Up-to-Date Imaging for Parathyroid Tumor Localization in MEN1 Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: When and Which Ones (A Narrative Pictorial Review).

Patients diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN1) often initially present with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), and typically undergo surgical intervention. While laboratory tests are fundamental for diagnosis, imaging is crucial for localizing pathological parathyroids to aid in precise surgical planning. In this pictorial review, we will begin by comprehensively examining key imaging techniques and their established protocols, evaluating their effectiveness in detecting abnormal parathyroid glands.

Organ-specific response to [Lu]DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) assessed by sequential [Ga]DOTATOC PET/CT in patients with metastatic small intestine neuroendocrine tumors.

Purpose: To evaluate organ-specific response to [Lu]DOTATATE Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) in patients with small intestine neuroendocrine tumor (SiNET) through [Ga]DOTATOC PET/CT, and to analyze tumor uptake and functional volume variations at different metastatic sites in relation to disease progression during clinical follow-up after treatment.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 33 metastatic patients. PET/CT were performed pre-treatment (PET0), mid-treatment after two PRRT cycles (PET2), and post-treatment (PET4).

Deciphering F-DOPA uptake in SDH-related head and neck paragangliomas: a radiomics approach.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of germline succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx) pathogenic variants on 6-[F]-fluoro-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (F-DOPA) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radiomic signature of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs).

Methods: Forty-seven patients (20 SDH pathogenic variants carriers) harboring 55 HNPGLs were retrospectively included. HNPGLs were delineated using Nestle adaptive threshold.

Numerical estimation of ultrasonic phase velocity and attenuation for longitudinal and shear waves in polycrystalline materials.

Finite element computations offer ways to study the behavior of ultrasonic waves in polycrystals. In particular, the simulation of plane waves propagation through small representative elementary volumes of a microstructure allows estimating velocities and scattering-induced attenuation for an effective homogeneous material. Existing works on this topic have focused mainly on longitudinal waves.

SDH-related head and neck paragangliomas: Unraveling PET radiomics beyond F-FDG.

Radiomics revolutionizes medical imaging by providing quantitative analysis that complements traditional qualitative assessments through advanced computational techniques. In this narrative review we have investigated the impact of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) pathogenic variants on the radiomic profile of F-FDG, F-DOPA, and Ga-DOTA-peptides PET in paragangliomas, focusing on head and neck localizations (HNPGLs). This influence manifests in uptake intensity and textural heterogeneity, revealing a complex radiomic landscape that may reflect specific tumor behaviors and mutation statuses.

Prognostic factors for local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision.

Unlabelled: Prognostic factors for local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision.

Background: The standard curative treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer of the middle and lower thirds is long-course chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic factors associated with local recurrence in patients with rectal cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision.

Inflammation and Myocardial Blood Flow in Cardiac Sarcoidosis.

Purpose Of The Review: Cardiac involvement in systemic sarcoidosis or isolated cardiac sarcoidosis plays a pivotal role in the clinical manifestation and prognostication. Active-inflammatory cardiac sarcoidosis is associated with a regional impairment of coronary microvascular function that may confer further detrimental effects on myocardial function needing further characterization.

Recent Findings: Clinical investigations with cardiac positron emission tomography/computed tomography in conjunction with F-fluorodeoxyglucose to determine myocardial inflammation and N-ammonia to quantify myocardial blood flow (MBF) in patients with known or suspected cardiac sarcoidosis outlined that sarcoidosis-induced myocardial inflammation was associated with adverse effects on corresponding regional coronary microvascular function.

A bicentric retrospective study of the correlation of EAU BCR risk groups with F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT detection in prostate cancer biochemical recurrence.

The European Association of Urology (EAU) has proposed a risk stratification for patients harboring biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy: ISUP < 4 and PSA doubling time (PSAdt) > 12 months for low risk, and ISUP ≥ 4 or PSAdt ≤ 12 months for high risk. This dual-center retrospective study aims to investigate the correlation between the EAU risk stratification for BCR following radical prostatectomy and the detection rate of lesions using F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. Among the 71 included patients (58 high-risk, 13 low-risk), with a median PSA level of 1.

[Ga]DOTATOC PET-derived radiomics to predict genetic background of head and neck paragangliomas: a pilot investigation.

Purpose: To investigate the [Ga]DOTATOC PET radiomic profile of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) and identify radiomic characteristics useful as predictors of succinate dehydrogenase genes (SDHx) pathogenic variants.

Methods: Sporadic and SDHx HNPGL patients, who underwent [Ga]DOTATOC PET/CT, were retrospectively included. HNPGLs were analyzed using LIFEx software, and extracted features were harmonized to correct for batch effects and confronted testing for multiple comparison.

Reappraising the role of thyroid scintigraphy in the era of TIRADS: A clinically-oriented viewpoint.

Thyroid nodules (TNs) are a common entity, with the majority being benign. Therefore, employing an accurate rule-out strategy in clinical practice is essential. In the thyroid field, the current era is significantly marked by the worldwide diffusion of ultrasound (US)-based malignancy risk stratification systems of TN, usually reported as Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data System (TIRADS).

Nuclear medicine imaging for bone metastases assessment: what else besides bone scintigraphy in the era of personalized medicine?

Accurate detection and reliable assessment of therapeutic responses in bone metastases are imperative for guiding treatment decisions, preserving quality of life, and ultimately enhancing overall survival. Nuclear imaging has historically played a pivotal role in this realm, offering a diverse range of radiotracers and imaging modalities. While the conventional bone scan using Tc marked bisphosphonates has remained widely utilized, its diagnostic performance is hindered by certain limitations.

Preoperative F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Presumed Localized Colon Cancer: A Prospective Study with Long-Term Follow-Up.

We analyzed whether preoperative F-FDG PET/CT adds to conventional primary staging in patients with presumed non-metastatic colonic cancer (CC). The prognostic role of F-FDG uptake in the primary tumor was evaluated after a mean follow-up of 15 years. Patients with a new diagnosis of presumed localized CC were prospectively enrolled and underwent presurgical F-FDG PET/CT.

Management of phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma in patients with germline SDHB pathogenic variants: an international expert Consensus statement.

Adult and paediatric patients with pathogenic variants in the gene encoding succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit B (SDHB) often have locally aggressive, recurrent or metastatic phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). Furthermore, SDHB PPGLs have the highest rates of disease-specific morbidity and mortality compared with other hereditary PPGLs. PPGLs with SDHB pathogenic variants are often less differentiated and do not produce substantial amounts of catecholamines (in some patients, they produce only dopamine) compared with other hereditary subtypes, which enables these tumours to grow subclinically for a long time.

Performance of [F]fluorocholine PET/CT in MEN1-related primary hyperparathyroidism before initial surgery or for persistent/recurrent disease.

Purpose: The aims of the study were to evaluate the performance and robustness of [F]fluorocholine PET/CT in detecting hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in MEN1-related primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) at different stages of their disease.

Methods: Retrospective French multicenter study including patients with MEN1 pHPT who underwent [F]fluorocholine PET/CT at initial diagnosis or for evaluation of persistent/recurrent disease. PET/CT were independently reviewed by two readers in a blinded manner.

18 F-FDG PET/MRI for Diagnosis and Treatment Efficacy Evaluation of Spinal Sarcoidosis.

Spinal cord sarcoidosis (SCS) is an uncommon disease with estimated incidence of 0.4% in patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Spinal cord sarcoidosis typically manifests late in the disease course and significantly contributes to patient morbidity.

A radiomic- and dosiomic-based machine learning regression model for pretreatment planning in Lu-DOTATATE therapy.

Background: Standardized patient-specific pretreatment dosimetry planning is mandatory in the modern era of nuclear molecular radiotherapy, which may eventually lead to improvements in the final therapeutic outcome. Only a comprehensive definition of a dosage therapeutic window encompassing the range of absorbed doses, that is, helpful without being detrimental can lead to therapy individualization and improved outcomes. As a result, setting absorbed dose safety limits for organs at risk (OARs) requires knowledge of the absorbed dose-effect relationship.

Molecular imaging and related therapeutic options for medullary thyroid carcinoma: state of the art and future opportunities.

Due to its rarity and non-specific clinical presentation, accurate diagnosis, and optimal therapeutic strategy of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) remain challenging. Molecular imaging provides valuable tools for early disease detection, monitoring treatment response, and guiding personalized therapies. By enabling the visualization of molecular and cellular processes, these techniques contribute to a deeper understanding of disease mechanisms and the development of more effective clinical interventions.

High Tumor Uptake on F-FDOPA PET/CT Indicates Poor Prognosis in Patients with Metastatic Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Study from the Groupe d'étude des Tumeurs Endocrines and ENDOCAN-RENATEN Network.

PET/CT with 6-F-fluoro-l-dopa (F-FDOPA) has high diagnostic performance for midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). We explored the prognostic role of F-FDOPA PET/CT uptake in metastatic midgut NETs. We included, in a test cohort ( = 166) and a full external validation cohort ( = 86), all consecutive patients with metastatic midgut NETs who underwent F-FDOPA PET/CT in 5 expert centers from 2010 to 2021.