to the acute temperatures, and to regulate the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) to function as molecular chaperones to assist in development, protein folding and stability.

Traumatic Bilateral Pneumothoraces due to Sternal Wire Migration.

Sternal wound complications after cardiac surgery are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Wire migrations associated with sternal dehiscence can lead to catastrophic haemorrhage unless intervened in time. We present a case of sternal wire migration causing bilateral pneumothoraces.

Is the way to a man's heart through his stomach? Enteropericardial fistula: case series and literature review.

Fistula formation between the pericardium and the gastrointestinal tract is rare. Enteropericardial fistulae may present dramatically, many have prodromal symptoms even though they are not symptoms usually associated with esophageal disease. Prompt diagnosis and expedient surgery can result in survival.

Inhibition of growth and induction of alkaline phosphatase in colon cancer cells by flavonols and flavonol glycosides.

We observed previously that quercetin can increase the activity of the differentiation markers alkaline phosphatase and dipeptidyl peptidase in Caco-2 colon cancer cells. In the present work, we compared the effects of quercetin on cell proliferation and differentiation with the action of related flavonols and quercetin glycosides. Relative to the action of quercetin, effects on growth and enzyme activities did not always follow parallel trends but quercetin 3-glucoside was notably more potent in both respects while quercetin rutinoside was less active.

Minimally invasive measurement of esophageal variceal pressure and wall tension (with video).

Background: There is no simple method to measure intravariceal pressure in patients with esophageal varices.

Objective: Our purpose was to develop a new noninvasive technique to measure resting intravariceal pressure and wall tension.

Design: A model was developed.